Corneoscleras were stored in 4 degrees C, 98% glycerin and were examined histologically at various storage periods. There were no remarkable pathologic changes in the stainability or arrangement of collagen fibers in stored corneoscleras from one month to 33 months. 12 eyes of 12 patients underwent tectonic or therapeutic keratoplasty with them. The integrity of the globe was maintained in all cases and vision improved in three cases without the second operation. One case achieved visual improvement by optical keratoplasty. In four cases, the vision may be improved by the second operation, such as optical keratoplasty and keratoprosthesis.
Collagen ; Corneal Transplantation ; Glycerol ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear* ; Lymphocytes*

Nursing science is focusing increasingly on family health care. Especially during the launching stage of family the grown-up sons daughters, and middlescent parents daughters have experienced a lot of change. The purpose of this study is to investigate the family health during the launching stage of the family by utilizing the family health assessment tool based on Roy's adaptation model. The Roy adaptation model was used as it is the best practice-based framework for Family Health Nursing Care. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The structure of the questionnaire was developed from the Family Health Assessment Tool by S.O. Jang(1996). The sample of 276 subjects was a convenient sample and data was obtained from November 14, 1996 to December 4, 1996. In order to analyze the collected data, this study utilized frequency, percentile, average, ANOVA, Cronbach's, and factor analysis. The results from this research are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of family health is average 95.24+/-9.40 ranged in middle. 2. The significant difference between general characteristics and family health was only revealed with the major decision making person in the family. This research thus suggests the following : 1. The legal system is needed in order to check the family members' health state regularly. 2. With family nursing care, it has to identify who is the major decision maker in that family. 3. There is a need to redefine the family health assessment tool. 4. Further research will attempt to investigate family health in each family's developmental stage.
Decision Making ; Family Health* ; Family Nursing ; Humans ; Nuclear Family ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Septo-optic dysplasia, named by de Morsier in 1956, includes absence of the septum pellucidum, partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, dysplasia of the anterior third ventricle, and bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia. Associated ophthalmologic disorders are nystagmus, poor vIsion, visualfield defect, astigmatism and optic nerve hyopolasia. The authors experienced a case of septo-optic dysplasia which was confirmed by MRI in 30-year-old male.
Adult ; Astigmatism ; Corpus Callosum ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Optic Nerve ; Septo-Optic Dysplasia* ; Septum Pellucidum ; Third Ventricle

Septo-optic dysplasia, named by de Morsier in 1956, includes absence of the septum pellucidum, partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, dysplasia of the anterior third ventricle, and bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia. Associated ophthalmologic disorders are nystagmus, poor vIsion, visualfield defect, astigmatism and optic nerve hyopolasia. The authors experienced a case of septo-optic dysplasia which was confirmed by MRI in 30-year-old male.
Adult ; Astigmatism ; Corpus Callosum ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Optic Nerve ; Septo-Optic Dysplasia* ; Septum Pellucidum ; Third Ventricle

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare the magnitude and phase between the RR interval and QT interval variability in the frequency domain. METHODS: Twenty four, 12-13 year old healthy males were randomly selected. At resting state and for 5 minutes, ECGs were obtained, and they were digitized to 1000Hz. After measurement of RR interval, QT interval variability was measured using template matching strategy. After normalization of the RR and QT interval time series, power spectral and cross spectral analysis were performed. From each of the time series, low- (0.04-0.15 hertz) and high- (0.15-0.4 hertz) frequency power were measured. From the phase spectrum, the phases and time lags between the two time series at each of the two frequency range were calculated. RESULTS: The average of RR interval and QT interval was 616.0+/-71.0, 364.0+/-47.0 msec, respectively. Their normalized low- and high- frequency power was 4.4+/-7.9 NU(normalized unit), 0.1+/-0.1 NU(p<0.005), and 11.0+/-30.0 NU, 0.3+/-0.3(NU, p<0.005), respectively. The phase differences and resulting time lags between the two interval were -0.5+/-0.4 pi radian(-0.9 seconds) and -0.2+/-0.3 pi radian(-0.4 seconds) in the low- and high-frequency range, respectively. CONCLUSION: During resting state, when compared to RR interval, QT interval oscillates in significantly lower amplitude in both low- and high- frequency ranges. However, the oscillations precede those of the RR interval 0.9 seconds and 0.4 seconds, respectively.
Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relation of the location and cell type of lung cancer to the location and degree in coexistent emphysema on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight of 209 lung cancer patients having HRCT scans were retrospectively analyzed to assess the total lung emphysema and peritumoral regional emphysema. Single and primary lung cancers were included. The clinical data, including sex, age, smoking history and the pathologic cancer subtype, were recorded to correlate with the HRCT findings. The lobar distribution, central-peripheral predominance, surrounding parenchymal abnormality for cancer, cephalocaudal predominance, and subtype for emphysema were analyzed on HRCT. Using a CT scoring method, we scored the whole lung emphysema and peritumoral emphysema, and correlated the grading of emphysema with pulmonary functional values. RESULTS: Sixty-nine of 98 patients with lung cancer (71%) had emphysema. Lung cancer with emphysema was significantly higher in men than in women, and was significantly related to smoking. The mean age of cancer patients without emphysema was significantly lower than that of cancer patients with emphysema (68 yrs vs. 61 yrs, p=0.0006). Emphysema of grade I (0-25%) was found in 52 cases, grade II (25-50%) in 15, and grade III (50-75%) in 2. Total emphysema score was paralleled to peritumoral emphysema score in 64.3%, while the remaining patients had a higher peritumoral emphysema score (grade II or III) than total emphysema score (grade 0 or I). There was no statistical correlation in the developmental location between the emphysema and the lung cancer (significant correlation was only noted in grade II group of total emphysema score). The incidence of non-small cell carcinoma tended to be higher than that of small cell carcinoma in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The possibility of lung cancer in patients with pulmonary nodule, coexisting emphysema, and especially in elderly patients having a history of smoking must be clarified on HRCT. The location or type of lung cancer was not significantly correlated to the location or the degree of coexistent emphysema.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Emphysema* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Research Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking

