OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the pain-relieving and sedative efficacy and safety of sufentanil in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after spinal column surgery.METHODS:60 patients undergoing selective spinal column surgery were randomized to either fentanyl group or sufentanil group.General anesthesia was performed for all the 60 cases,with tracheal catheter withdrawn and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) performed after completion of surgery when patients had regained consciousness.The analgesic efficacy within 24 hours was evaluated using visual analogue score(VAS),VRS score,Ramsay score and the adverse effects were recorded.RESULTS:In sufentanil group,effective analgesic efficacy was obtained,and the VAS score was significantly lower but the VRS score was significantly higher than in fentanyl group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:Sufentanil is proved to be safe and effective with reliable analgesic and sedative efficacy but fewer side effects for PCIA patients.

AIM: To investigate the changes in intracellular potassium activity(a iK) and membrane potential(V_m) induced by low external sodium infusion (Low _o) and to detect the mechanisms involved and the relationship between a iK and V_m. METHODS: a iK and V_m were measured in infusion with different sodium concentrations using methods of convenient and ion selective microelectrodes in guinea pig ventricular myocardium. RESULTS: Low _o resulted in a decrease in a iK and an increase in V_m in a Na + concentration-dependent manner.At the same time,contraction and resting potential increased, and action potential duration decreased markedly,but action potential amplitude was not affected. A change of the pH from 7.4 to 7.0 in low _o solution reduced the decrease in a iK, but did not affect the increase in V_m. CONCLUSION: A better linear relationship appeared between the changes in a ik and _o or in V_m and _o,while during each low _o the change in both a iK or V_m may reach a new balance level.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; Fenretinide ; therapeutic use ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism

Cdx2 plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of normal intestinal cells. It has been suggested that Cdx2 is a master regulator of the intestinal differentiation program and is therefore not usually expressed outside the intestinal organs. Loss of Cdx2 expression leads to focal gastric differentiation in the colon, whereas aberrant expression of Cdx2 in the upper digestive tract may induce the initial trans-differentiation to intestinal metaplasia. The detection of a strong nuclear immunoreactivity for Cdx2 in metaplastic cells suggests that the protein is a major transcription factor in the development of intestinal metaplasia.Abnormal expression of Cdx2 is also correlated with early stage of adenocarcinoma in different organs, indicating that the protein may play an anti-oncogenic role in cancer development. The Inflammation-metaplasia-cancer'sequence is a frequent event in the lower esophagus, stomach, uterine cervix and the bladder. In all these specific anatomical sites, the noxious stimuli leading to metaplasia may have direct and/or indirect carcinogenic effects on chronically injured cells and Cdx2 plays a key role in the cascade process. Detection of Cdx2 expression in adenocarcinoma may be useful in the evaluation of malignancy and prognosis.

Objective: To explore a treatment method for vascular dementia. Methods: Sixty patients were randomly allocated into two groups. The observation group was treated with long-term needle-retaining method of scalp acupuncture and the control group was treated by medications. Evaluation was made respectively before and after the treatment by means of Hasegawa dementia scale (HDS), neurological function deficit (NFD) score and main symptom (MS) score. Results: There were statistically significant differences in HDS, NFD score and MS score in both groups (PO.01) before and after the treatment. There were statistically significant differences in HDS, NFD score and MS score between the two groups (P<0.05) before and after the treatment. The total effective rate was 86.8% in the observation group and 80.0% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference in the effects between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: This long-term needle-retaining method of scalp acupuncture is precisely effective for vascular dementia.

