OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at different time-points on postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS: Eighty patients with colorectal cancer undergoing laparotomy were randomly assigned to intravenous anesthesia, EA A, EA B, and EA C groups (n＝20 cases in each group). All the patients in the four groups received intravenous anesthesia with midazolam, sufentanil, cisatracurium besylate and Propofol, postoperative gastrointestinal decompression and drug analgesia. EA (2－3 mA, 2 Hz) was applied to Zhongwan (CV 12) and Tianshu (ST 25), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Xiajuxu (ST 39) on the right side for 30 min, once (one day before surgery) in the EA A group, twice (one day and 30 min before surgery) in the EA B group, and 3 times (one day, 30 min before and one day after surgery) in the EA C group. The acupoints used after surgery were PC 6, ST 36, ST 37 and ST 39. The time of postoperative ventilation, defecation, food-intake and water drinking, stomach tube removal and abdominal drainage tube removal, the volumes of stomach tube drainage and abdominal drainage, and postoperative adverse reactions were recorded. RESULTS: The first ventilation time, after surgery in the EA C group was significantly earlier than those in the intravenous anesthesia, EA A and EA B groups (P<0.05); and the water intake and abdomicnal drainage tube removal time after surgery in the EA C group were significantly earlier than those in the intravenous anesthesia group (P<0.05). No significant differences were found among the 4 groups in the time of defecation, food intake, stomach tube removal, stomach tube drainage and abdominal drainage volumes, and numbers of patients with nausea, vomiting, fever and other adverse reactions (P>0.05)．. CONCLUSION: EA treatment combined with intravenous anesthesia conducted before and after surgery is effective in promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing colorectal cancer laparotomy, and is obviously better than simple pre-operative EA.

Objective To analyze the change in transmissibility of novel coronavirus pneumonia and predict the trend of the incidence, and to provide a reference for the government to better respond to the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic. Methods The EpiEstimof R language software was used to estimate the change of effective basic reproduction number, and the Richards model was run by Matlab7.0 software to fit the cumulative number of confirmed cases and the number of suspected cases. The coefficient of determination and root mean squared error were used to evaluate the fitting effect of the model. Results A total of 75 confirmed cases and 107 suspected cases were reported in Ningxia. The strict implementation of various prevention and control measures gradually reduced the effective basic reproduction number from 3.82 to less than 1, indicating that the epidemic was under control. The Richards model was used to fit the cumulative confirmed cases and suspected cases, which revealed that the natural growth rates were 0.16 and 0.23, and the coefficients of determination were 0.991 and 0.998, respectively. Conclusion Combined with the effective basic reproduction number, the Richards model fitted the trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia, which can be used to predict the trend of incidence of new coronavirus pneumonia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method for uncertainty evaluation of determination of tin and its compounds in the air of workplace by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

METHODSThe national occupational health standards, GBZ/T160.28-2004 and JJF1059-1999, were used to build a mathematical model of determination of tin and its compounds in the air of workplace and to calculate the components of uncertainty.

RESULTSIn determination of tin and its compounds in the air of workplace using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, the uncertainty for the concentration of the standard solution, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, sample digestion, parallel determination, least square fitting of the calibration curve, and sample collection was 0.436%, 0.13%, 1.07%, 1.65%, 3.05%, and 2.89%, respectively. The combined uncertainty was 9.3%.The concentration of tin in the test sample was 0.132 mg/m³, and the expanded uncertainty for the measurement was 0.012 mg/m³ (K=2).

CONCLUSIONThe dominant uncertainty for determination of tin and its compounds in the air of workplace comes from least squares fitting of the calibration curve and sample collection. Quality control should be improved in the process of calibration curve fitting and sample collection.

