Corneoscleras were stored in 4 degrees C, 98% glycerin and were examined histologically at various storage periods. There were no remarkable pathologic changes in the stainability or arrangement of collagen fibers in stored corneoscleras from one month to 33 months. 12 eyes of 12 patients underwent tectonic or therapeutic keratoplasty with them. The integrity of the globe was maintained in all cases and vision improved in three cases without the second operation. One case achieved visual improvement by optical keratoplasty. In four cases, the vision may be improved by the second operation, such as optical keratoplasty and keratoprosthesis.
Collagen ; Corneal Transplantation ; Glycerol ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear* ; Lymphocytes*

Nursing science is focusing increasingly on family health care. Especially during the launching stage of family the grown-up sons daughters, and middlescent parents daughters have experienced a lot of change. The purpose of this study is to investigate the family health during the launching stage of the family by utilizing the family health assessment tool based on Roy's adaptation model. The Roy adaptation model was used as it is the best practice-based framework for Family Health Nursing Care. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The structure of the questionnaire was developed from the Family Health Assessment Tool by S.O. Jang(1996). The sample of 276 subjects was a convenient sample and data was obtained from November 14, 1996 to December 4, 1996. In order to analyze the collected data, this study utilized frequency, percentile, average, ANOVA, Cronbach's, and factor analysis. The results from this research are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of family health is average 95.24+/-9.40 ranged in middle. 2. The significant difference between general characteristics and family health was only revealed with the major decision making person in the family. This research thus suggests the following : 1. The legal system is needed in order to check the family members' health state regularly. 2. With family nursing care, it has to identify who is the major decision maker in that family. 3. There is a need to redefine the family health assessment tool. 4. Further research will attempt to investigate family health in each family's developmental stage.
Decision Making ; Family Health* ; Family Nursing ; Humans ; Nuclear Family ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Septo-optic dysplasia, named by de Morsier in 1956, includes absence of the septum pellucidum, partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, dysplasia of the anterior third ventricle, and bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia. Associated ophthalmologic disorders are nystagmus, poor vIsion, visualfield defect, astigmatism and optic nerve hyopolasia. The authors experienced a case of septo-optic dysplasia which was confirmed by MRI in 30-year-old male.
Adult ; Astigmatism ; Corpus Callosum ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Optic Nerve ; Septo-Optic Dysplasia* ; Septum Pellucidum ; Third Ventricle

Septo-optic dysplasia, named by de Morsier in 1956, includes absence of the septum pellucidum, partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, dysplasia of the anterior third ventricle, and bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia. Associated ophthalmologic disorders are nystagmus, poor vIsion, visualfield defect, astigmatism and optic nerve hyopolasia. The authors experienced a case of septo-optic dysplasia which was confirmed by MRI in 30-year-old male.
Adult ; Astigmatism ; Corpus Callosum ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Optic Nerve ; Septo-Optic Dysplasia* ; Septum Pellucidum ; Third Ventricle

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare the magnitude and phase between the RR interval and QT interval variability in the frequency domain. METHODS: Twenty four, 12-13 year old healthy males were randomly selected. At resting state and for 5 minutes, ECGs were obtained, and they were digitized to 1000Hz. After measurement of RR interval, QT interval variability was measured using template matching strategy. After normalization of the RR and QT interval time series, power spectral and cross spectral analysis were performed. From each of the time series, low- (0.04-0.15 hertz) and high- (0.15-0.4 hertz) frequency power were measured. From the phase spectrum, the phases and time lags between the two time series at each of the two frequency range were calculated. RESULTS: The average of RR interval and QT interval was 616.0+/-71.0, 364.0+/-47.0 msec, respectively. Their normalized low- and high- frequency power was 4.4+/-7.9 NU(normalized unit), 0.1+/-0.1 NU(p<0.005), and 11.0+/-30.0 NU, 0.3+/-0.3(NU, p<0.005), respectively. The phase differences and resulting time lags between the two interval were -0.5+/-0.4 pi radian(-0.9 seconds) and -0.2+/-0.3 pi radian(-0.4 seconds) in the low- and high-frequency range, respectively. CONCLUSION: During resting state, when compared to RR interval, QT interval oscillates in significantly lower amplitude in both low- and high- frequency ranges. However, the oscillations precede those of the RR interval 0.9 seconds and 0.4 seconds, respectively.
Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relation of the location and cell type of lung cancer to the location and degree in coexistent emphysema on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight of 209 lung cancer patients having HRCT scans were retrospectively analyzed to assess the total lung emphysema and peritumoral regional emphysema. Single and primary lung cancers were included. The clinical data, including sex, age, smoking history and the pathologic cancer subtype, were recorded to correlate with the HRCT findings. The lobar distribution, central-peripheral predominance, surrounding parenchymal abnormality for cancer, cephalocaudal predominance, and subtype for emphysema were analyzed on HRCT. Using a CT scoring method, we scored the whole lung emphysema and peritumoral emphysema, and correlated the grading of emphysema with pulmonary functional values. RESULTS: Sixty-nine of 98 patients with lung cancer (71%) had emphysema. Lung cancer with emphysema was significantly higher in men than in women, and was significantly related to smoking. The mean age of cancer patients without emphysema was significantly lower than that of cancer patients with emphysema (68 yrs vs. 61 yrs, p=0.0006). Emphysema of grade I (0-25%) was found in 52 cases, grade II (25-50%) in 15, and grade III (50-75%) in 2. Total emphysema score was paralleled to peritumoral emphysema score in 64.3%, while the remaining patients had a higher peritumoral emphysema score (grade II or III) than total emphysema score (grade 0 or I). There was no statistical correlation in the developmental location between the emphysema and the lung cancer (significant correlation was only noted in grade II group of total emphysema score). The incidence of non-small cell carcinoma tended to be higher than that of small cell carcinoma in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The possibility of lung cancer in patients with pulmonary nodule, coexisting emphysema, and especially in elderly patients having a history of smoking must be clarified on HRCT. The location or type of lung cancer was not significantly correlated to the location or the degree of coexistent emphysema.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Emphysema* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Research Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking

