Objective To understand the awareness and participation of cervical cancer screening,and the human pappillomavirus(HPV)infection rate and the cervical lesions prevalence status in Uighur female cleaning workers in Urumqi,in order to provide the reference basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 144 Uighur female cleaning workers aged from 25 to 59 years was selected by multi-level cluster random sampling method from two cleaning company in Urumqi city. Cervical cancer screening questionnaire and HC-2 HPV-DNA test was executed. Electronic colposcopy and cervical biopsy was applied to the HPV positive one. Results There were 69. 44% participants having no knowledge of cervical cancer screening,only 26. 39% participants knowing a little;88. 19% participants never having a cervical smear,only 2. 78% having a cervical smear in 3years;the reason of no cervical cancer screening among participants showed that 57. 64% of them declared the screening fees too expensive or difficult economic, 23. 61% of the women having fears of cervical cancer detection. A total of 144 cases of Uighur women in cervical cancer screening,44 cases were HPV positive with positive rate 29. 17% and in which 4 of them refused to colposcopy. A total of 140 cases of HPV positive women underwent vaginal endoscopy and cervical biopsy,and pathological biopsy results presented that CINI were 4 cases,CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ 6 cases,SCC 1 case,and 129 cases with inflammation. Conclusions Generally low income crowd of Uighur women have low rate of knowledge about the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer,but HPV infection rate is high in the crowd. To provide some funding or take various forms of health education are benefit to the improvement of cervical cancer screening participation rate for this crow of Uighur.