It is generally accepted that Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are primarily found in the genitourinary tract and rarely enter the tissues and bloodstream. In recent years，cases of extra-genitourinary system infections caused by Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum have been increasing with a trend of multi-drug resistance，while detection and diagnosis are difficult，leading to treatment delay clinically. This article reviews the latest research progress on the pathogenic characteristics，laboratory diagnosis，infection types，and treatment options of extra-genitourinary system infections caused by Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum，in order to provide reference for etiological diagnosis and treatment of the infection.