No abstract available.

A clinical review of 212 cases of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis during the past 6 years from January 1990 to December 1995 was made at the Department of General Surgery, Eul ji Medical College Hospital,Taejeon. The results are as follows: 1) The age of peak incidence was the 3rd decade (43.3%), and females predominated over males by 3.1 : 1. 2) The time interval from the onset of symptoms to the first visit was less than 3 months in 53.3% of the patients. 3) The location of lymphadenitis was the right neck in 59.9%, the left neck 38.7%, and bilateral in 1.4% of the patients. 4) Signs on the first visit were a mass, a cold abscess and/or a discharge. A palpable mass was the most frequent symptom (86.8%). 5) The incidence of associated pulmonary tuberculosis was 26.9%. 6) Seventy patients (33.0%) had a past history of tuberculosis. Among them, 55.7% had lymphadenitis, 28.6% pulmonary tuberculosis, and 15.7% medical problems at other sites. 7) Treatments of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis were chemotherapy alone (68.4%) or surgical management combined with chemotherapy (31.6%). The surgical treatments included excision, incision and drainage, and neck dissection in 17.5%, 13.2%, and 0.9% of the patients, respectively. 8) The rate of recurrence was 3.1% (5 cases) for 160 cases, among them, 1.2% (2 cases) involved chemotherapy alone and 1.9% (3 cases) surgery with chemotherapy. The other 52 cases were lost from follow up.
Abscess ; Drainage ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymphadenitis* ; Male ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Recurrence ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Posterior capsule opacification(PCO) is a common complication of cataract surgery. The presence of a posterior chamber intraocular lens has been shown to decrease the incidence of the development of PCO. Moreover, there are evidences that the design of intraocular lens may also alter its development. Extracapsular lens extraction with implantation of posterior chamber lens were operated on a consecutive series of 230 eyes. These were evaluated in the viewpoint of PCO development after surgery. All were sulcus fixed and their optic designs were devided into two groups; a group of convex-plano lens with continuous laser ridge including convex-concave lens and a group of biconvex lens. The incidence of PCO was lower in convex-plano lens with continuous laser ridge group(6.7%) than that of boconvex lens group(18.9%). The incidence of Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy marked 0.0% in continuous ridged group and 1.8% in biconvex group(p<0.05, p Capsule Opacification* ; Cataract ; Incidence ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Posterior Capsulotomy

The purpose of this study was to obtain a deep understanding of experiences of stigma among people infected with COVID-19 in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews from March 2021 to November 2021 with nine people who had been infected with COVID-19. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: Six theme clusters emerged from participants' stigma experiences: “I've become the coronavirus itself”, “a desperate defense to protect myself”, “pointing a finger at oneself”, “a scapegoat for the public interest”, “the aftereffects caused by social prejudice” and “an isolated loner”. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that people infected with COVID-19 suffered considerable emotional distress and were hindered in their daily life recovery due to stigma. Based on this study, medical staff who treat patients infected with COVID-19 should understand their stigma in depth and strive to develop and implement the necessary instruments and nursing intervention programs to reduce this stigma.

Maintaining patient safety in and outside the operating room is a major concern of plastic surgeons. Circumventing preventable complications is essential, as public acknowledgement and interest in the complications of cosmetic surgery rises. The plastic surgery patient is generally considered a safe candidate for surgery, but his or her health may have masked problems, and generally superficial surgery can still be subject to the common risks of surgery. Patient education and information on the procedure and the risks, benefits, and alternatives can help avoid surprise and confusion if a complication does occur. Peer-review systems in the form of weekly or monthly morbidity reporting conferences can help identify practice patterns that increase risks and can ultimately improve patient safety. After reviewing a patient's medical history, doing a thorough physical examination and review of systems, and pertinent laboratory or radiographic testing, the physician should select the patient's appropriate classification from the anesthesiologist's physical rating. Preparation and consideration for the common risks of plastic surgery should help to improve perioperative safety.
Classification ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Masks ; Operating Rooms ; Patient Education as Topic ; Patient Safety* ; Perioperative Care ; Physical Examination ; Plastics ; Surgery, Plastic*