Objective To elucidate the mechanism of inflammation in vascular endothelial cells induced by hypochlorite-modified albumin (HOCl-Alb). Methods HOCl-Alb-induced NADPH oxidase activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Phosphorylation of p47phox and binding of p47phox and p22phox were measured with immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Membrane translocation of p47phox was measured with immunofluorescence. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA and protein expression in the presence or absence of apocynin, respectively. Results Co-incubation of HUVEC with HOClAlb resulted in the enhancement of NAIDPH oxidase activity in time- and dose-dependent manner.Compared with bovine serum albumin group, exposure of the cells with 200 mg/L HOCl-Alb for 15min resulted in a 6.16-fold increase in NADPH oxidase activity. Phosphorylation and membrane translocation of p47phox and binding of it with p22phox were also induced by HOCl-Alb. ICAM-1expression was up-regulated after exposure to HOCl-Alb and this effect was significantly abolished by apocynin, a specific inhibiter of NADPH oxidase, in dose-dependent manner. Preincubation of the cells with 500 μmol/L apocynin inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 protein induced by HOClAlb by 68.97% (P＜0.01). Conclusion NADPH oxidase plays a central role in HOCl-Albmediated ICAM-1 expression and provides a mechanism for HOCl-Alb-related vascular endothelial inflammation.

Objective To investigate the influence of different scout image on the radiation dose of head and chest spiral scanning in CT using automatic tube current modulation(ATCM).Methods CT scanning was performed on the head-neck and chest phantom with ATCM.Five different scout images through the five various positions that include anteroposterior(AP),posteroanterior(PA),lateral,AP,lateral,PA and lateral.The phantom was scanned three times for each position.Then each scout image was scanned by spiral technique once more.ROI in orbital center and C5 upper edge level were selected for Head and neck phantom,ROI in the apical and tracheal bifurcation level were selected for chest phantom.The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) was measured and recorded.The organ dose of eye lens and mammary glands were measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) in every scanning(the average of 3 measurements),The cumulative value of scout image and spiral scanning were calculated.The volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) of each scan was recorded,and the cumulative value of CTDIvol was calculated.Results In the five scout images of the head-neck phantom mode,the maximum value of accumulated radiation dose of eye lens and CTDIvol appear on PA scout image(18.354 and 26.43 mGy respectively),while the minimum value appear on the lateral scout image(11.847 and 18.20 mGy respectively).In the chest phantom mode,the maximum value of the accumulated radiation dose of the mammary gland and CTDIvol emerge from the AP scout image (6.873 and 9.42 mGy respectively),while the minimum value of the mammary accumulated radiation dose appear on lateral scout image(4.592 mGy),the minimum value of CTDIvol appear on AP plus lateral scout images(3.94 mGy).The accumulated radiation dose of eye lens and CTDIvol value in PA scout image mode were 54.9％(6.507/11.847) and 45.2％(8.23/18.20) higher than those of the lateral scout image mode.The accumulated radiation dose of mammary gland and CTDIvol value in AP scout image mode were 42.5％ (2.051/4.822) and 136.7％ (5.44/3.98) higher than that of PA plus lateral scout images mode.In the head-neck phantom mode,the CNR value of orbital center and C5 upper edge level were 102.55 to 115.89,161.01 to 204.52 respectively.In the chest phantom mode,the CNR value of the apical and tracheal bifurcation level were 82.74 to 164.00,83.12 to 121.49 respectively.Conclusion The choice of the scout image had significant effect on the radiation dose and the sensitive organ dose in CT.

Long period of constipation will affect the health of the elderly people. The constipation of the elderly people often appears deficient characteristics. In TCM, the principles of tonifying the spleen for helping digestion, simultaneously applying of moistening and subduing, and wanning and supplementing the Vital Gate are commonly used.

Objective:To observe effects of Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu Fang on serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and Immunologic function in the patient of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Fifty-one cases of NSCLC were randomly divided into a Chinese medicine group,a chemotherapy group and a chemotherapy plus Chinese medicine group.The therapeutic effect and changes of clinical symptoms,physical strength,immunologic indexes and serum VEGF before and after treatment were investigated in all groups.Results:Tumor stable rate in Chinese medicine group and chemotherapy plus Chinese medicine group after treatment was higher than that in chemotherapy group with no significant difference,but improvement of clinical symptoms and physical strength in Chinese medicine group and chemotherapy plus Chinese medicine group after treatment was significantly superior to that in chemotherapy group(both P

11.0 mmol/L).Perioperative decontamination in digestive tract was a protective factor in the prevention of bacterial infection.Conclusion Bacterial infection is one of the most severe complications after OLT.Therefore,it is very important to remove those risk factors,make early diag- nosis and take effective treatment.