Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Percu Twist (PT) tracheostomy comparing with that of operative tracheostomy(OT)in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods Related data were retrieved from CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,PubMed,EMBASE,CENTRAL,and Web of Science from the time of their establishment to May 15th 2014,and the data of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)concerning PT and OT were selected. The risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Meta analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 12 RCTs were identified,and 893 patients in ICU were involved. The results of Meta-analysis showed that PT could significantly shorten the operation time〔mean difference (MD)=-15.11,95% confidence interval(95%CI)=-17.14 to -13.07,P<0.000 01〕,reduce the volume of blood loss(MD=-17.59,95%CI=-21.90 to-13.28,P<0.000 01),reduce the size of incision(MD=-2.20, 95%CI=-2.57 to -1.82,P<0.000 01),shor ten the time of healing(MD=-3.60,95%CI=-4.15 to -3.05, P<0.000 01),and reduce complications such as infection of the wound〔odds ratio(OR)=0.20,95%CI=0.10-0.44,P<0.000 1〕and cutaneous emphysema/mediastinal emphysema(OR=0.22,95%CI=0.10-0.47,P<0.000 1)compared with OT group. The funnel plot suggested that publication bias might be found among 12 researches. Conclusions PT was shown to be more effective than OT in ICU with lower incidence of complications. As number of RCT cases is still small with unsatis factory quality,further clinical use is warranted for a better assessment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of cortical SCF/KIT system at different blood glucose level in mice.

METHODS27 male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, diabetes group, and diabetes plus insulin group. The diabetic mice were induced by streptozotocin. Western-blot and double-immunofluorescence histochemistry were used to detect the expression of SCF and KIT.

RESULTSBoth methods indicate that the level of S-SCF and M-SCF were decreased significantly in the diabetes group, and this trend can be reversed effectively when the insulin was utilized.

CONCLUSIONThe decline of SCF might be one of underlying mechanisms of diabetic encephalopathy.

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; physiology ; Insulin ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Stem Cell Factor ; metabolism

Platelets are one of essential components of mammalian blood and play an important role in physiological and pathological reactions such as hemostasis, inflammatory response, thrombosis and rejection of organ transplantation. Platelet activation signal is the main physiological transmission mechanism that activates and induces platelets to play a physiological role, which has been the research focus in the field of physiological research in recent years. In this paper, we reviewed the new mechanisms of adhesion receptor-mediated calcium elevation, the new ideas of platelet activation mediated by pattern recognition receptors, and the new concept in platelet cGMP signaling and some other new researches.

Road traffic injuries have become a major social issue. With the development of technology, legislation and safety consciousness, the fatal rate of brain and chest injuries has been declined. However, as to prevent foot and ankle injuries of occupants still no effectual protective devices have been developed. In this paper, research progress on foot and ankle injuries of occupants was reviewed, which found out that most of such injuries in the frontal motor vehicle crashes occurred more easily to the drivers, which was possibly due to the special loading on their lower extremity during braking. Although there still exists a continuing debate about taxonomy of the frontal motor vehicle crashes, researchers have approached unified understanding that foot and ankle injuries are usually caused in the real-world narrow object frontal crashes. Until now, studies on foot and ankle injury and its protective mechanisms in various types of crashes are rarely conducted. A combination of the in-vitro experiment and computational modeling would be an ideal method to solve this issue.

Objective To investigate the biomechanical effects of micro-implant anchorage for en-masse retraction of the maxillary dentition with different curves of archwires.Methods The mobile trends were calculated when the curve of archwires were 5°,10°,15° on the basis of 3D finite element model.Results With the curve of archwire increasing from 5° to 15°,the torque in anterior teeth and posterior teeth increased gradually,and the intruding effect of anterior teeth and the extruding effect of posterior teeth increased gradually.Conclusions The torque of teeth could be changed effectively with different curve of archwires.The reverse-curve arch wire was suitable for correcting deep overbite caused by over developed anterior alveolar bone.According to the position of posterior teeth,the appropriate curve of archwires should be selected when the implant anchorage was used to retract the whole dentition.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of casein kinase I gamma 2 (CSNK1G2) gene and children with familial febrile convulsions.

METHODSThe study samples were collected from unrelated Chinese Han population of Hebei province, including a cohort of 53 children with familial febrile convulsions(FC) and a control cohort of 101 individuals. Genotypes of SNPs rs2074882, rs740423, rs2277737, rs4806825, rs1059684 were typed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

RESULTSThe frequencies of the five SNPs complied well with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in FC group and normal group. The distribution of genotype and frequencies of alleles of the SNPs rs740423, rs2277737, rs1059684 in familial febrile convulsions group was significantly different from that in control group. No significant difference was observed in the distribution of genotypes and frequencies of alleles at SNP rs2074882 between two groups. Analysis on rs4806825 was not made owing to its less allele frequency.

CONCLUSIONThese data indicate that SNPs rs740423, rs2277737, rs1059684 of CSNK1G2 gene may contribute to familial febrile convulsions in children.

Casein Kinase I ; genetics ; Child, Preschool ; Family Health ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Seizures, Febrile ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of 6 children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and review related literature, and to provide a basis for early diagnosis and effective treatment of this disease.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 6 children with DMD who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to October 2015.