BACKGROUND: All standard methods of hernia repair involve suturing together tissues which are not normally in apposition. This violates the basic surgical principle that tissue must never be approximated under tension and account for an unacceptable number of failures. Total reinforcement of the inguinal floor with a sheet of suitable biomaterial of a 'tension-free' technique is a more effective approach. METHODS: We have treated inguinal hernias by Bassini method in eighty-nine patients and by Lichtenstein tension free method in sixty-one patients from September, 1993 through December, 1995 and compared these two groups on age, sex, site, type anesthesia, operation time, admission date, postoperative complication, postoperative pain-killer injection period, recurrence. RESULTS: The result are as follows 1) There was no significantly difference compared Bassini method with Lichtenstein tension free method on age, sex, site, type, anesthesia, postoperative complications. 2) The average time of operation was 61.8 minutes on Bassini method and 53.6 minutes on Lichtenstein tension free method. 3) The postoperative complications were hematoma 2 cases, wound seroma 1 case on Bassini method, and wound seroma 1 case on Lichtenstein tension free method. 4) The average duration in the hospital stay after operation was 6.01 days on Bassini method and 4.75 days on Lichtenstein tension free method (p<0.01). 5) The average period for injection of pain-killer after operation was 3.61 days on Bassini method and 2.21 days on Lichtenstein tension free method (p<0.01). 6) The recurrence rate was 6 cases(6.7%) on Bassini method and no recurrence case on Lichtenstein tension free method (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Lichtenstein tension free method is less painful and shorter postoperative hospital stay than Bassini method.
Anesthesia ; Hematoma ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Herniorrhaphy* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Polypropylenes* ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Seroma ; Wounds and Injuries

The factors affecting the survival rate of breast-cancer patients were studied in 185 cases treated at the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University from January 1987 to December 1996. The results are as follows: 1) The most prevalent age group was the 5th decade (57 cases, 30.8%). 2) The most common initial symptom was a palpable mass (167 cases, 90.3%). 3) In 134 cases (72.4%), the patients visited the hospital within 6 months of the onset of the first symptom. 4) The primary tumor was located on the left side in 101 cases (54.6%) and on the right side in 84 cases (45.4%), and the most frequent tumor location was the upper outer quadrant (113 cases, 61.1%). 5) The pathological types, according to the WHO classification, were an invasive ductal carcinoma (179 cases, 96.7%) and a medullary carcimona (22 cases, 11.9%) in that order. 6) According to the TNM system, the most common stage was stage II (100 cases, 54.1%). The overall 5-year survival rates according to pathologic stage were 96.0% for Stage I, 83.1% for Stage II, 67.8% for Stage III, and 12.5% for Stage IV. 7) The estrogen and the progesterone receptor status had no significance for the survival rate. 8) The most common type of operation was a modified radical mastectomy (Patey) (150 cases, 81.0%). 9) Axillary lymph node metastases were present in 77 cases (41.6%). 10) The most common distant metastasis was the bone (12 cases, 6.5%). 11) The overall 5-year actuarial survival rate after surgery was 76.6%. The 5-year survival rates according to the number of invaded lymph-node were 83.5% for 0 nodes, 77.6% for 1~3 nodes, 57.5% for 4~9 nodes, and 49.4% in cases of more than 10 nodes.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Classification ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Lymph Nodes ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Survival Rate

