A drill protector which can lock the drilling depth was designed, which is easy and safe.
Equipment Design ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; Surgical Instruments

Objective:To investigate the feasibility,safety and superiority of transvagina endo- scopic cholecystectomy used in clinical application.Methods:31 patients with gall-bladder diseases were treated in transvagina endoscopic cholecystectomy.Through a 5mm cut below the umbilicus, inserted laparoscopic guide gastroscope and NOTES manipulator enter abdominal cavity through posterior fornix 15mm cut.After the gastroscope can capture stable vision,withdraw the laparoscope and insert normal laparoscopic manipulator.With the gastroscope monitoring,accomplish cholecystectomy using umbilical and pudendum manipulator.Results:All of patients were accepted this new type operation.The operation time was 60～150 minutes,and the average time was 85 minutes.No postoperative draining,bleeding and biliary fistula occurred in those patients. There was no obvious scar in belly,and all of patients felt no pains after operation.The average inpatient time was shorten,the medical cost decreased.Conclusion:Transvagina endoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible and safety.Comparing to traditional laparoscopic operation,it has obviously superiority.Transvagina endoscopic cholecystectomy should be widely applied in good condition hospitals.

Object To understand pollen life of Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma in natural conditions. Methods To determine pollen viability of C. deserticola in natural state by pollen germination method in vitro.Results The optimum conditions of C. deserticolapollen germination are pollens in primary flowering time and a culture medium with 0.6% agar + 10% sucrose + 0.1% boric acid, cultured in 25 ℃, which is benefit to pollen germination and pollen tube growth; low temperature (4 ℃) is benefit to pollen short-dated storage and can prolong pollen life. Conclusion The study provides a theoretical basis for conserving better seed resources and artificial cultivating by pollen of C. deserticola.

Objective To investigate the variation of thyroid hormone therapy in patients with hypothyroidism before,during and postpartum pregnancy.Methods Thirty-eight patients who suffered from hypothyroidism and had successful pregnancy were collected.Among them,15 cases of hypothyroidism were caused by autoimmune thyroiditis caused,11 cases were induced by thyroid surgery; in 131I treatment induced hypothyroidism were 5 cases,7 patients had unclear reason pregnancy clinical thyroid dysfunctions.Thirty-eight cases of non-pregnant patients with hypothyroidism were also collected as the control group.They achieved efficacy standards by levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment and dose variation of L-T4 was statistically analyzed.Results There was a significant difference before pregnancy,postpartum and different periods of pregnancy.L-T4 dose had a significant increase after pregnancy.At 10-12 weeks,16-18 weeks,22-24 weeks,26-30 weeks,34-36 weeks respectively,L-T4 dose was significantly increasing compared with before pregnancy and postpartum 3 months((110.51 ± 10.42),(113.81 ± 21.04),(108.32 ± 21.01),(105.58 ±21.54),(105.89±10.24),(84.42 ±10.45) and (86.43 ±10.29) μg/L,F=15.631,P＜0.001),but between before and pregnancy postpartum,there was not significantly difference (P ＞ 0.05).Among the various stages of pregnancy,there was also no significant difference; In the patients with hypothyroidism due to thyroid surgery and 131I therapy,L-T4 dose were significantly higher than autoimmune thyroiditis and patients with no clear reason(before,during and after pregnancy,F =4.98,5.15,5.04,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Patients with hypothyroidism during pregnancy should increased therapeutic dose of thyroid hormone with average about 30％-40％ of the original dose,and in postpartum,levels before pregnancy could resume.High doses of L-T4 treatment should be taken in patients with hypothyroidism after 131I therapy and after thyroid surgeries.

Animals ; Humans ; Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Metals ; toxicity ; Nervous System ; drug effects