Objective: We aimed to predict the possible mechanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by integrating and analyzing mRNA sequencing results from two datasets and to provide direction for future studies into the pathogenesis of OCD. Methods: Two OCD datasets, GSE78104 and GSE60190, were obtained, and the intersection of the two gene sets with differential expression in OCD samples was selected. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signal pathway enrichment and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) online analysis website for the genes at the intersection, and the data were mapped using http://www.bioinformatics.com.cn. After genes with p≤0.05 had been screened out, protein-protein interaction (PPI) interaction analysis was conducted using Metascape to screen the key Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) genes. MCODE genes were then enriched using the KEGG signaling pathway and GO classification. Results: A total of 3,449 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the GSE78104 and GSE60190 datasets. KEGG, GO, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis analyses of DEGs showed that the onset of OCD was related to oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic processes, which may have a similar pathogenesis to other neurodegenerative diseases. Single-gene PPI analysis of SAPAP3 revealed that the mechanism by which SAPAP3 knockout induces OCD may also be caused by affecting oxidative phosphorylation. Conclusion The mechanism of SAPAP3 knockout-induced OCD in mice may be due to the oxidative phosphorylation process in the body. Future studies on the neural circuit mechanism of OCD should be conducted.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. A novel Chinese medicine formula-01 (NCHF-01) has shown significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of NSCLC, but the mechanism of this formula in the treatment of NSCLC is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of NCHF-01 in inhibiting NSCLC. METHODS: Lewis lung cells (LLC) tumor bearing mice were established to detect the tumor inhibitory effect of NCHF-01. The morphological changes of tissues and organs in LLC tumor-bearing mice were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. NSCLC cells were treated by NCHF-01. The effects of cell viability and proliferation were detected by MTT and crystal violet staining experiment. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism of its inhibitory effect of NSCLC. Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression of related proteins. RESULTS: NCHF-01 can inhibit tumor growth in LLC tumor-bearing mice, and has no obvious side effects on other tissues and organs. NCHF-01 could inhibit cell viability and proliferation, induce G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis, and promote the increase of ROS level. Network pharmacological analysis showed that NCHF-01 exerts anti-NSCLC effects through various biological processes such as oxidative stress and central carbon metabolism. NCHF-01 can reduce the protein expression and enzyme activity of the key enzymes 6-phosphate glucose dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). CONCLUSIONS NCHF-01 can inhibit NSCLC through oxidative stress dependent on the PPP.
Animals ; Mice ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology* ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pentose Phosphate Pathway ; Oxidative Stress ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Apoptosis

Aim To investigate the protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine ( TMP ) on cerebral ischemia/reper¬fusion ( I/R) injury in diabetes mellitus ( DM ) rats based on full-length transcriptome sequencing tech¬nique and the underlying mechanism. Methods The rat model of DM was induced by intraperitoneal injec- tion of streptozotocin (STZ,50 mg • kg" ) . The global cerebral I/R model of rats was established by double vessel occlusion (2-VO) for 10 min and reperfusion for 16 h. TMP (40 mg • kg ) was injected intraperitone-ally every day. Brain water content detection, HE stai¬ning, Nissl staining and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of TMP on cerebral I/R injury in DM rats. The differentially expressed genes were screened by full-length transcriptome se¬quencing. The possible candidate genes and metabolic pathways of TMP for cerebral ischemia protection in DM rats were screened by functional annotation and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, and verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results TMP treatment could reduce the degree of brain edema, increase the number of Nissl bodies and neurons, and significantly reduce cell necrosis and apoptosis after cerebral I/R in DM rats. GO enrichment analysis showed that the dif¬ferentially expressed genes after TMP treatment were mainly enriched in biological functions such as inflam¬matory response, transcription factor complex, growth factor activity and so on. KEGG pathway analysis showed that it was mainly concentrated in apoptosis, Toll-like receptor and other signaling pathways. Among them TMP down-regulated genes included TLR2, MyD88, IL-lp, Caspase-3, etc. The results of RT-qPCR and Western blot confirmed that TMP could down-regulate TLR2, MyD88, NF-KB, IL-10, IL-6 and Caspase-3 , and up-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2. Conclusions TMP may amelio¬rate neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting inflammatory re¬sponse, which improves cerebral I/R injury in DM rats, and the pathway may be TLR2/MyD88/NF-KB signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) in gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the protein expression of MAP2K1 in gastric cancertissues and cells. The morphology and the expression position of MAP2K1 were observed by immunofluorescence. MAP2K1 mRNA expression in gastric cancer tissues was analyzed by data mining of Starbase database and Oneomine database. The correlation between MAP2K1 mRNA expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed by UALCAN database. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier-Plotter online analysis tools. GEPIA2 database mining the relationship between MAP2K1 and gastric cancer stem cell related factors and drug resistance related factors. Results Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting showed that MAP2K1 protein was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells, and MAP2K1 was expressed in the cytoplasm of gastric cancer. According to the analysis of various databases, the expression of MAP2K1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissue was higher than that in normal gastric tissue, and the expression of MAP2K1 mRNA was closely related to gastric cancer stage, grade, lymph node metastasis and patient gender, and the overall survival rate of gastric cancer patients in the group with high MAP2K1 mRNA expression was significantly lower than that in the group with low MAP2K1 mRNA expression, which may be related to the characteristics of gastric cancer stem cells and drug resistance. Conclusion MAP2K1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer, and its expression level may affect the poor prognosis of patients by regulating stem cell related factors and drug resistance related factors. MAP2K1 may be a new diagnostic marker to determine the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Aim To study the expression of microRNA(miR-34c-5p)in gastric cancer tissues and the mechanism of regulating the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Methods The expression of miR-34c-5p mRNA in human gastric cancer tissues and cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR). An overexpression model of miR-34c-5p was constructed in human gastric cancer cells. The transfection of lentivirus was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope, and the transfection efficiency was verified by RT-qPCR. Scratch test and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of overexpression of miR-34c-5p on invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of MAP2K1, E-Cadherin and Vimentin in gastric cancer cells of each group. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to detect whether MAP2K1 was a target gene of miR-34c-5p. Results The expression of miR-34c-5p mRNA in 10 human gastric cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues(P<0.05). The expression of miR-34c-5p mRNA in gastric cancer HGC-27 cell was significantly lower than that in normal gastric mucosa GES-1 cell(P<0.01). Compared with blank control group and miR-34c-5p-NC group, miR-34c-5pmimics group significantly increased its miR-34c-5p mRNA expression level(P<0.05). The results of scratch test and Transwell experiment showed that overexpression of miR-34c-5p significantly inhibited the migration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells(P<0.05, P<0.01). Western blot results showed that the protein expression levels of MAP2K1 and Vimentin significantly decreased and E-Cadherin markedly increased in gastric cancer HGC-27 cells after overexpression of miR-34c-5p(P<0.05). In addition, compared with mimic-NC+miR-34c-5p-mimics group, the lucifase activity of pmiR-MAP2K1-WT plasmid decreased(P<0.01), while the lucifase activity of pmiR-MAP2K1-MUT plasmid was not changed. Conclusions The low expression of miR-34c-5p in gastric cancer tissues and cells may inhibit the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells through targeted regulation of MAP2K1 expression.

