The effects of Chong Cao on plasma lipids in normal, stress and hyperlipidemia rats were examined. Administration of Chong Cao caused significant lowering in plasma TG, TC, LDL-C VLDL-C and incrcase in plasma HDL-C and HDL-C/TC ratio in normal rats. Chong Cao is associated with an increase of LPL activity. Administration of thyroxine, nor-adrenaline and Chong Cao caused significant lowering in plasma TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C and increase in plasma HDL-C/TC ratio in stress rats. Chong Cao caused significant lowering in Plasma TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, microstickiness of red blood cell membrane and increase in plasma HDL-C and HDL-C/TC ratio in hyperlipidemia rats.

In 100 cases studied,all specimens show the presence of a superior thyroid artery,and 99% of them are with comitans vein.Nineteen percent of the specimens are found with no inferior thyroid artery on one side.The frequency of the appearance thyroidea ima is about 10%.Fifty eight percent of the specimens show a middle thyroid veins wich is directly joining the anterior wall of the internal jugular vein.Fifty five per- cent of the inferior thyroid vein are double-trunked.Detail data of the arising point and passage of the main vessels of the thyroid gland have been collected to serve as a guide for surgical operation.

The morphology,location,capsules and ligaments of 100 cases of thyroid glands have been carefully observed.The variation of the accessory thyroid glands and the levators of thyroid glands are described in detail.Among the 250 cases studied,the morphological types of thyroid glands of the Chinese are as follows: a.Basic pattern,two lateral lobes connected with isthmus(37.6%). b.Same as type “a”,but with one extra pyramidal process(55.6%). c.With no isthmus(2.8%). d.With no isthmus,but there is a pyramidal process on both lateral lobes(2.8%). e.A new pattern is found which has not yet been mentioned in textbooks:-3 cases with two lateral lobes connected with isthmus,but eath lobe having an extra pyramidal process(1.2%).

The knowledge of the location of the parathyroid glands is valuable in the parathyroidectomy and subtotal thyroidectomy. 319 parathyroid glands have been found in 100 cases. 80% of the parathyroid glands are situated in tile normal yet concealed position: the upper pair, above the mid of the posterior margin of the lateral lobe of the thyroid gland, while the lower pair, near the inferior 1/3 of the posterior margin of the lateral lobe. They all lie in the space between the proper capsula and fascia sheath of the thyroid gland.In subtotal thyroidectomy, the posterior part of the lateral lobe is usually preserved, it aims to protect the parathyroid gland, and is an effective procedure to prevent the injury of the recurrent nerve. Morever, it is most important to preserve the fat and loose connective tissue near the lateral lobe of the proper capsule, in order to avoid the excission of the parathyroid glands on abnormal locations (16%). In procedure of the operation on parathyroidoma or hyperparathyroidism, the first thing is to examine the condition of the lower pair parathyroid glands, which usually lie near or below the lower end of the lateral lobe and on the both sides of trachea. If the lower pair of parathyroid glands is identified to be pathological in nature, then the examination of the other pair can be performed on routine. 4% of the lower pair of the parathyroid glands are found on the both sides of trachea.A clear standard statistical diagram of the location of the parathyroid gland has been designed in this study.

The external laryngeal nerve is present in all 100 cases studied. It lies closely to the posterior of the superior thyroid vessels, and they are wrapped in a common neurovascular sheath. When operating the superior polar of the lateral lobe, it is necessary to seperate the vessels from the nerve, and then tie the superior thyroid vessels selectively on the upper polar of the lateral lobe in order to avoid injury of the external laryngeal nerve.Statistical studies of different types of the topographic relation between the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery have been made. A topographic anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is discussed in detail, and suggestions on avoiding its injury during surgical operations have also been made on anatomical bases.It is observed that abnormal passage of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve caused, by the retro-esophageal right subclavian artery is 1%.

Various types of adverse drug reactions (ADR) and deaths elicited by patent drugs and nyections of herbal medicines which were reported in Chinese literature were reviewed and analyzed. ADR characteristic figure was employed for the study. It is emphasized that an objective and correct evaluation of safety of herbal medicines is an important subject of clinical pharmacology in the field of traditional Chinese medicne.

OBJECTIVE To investigate systematically the existence of bactericidal/permeability increasing protein(BPI) in normal rat organs and tissues,for providing important information about BPI in clinical application.METHODS The total RNA was extracted from organs and tissues homogenates.Then the first-strand cDNA was synthesized and BPI DNA was amplified by PCR.RESULTS BPI mRNA was found in kidneys,ovary,testes,liver,small intestine,large intestine,thymus,spleen and neutrophils of 21 various organs and tissues.Among them,BPI mRNA content was the richest in testes,relatively rich in liver and large intestine.CONCLUSIONS BPI mRNA presents in many organs and tissues of rat and it indicates that the role of BPI in host defense against bacterial infection is relatively widespread.

A specific and sensitive GC - MS method for assaying Borneol in the serum of rats medicated orally with compound Danshen dropping pill was developed. Naphthalene was used as the internal standard, the dectection was performed by SIM. The calibration curve was linear in the range from 0.00505 to 40. 1 ?g/mL, the detectable limit of this method was 1 ng/mL. The extraction recovery of Borneol was 72.82% - 86.77%. The RSD of within - day and day - to - day was less than 2.76% and 1.93% respectively. The results showed that this method was simple, sensitive, accurate and good reproducibility , and can be used in further pharmacokinetic study of Borneol in danshen Dropping pill.

Objective To establish a method for determinin g the content of ginsenoside Rg 1 and Rb 1 and notoginsenoside R 1 in Radix Notoginseng.Methods HPLC /ELSD with solid phase extraction(SPE)was applied.The chromatographic conditions were:Hypersil amino -column (200mm ?4.0mm,5?m),acetonitrile -isopropanol -ammon ium acetate(75∶20∶5;acetic acid adjusted pH to5.0)as mobile phrase,flow rate at 0.6mL?min -1 ,column temperature at room temperature,ELSD nebulization at 55℃and flow rate of nitrogen at 2.3L?min -1 Results The linear range of ginseno-side Rg 1 and Rb 1 ,notoginsenoside R 1 was from 1.0to 10.0?g .The average recoveries were 95.5%～102.5%.The inter -day RSD and intra -day were less than 2%and 4%respectively.Conclusion The method is simple and accu-rate,and can be used for the quality contro l of Radix Notoginseng and its preparations.

Objective To extract and separate crude gingerols and to determine the content of [6]-gingerol in crude gingerols.Methods Crude gingerols were separated from the ginger supercritical-CO2 extracts by silica gel dry column chromatography with solvent system of diethyl ether-n-hexane(7:3).The content of [6]-gingerol in crude gingerols was determined by HPLC.Results [6]-gingerol content in the prepared crude gingerols by silica gel dry column chromatography arrived 52.87 %(m/m).[6]-gingerol had a good linearity in the range of 0.512～ 3.075 ? g,r=0.999 9,and the average recovery was 99.19 %,RSD=1.58 % .Conclusion Silica gel dry column chromatography can be used to quickly,effectively prepare crude gingerols,in which [6]-gingerol content is high,and can supply enough material for further research.The liquid chromatographic analysis of [6]-gingerol is simple,reliable,reproducible and can be used for the quality control of crude gingerols.