Benign fibrous histiocytoma is a tumor composed of a mixture of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells that are often arranged in a cartwheel or storiform pattern and accompanied by varying number of inflammatory cells, foam cells, and siderophages. Benign fibrous histiocytoma represents one of the common soft tissue tumors with most cases presenting in the skin. The common sites of incidence are the limbs, trunk, head, neck, and posterior peritoneal cavity: less commonly, these lesions arise in female reproductive organs. This report documents a case of benign fibrous histiocytoma arising in the ovary of 48 year-old female whose chief complaint was abdominal pain.
Abdominal Pain ; Extremities ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Foam Cells ; Head ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Ovary* ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Intrathecal injection of analgesic agents sush as opioids, clonidine, ketamine and nalbuphine with a local anesthetic agent during spinal anesthesia for operation is an easy and convenient way to get postoperative analgesia. Intrathecal neostigmine causes an increased ACh concentration in CSF and also has an analgesic effect. This study was designed to examine its postoperative analgesic effect and adverse effects such as nausea/vomiting and urinary retention etc. METHODS: We divided 27 patients who were supposed to receive orthopedic surgery of lower extremities into 3 groups. The control group as injected with heavy bupivacaine 13 mg and normal saline and the N50 and N75 groups were injected with the same amount of bupivacaine combined with neostigmine 50 mcg and 75 mcg respectively. We examined total amount of fluid intake and side effects during operation, and time to first rescue analgesic medication, time to first urination, total applications of rescue analgesic agent, total number of urinary catheterizations for 24 hr after intrathecal injection, and adverse effects of intrathecal neostigmine in the ward. RESULTS: The N75 group showed a significantly longer analgesic duration compared with the control and N50 groups, but the incidence of urinary retention and number of urinary catheterizations increased in the N75 group significantly. Nausea/Vomiting significantly increased in N75 compared with control. Shivering was more common in N50. 2 patients who recieved neostigmine 75 mcg complained of chest discomforts suggesting myocardial ischemia in EKG taken in those episodes. CONCLUSIONS: Neostigmine 75 mcg has better analgesic effect but more frequent adverse effects than control or neostigmine 50 mcg. Therefore, we suggest using high doses of neostigmine cautiously and being aware of its side effects.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Bupivacaine ; Clonidine ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Spinal ; Ketamine ; Lower Extremity ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Nalbuphine ; Neostigmine* ; Orthopedics* ; Shivering ; Thorax ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention ; Urination

BACKGROUND: The reduction in hematocrit (Hct) by hemodilution tends to cause an increase in cardiac output and a proportional decrease in arterial oxygen content. Additionally the reduction of systemic oxygen delivery (DO2) leads to significant differences in regional blood flow. It is therefore important to characterize the effects of hemodilution on regional oxygen metabolism in individual organs. This study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the effects of acute normovolemic anemia induced by hemodilution. METHODS: Six dogs were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated. Catheters were inserted in the right femoral and pulmonary arteries for blood sampling, and a gastric tonometer catheter was inserted into the gastric lumen. Baseline measurements of systemic hemodynamics, arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR), gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and arterial lactate were recorded. Hemodilution was then begun by 6% pentastarch and was made in four levels of hematocrit values of 20%, 15%, 10% and 6%. RESULTS: Mean arterial pressures of Hct 10% and 6% was decresaed (P < 0.05) and Hct 15% and 10% increases in cardiac output and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were observed. Central venous pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure were incresed (P < 0.05) at Hct 15%, 10% and 6%. DO2 progressively decreased (P < 0.05). AKBR and pHi began to decreased at Hct 15%. Arterial lactate decrease at Hct 15% and was above 7.4 mmol/L at Hct 6%. CONCLUSIONS: By the measurements of AKBR and pHi, the disturbance of splanchnic oxygenation can be detected early compared to those of O2 in terms of oxygen metabolism and the critical point of DO2 during acute normovolemic anemia induced by hemodilution.
Anemia* ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Catheters ; Central Venous Pressure ; Dogs* ; Hematocrit ; Hemodilution* ; Hemodynamics ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives ; Lactic Acid* ; Metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption* ; Oxygen* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Regional Blood Flow