To further study and fully exploit the medicinal plant Sophora alopecuroides, the molecular markers related with the phenotypic traits of alkaloid content in S. alopecuroides should be detected. In this study, SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 23 S. alopecuroides populations, in combination with the association analysis between molecular markers and the alkaloid contents. The results showed that P, H, I, G_(st) and N_m values were 40.10%, 0.335 3, 0.504 5, 0.433 7 and 0.625 9 respectively, in 23 S. alopecuroides populations. This indicated that there was less gene exchange and higher genetic differentiation among different S. alopecuroides populations. The results of SSR unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA) cluster showed that the S. alopecuroides populations relationship from Xinjiang was far from the populations of other regions, but the populations of S. alopecuroides from Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Qinghai were closely relevant to those from Ningxia. The 23 populations were further divided into 2 genetic subpopulations by the population structure analysis. Through association analysis, a total of 26 loci in 13 SSR markers were found to be significantly associated(P<0.005)with the content of MA, OMA, SC and OSC, and the rate of explanation on the phenotype variance of related markers ranged from 36.45% to 77.93%. Among the locus, 1 each were related with MA and OSC content at interpretation rate reached as high as 50% with high threshold(P<0.000 1). These results could provide support for the discovery of important genes in the alkaloid biosynthetic and metabolic pathway of S. alopecuroides.
Alkaloids ; China ; Genetic Variation ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Phenotype ; Plants, Medicinal ; Sophora ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in patients with relapsed and refractory malignant lymphoma. Methods The clinical data of 10 patients (6 males and 4 females) with relapsed (4 cases) and refractory (6 cases) malignant lymphomas who received AHSCT in General Hospital of Jinan Military Command from August 2011 to June 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The median age was 34 years (20 ˉ50 years); 5 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma, 5 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Before transplantation, all patients received several courses of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. High dose of cytoxan combined with G-CSF were used to mobilize peripheral hematopoietic stem cell, and preconditioning regimen included BEAM, CBV or TBI. Results The median mononuclear cell of 10 patients was 7.385 × 108/kg. Complete remission was achieved in 8 patients after transplantation, and 2 cases relapsed. Median follow-up time was 18 months (20ˉ50 months). The overall survival rate and disease-free survival rate both were 80%(8/10). All patients had nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, oral mucositis and other adverse reactions, which could be tolerated. Conclusion ASHCT is an effective and safe method for treatment of relapsed and refractory malignant lymphomas.