The authors analyzed the stroke patients admitted to department of neurosurgery and neurology of Seoul National University Hospital between 1980 and 1987. Among the 883 ischemic stroke patients angiography was performed in 158 cases. Twenty-two cases of atherosclerotic carotid occlusive disease were detected. The peak incidence of carotid occlusive disease was in the 6th decade and sex ratio of male to female was 2.7:1. Most of patients had a long history of repeated ischemic attacks and the common symptoms and signs on admission were motor weakness, speech disturbance, sensory change and visual disturbance. The associated diseases were hypertension(40.9%), hyperlipidemia(31.8%), hyperuricemia(27.3%), dysarhythmia(22.7%), heart disease(27.2%) and diabetes mellitus(13.6). CT findings showed lesions on the middle cerebral artery(MCA) territory most frequently(40.9%) then watershed zone infarct(18.2%) and diffuse brain atrophy(18.2%). Angiographic findings showed multiple lesions in 50% and lesion sites were proximal internal carotid artery(ICA) in 51.9% then cavernous portion, supraclinoid portion, petrosal portion and extracranial distal ICA in order of frequency. Clinical outcomes after the medical or surgical treatment were improved in 45.5%, stable in 45.5% and late worsening in 9.1%.
Angiography ; Brain ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neurology ; Neurosurgery ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Stroke

Vertebral hemangioma is a slow-growg, benign tumor which is often discovered incidentally during evaluation of neck or back pain.1,2 It is easily demonstrated by spine MRI, but in some cases did not show typical radiological appearance. In that case, Tc-99m RBC SPECT may be another confirmatory diagnostic tool. We report a case of vertebral hemangioma diagnosed with the assistance of Tc-99m RBC SPECT.
Hemangioma* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck ; Spine ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE: The object of this study is to determine whether QT interval variability in patients with postoperative tetralogy of Fallot increases. METHODS: We enrolled 41 patients who had total correction of tetralogy of Fallot, and 31 healthy controls. They were 6-12 years old. Patients were divided into 2 groups : arrhythmia-positive patients(n=10) who had ventricular premature contractions more than 30/hour or who had couplets, and arrhythmia-negative patients(n=31). We selected the 10-minute arrhythmia-free portion of 24-hour ambulatory ECG recorded during sleep(1-3AM). We selected the 2nd beat of recordings for a template, then found the QT interval for each beat. The method was that T-wave shape best matches template T-wave under the time-stretch model. The mean heart rate and variance and mean QT interval and variance were computed and then a QT variability index(QTVI)-which represents the log ratio between QT interval variability and heart rate variability-was derived. RESULTS: Postoperative tetralogy of Fallot patients with/without ventricular arrhythmia showed significantly increased QTVI compared with the control(-0.481+/-0.310/-0.661+/-0.376 vs -1.200+/-0.380, P<0.0001). There was a trend that QTVI in patients with ventricular arrhythmia increased more than in patients without ventricular arrhythmia, but there were no statistical significances. CONCLUSION: QT interval variability increased in repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients with/without ventricular arrhythmia compared with the control. And this finding indicates that inhomogeneity of temporal ventricular repolarization exists in repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Tetralogy of Fallot*