Through decades of innovation and transcendence,foreign medical universities consistently promoted integration of medicine and humanities and carried out curriculum and teaching reform.Both the ideas and measures are advanced and worthy study.Currently,the development of medical humanities education in China is confronted with difficulties.Medical students need to promote their humanistic quality urgently.The study explored the effective measures to innovate and transcend by analyzing the advancement of foreign medical humanities education and problems of medical humanities education in China.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of abdominal operation,laparoscopic operation and vaginal operation on treating ovarian cysts in order to summarize the characteristics of Yin type way operation. Methods Two hundreds and twenty-six patients with benign ovarian cysts were selected as our subjects and they were hospitalized from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2012 in the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu. Of 226 patients,there were 77 cases with laparoscopic operation( laparoscopic group),75 cases with vaginal operation(transvaginal group),and 74 cases with traditional open operation(abdominal group). The information of operation periods,intraoperative blood loss volum,postoperative analgesia,postoperative exhaust time and hospitalization days,and the rate of postoperative complication were collected. All the patients were followed-up at 1 or 3 months after surgery. Results Operation periods and bleeding volume in vaginal group was(41. 71 ± 16. 92)min and(33. 11 ± 20. 19)ml,less than that in laparoscopic((50. 73 ± 18. 71)min,(38. 21 ± 18. 73)ml)and abdominal group((61. 81 ± 19. 75)min.(107. 29 ± 41. 27)ml)and the difference was significant. Meanwhile,gastrointestinal function recovery in vaginal group was(12. 19 ± 4. 17)h,less than that other two groups(15. 43 ± 4. 31)h and(30. 00 ± 6. 21)h). In addition,shorter hospitalization period was also less than that of other two groups((4. 38 ± 1. 30)d vs.(5. 60 ± 0. 50)d vs.(8. 50 ± 2. 00)d;P < 0. 05 or P< 0. 01). The rate of postoperative complication of laparoscopic group was 1. 30% ,and 1. 33% for transvaginal group and 4. 05% for abdominal group,and the difference was significant( P = 0. 036). After followed-up 3 months,the clinical effect of transvaginal group was 94. 7% ,94. 8% for laparoscopic group and 94. 6%(70 / 74) for abdominal group,and the difference was not significant( P > 0. 05 ). Conclusion The approaches of transvaginal operation and laparoscopy operation treating the ovarian cyst have their advantages and disadvantages. It is better to accurately understand the operation indications and then achieve the best therapeutic effect with minimal trauma.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of uterine empyema complicated with perforation of the uterus,the causes of misdiagnosis and measures of reducing misdiagnosis.Methods Twenty clinical cases from 2008 to 2013 in the First People's Hospiptal of Shangqiu were treated postmenopausal,uterine empyema and uterine perforation,and 16 cases of whose first diagnosed leak or misdiagnosed patients were retrospectively analyzed.Summarize the clinical characteristics,misdiagnosis and experiences in order to reduce the misdiagnosis of the disease.Results Among 20 cases of uterine perforation and Uterine empyema,16 cases first diagnosed misdiagnosed,and the incidence was 80％ (16/20).One case was diagnosed tumor torsion,1 case of diagnosis of pelvic abscess,14 cases first diagnosed of surgery (8 cases of acute peritonitis,gastrointestinal perforation in 4 cases and 2 cases of perforated appendicitis).It all occurred in postmenopausal women,and the main clinical features were that:high fever,lower abdominal pain,feel bloated in the rectal,mass pelvic cavity,weakened movement of intestine and cervical disturbance pain.results of emoyemic bacteria culture were mainly colon bacillus (E.coli).The main causes of misdiagnosis were atypical clinical manifestations,clinicians lack of comprehensive analysis and dynamic observation of the disease,over-reliance on laboratory examinations;their performance was often the first diagnosis of acute abdomen surgery,the surgeon only undergraduate examination,as well as undergraduate diagnosis of inertia thinking,neglect gynecological examination.All patients had a one-time cure after surgery.Conclusion Uterine empyema complicated with uterine perforation occurs mainly in postmenopausal women,which had a higher rate of misdiagnosis.Correctly diagnosis and timely treatments make benefits to the prognosis.

Curcumin,a polyphenol compound,is a bioactive constituent extracted from the roots of the perennial herb Curcuma longa L.It has antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-infective,heart protective and anti-tumor properties.Recent research has shown that curcumin can exert neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia via the mechanisms of antioxidative stress,antiapoptosis,anti-cerebral edema,and anti-inflammation.This article reviews the neuroprotective mechanisms of curcumin in cerebral ischemia.

Natural killer (NK) cells,a major cell type of the innate immunity,have a central role in infections,immunizations and tumors.The relationship between NK cells and hematological malignancies is increasingly pursued by domestic and foreign researchers.Exploring the relationship between function and activity of NK cells and malignant hematological disease is of great importance.