The authors analyzed the stroke patients admitted to department of neurosurgery and neurology of Seoul National University Hospital between 1980 and 1987. Among the 883 ischemic stroke patients angiography was performed in 158 cases. Twenty-two cases of atherosclerotic carotid occlusive disease were detected. The peak incidence of carotid occlusive disease was in the 6th decade and sex ratio of male to female was 2.7:1. Most of patients had a long history of repeated ischemic attacks and the common symptoms and signs on admission were motor weakness, speech disturbance, sensory change and visual disturbance. The associated diseases were hypertension(40.9%), hyperlipidemia(31.8%), hyperuricemia(27.3%), dysarhythmia(22.7%), heart disease(27.2%) and diabetes mellitus(13.6). CT findings showed lesions on the middle cerebral artery(MCA) territory most frequently(40.9%) then watershed zone infarct(18.2%) and diffuse brain atrophy(18.2%). Angiographic findings showed multiple lesions in 50% and lesion sites were proximal internal carotid artery(ICA) in 51.9% then cavernous portion, supraclinoid portion, petrosal portion and extracranial distal ICA in order of frequency. Clinical outcomes after the medical or surgical treatment were improved in 45.5%, stable in 45.5% and late worsening in 9.1%.
Angiography ; Brain ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neurology ; Neurosurgery ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Stroke

In situ follicular lymphoma is a newly defined entity among the lymphoid neoplasms and is defined as architecturally normal-appearing lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues that have one or more follicles that demonstrate bcl-2 overexpressing centrocytes and centroblasts, with or without a monomorphic cytologic appearance suggestive of follicular lymphoma. Here we present a case of in situ follicular lymphoma diagnosed during the follow-up after a complete response to the treatment of lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. In our case, because only a few germinal centers contained bcl-2 overexpressing cells, we missed the diagnosis of in situ follicular lymphoma in the initial histological examination. We could establish the diagnosis only after performing bcl-2 immunostaining in the sequential biopsy. Therefore, we recommend that careful histological examination along with bcl-2 immunostaining is needed in patients with suspicious clinical findings.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germinal Center ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; Precancerous Conditions

To examine the effectiveness and safety of erythropoietin on the anemia of end-stage chronic renal failure, we administered recombinant human erythropoietin(rHuEPO), Eporon(R), to 66 patients with anemia and chronic renal failure who were undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. All received Eporon(R) intravenously, two or three times per week at 150unit/kg, and then the dose of Eporon(R) was adjusted to 75-300unit/kg/week according to the hemoglobin response. The results of this study judged 19(39.6%) of 48 patients as being in a "markedly improved" condition while 23(47.9%) of 48 patients were judged as being in an "improved" condition. At results, the response rate of this study was 87.5%(42/48 patients). This was the same as the target response rate, 90%(p= 0.564). Serious adverse events occured in 6 cases during the study, but all proved to be unrelated to Eporon(R). These events included itching 1(1.5%), urticaria 1(1.5%) and headache 1(1.5%). No patients discontinued to participate in the study except one patient who withdrew from the study voluntarily. The symptoms of all adverse events eventually decreased and disappeared during the clinical study. No factors in the clinical laboratory tests changed significantly (p<0.05) except for the decrease of TSR and ferritin, a consequence of using iron hemoglobin synthesis caused by Eporon(R) administration. The significant increase in blood pressure, which could not be proved to be related to Eporon(R), disappeared during the study. Anti-Epo antibody was not detected in any samples. These results demonstrate that Eporon(R) is effective in many patients with the anemia of end-stage chronic renal failure.
Anemia* ; Blood Pressure ; Erythropoietin ; Ferritins ; Headache ; Humans* ; Iron ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Pruritus ; Renal Dialysis ; Urticaria