RESULTSAll the 6 cases were boys without a family history of DMD, and the age of diagnosis of DMD was 1.2-11.5 years. All patients had insidious onset and increases in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB, particularly CK, which was 3.3-107.2 times the normal level. Their gene detection results all showed DMD gene mutation. The gene detection results of two children's mothers showed that they carried the same mutant gene. The muscle biopsy in one case showed that the pathological changes confirmed the diagnosis of DMD. The level of CK in one case declined by 77.0% 5 days after umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSFor boys with abnormal serum enzyme levels and motor function, DMD should be highly suspected. It should be confirmed by CK and DMD gene detection as soon as possible. And the progression of the disease could be delayed by early intervention for protecting the remaining normal muscle fibers.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Creatine Kinase ; genetics ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with colorectal cancer (DCRC). Methods A case?control study was conducted. Inclusion criteria: (1) hospitalized patients receiving fibrocolonoscopy; (2) adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma diagnosed by pathology; (3) with preoperative cTNM clinical staging; (4) colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment; (5) with postoperative pTNM staging; (6) no smoking or drinking habits. Exclusion criteria: (1) familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP); (2) Lynch syndrome; (3) carcinoma of anal canal and perianal carcinoma; (4) multiple primary cancer; (5) with serious cardiocerebrovascular diseases or multiple organ failure. Clinicopathlogical data of 32 DCRC patients who were diagnosed and treated in Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Forty nondiabetic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients during the same period were selected as control group according to the sex ratio and the age difference less than 5 years. Student′s t test and χ2 test were used to compare the difference between the two groups in baseline clinicopathological data, clinical test results, tumor markers and infiltration status of T cells in tumor immune microenvironment. Results Among 32 DCRC patients, 24 were males and 8 were females with a mean age of (63.0±1.7) years; among 40 CRC patients, 30 were males and 10 were females with a mean age of (60.5 ± 1.6) years. The duration of diabetes mellitus in DCRC patients (from the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer) was (9.2±1.3) years. The body mass index (BMI) of DCRC group was significantly higher than that of CRC group [(24.8±0.6) kg/m2 vs. (23.2±0.4) kg/m2, t=2.372, P=0.020]. There were no significant differences in other baseline data (sex, age, primary site of tumor, R0 resection rate, pathological stage, pathological type, differentiation degree of tumor, preoperative intestinal obstruction) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Serum triglyceride level in DCRC group was higher than that in CRC group [(2.1 ± 0.2) mmol/L vs. (1.5 ± 0.1) mmol/L, t=3.085, P=0.003], while hemoglobin [(120.3±5.2) g/L vs. (132.7±2.8) g/L, t=-2.224, P=0.029], anti? thrombin III [(94.2±3.7)% vs. (103.5±2.4)%, t=-2.197, P=0.031], and red blood cell count [(4.2±0.1)×1012/L vs. (4.5±0.1)×1012L, t=-2.055, P=0.044] were all lower than those in CRC group. The preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in DCRC group was higher than that in CRC group [(50.3±21.8) μg/L vs. (5.6±1.0) μg/L, t=2.339, P=0.022]. There were no significant differences in preoperative levels of other four tumor molecular markers (CA199, CA242, CA724 and CA125) between the two groups (all P>0.05). The expression of Foxp3 [specific markers of CD4+, CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg)] in DCRC group was higher than that in CRC group [(82.7±6.2) cell/ HPF vs. (62.6±4.9) cell/HPF, t=2.586, P=0.012]. There were no significant differences in the infiltration of CD4, CD8, PD?1 and PD?L1 positive cells between two groups (all P>0.05).Conclusions The average diabetic history of DCRC patients is nearly 10 years. They have higher BMI and serum CEA level, and more Treg cell infiltration in the tumor. Close attention should be paid to these patients in clinical practice.

To a certain extent, put forward the concept of " component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)" simplifies the complexity of multi-component and multi-target of TCM, which provides a possibility for the clarification of the material basis of the efficacy of TCM, and also provides a new direction for promoting the modernization and industrialization of TCM, promots the high quality development of TCM. The correlation between prescription and disease syndrome has made rapid progress, both basic research and clinical application are fruitful. However, the correlation between components and disease syndrome still needs to be further studied. The syndrome of blood stasis is a common syndrome of TCM science, and it is more common in various diseases, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, kidney disease, diabetes and hyperlipoidemia. A large number of studies have shown that some specific components contained in TCM or TCM compound can improve the related indexes of patients or experimental animal model with blood stasis syndrome. It is manifested in reducing blood viscosity, inhibiting platelet activation and adhesion aggregation, changing erythrocyte deformability index, inhibiting thrombosis and so on. Blood stasis is not only the pathogenic factor of many diseases, but also the pathological product of many kinds of diseases, which involves a wide range of diseases. Therefore, this study will study the progress of different components of TCM in the prevention and treatment of blood stasis syndrome, focusing on saponins, flavonoids, organic acids, polysaccharides, alkaloids and other active components in improving hemorheological abnormalities, hypercoagulability, platelet activation and adhesion aggregation, thrombosis. Based on the thought of component-disease syndrome, this paper searches the relevant literature in recent 20 years, classifies and summarizes the achievements of different components in the prevention and treatment of blood stasis syndrome, and hopes to provide some ideas for the further study of the pharmacological action of TCM components, the study of compatibility of TCM components and the research of TCM components.

Humans ; Ependymoma/pathology* ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1/metabolism*