Objective To explore metabolic characteristics of and risk factors for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods One hundred and forty-two cases of newly diagnosed T2DM were divided into two groups according to whether they have comorbid NAFLD:group A (without NAFLD,n =79) and group B (combined with NAFLD,n =63).Data collected included body height,body weight,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),blood lipid,serum uric acid (UA),HbA1c and fasting insulin,body mass index and insulin resistance index with homeostasis model(HOMA-IR) were calculated to compare the clinical and biochemical parameters between groups A and B.Results (1) The difference of age and blood pressure between groups A and B were not statistical different (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group A,BMI ((26.79 ± 1.93) kg/m2 vs (24.61 ± 2.46) kg/m2,t =5.76),FINS((15.49±2.44) mU/L vs (13.20±2.17) mU/L),t =5.91),HOMA-IR((6.74± 1.32) vs (5.65 ±1.10),t =5.37),glycerin trimyristate (TG) ((2.94 ± 0.65) mmol/L vs (1.74 ± 0.46) mmol/L),t =12.86),low density lipoprotein cholesterin (LDL-C) ((3.46 ±0.73) mmol/L vs (2.78 ±0.86) mmol/L,t =5.07) and UA((342.41 ±71.49) mmol/L vs (312.98 ±66.24) mmol/L,t =2.54) were significantly higherand hight density lipoprotein cholesterin (HDL-C) ((0.99 ± 0.17) mmol/L vs (1.21 ± 0.29) mmol/L,t =5.33) was significantly lower in group B (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Using whether to combined with NAFLD as dependent variable,and BMI,FINS,HOMA-IR,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C and UA as independent variable,logistics regression analysis showed that BMI,HOMA-IR and TG were risk factors for NAFLD(OR =2.838,19.241,and 2.019 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with NAFLD have more obvious dyslipidemia and insulin resistance.Obesity,insulin resistance,hyper-triglyceridemia are risk factors for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with NAFLD.

In this study, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect coxsakie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression. Both localization and quantity were evaluated in the uteri obtained at days post coitus (dpc) 2.5, 4.5, 6.5, 8.5. Outcome of PCR was assessed by 2(-ΔΔCt) method. Image Pro-Plus 6.0 software was used for quantifying mean density of CAR expression in immunohistochemical sections. We found relatively weak CAR expression in the mouse uteri during implantation window. PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed highest CAR expression was detected on dpc 2.5 followed by down-regulation of CAR at dpc 4.5 and 6.5 (with significant difference). At dpc 8.5, CAR expression was increased slightly again. It is concluded that during implantation, the expression of CAR mRNA and protein is declined, resulting in the impairment of tight junction between cavity epithelium cells. After implantation window closure, CAR appears again to maintain epithelium stability. CAR might play an important role during embryo implantation procedure.

BACKGROUND:Whether controling of post-injury inflammatory response combined with neural stem cel (NSC) transplantation can improve the curative efficacy for spinal cord injury stil remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the repair of spinal cord tissue, myelin regeneration, axon regeneration, motor function recovery and the possible mechanism after early application of tumor necrosis factor α antagonist (Etanercept) combined with tyrosine kinase C (TrkC) gene-modified NSC transplantation. METHODS:TrkC-overexpressed NSCs (TrkC-NSCs) were constructed by lentiviral transfection technique. The rat models of spinal cord transection injury were prepared, and then subjected to Etanercept combined with TrkC-NSCs transplantation. The number of neurons and neuroregeneration after injury were measured by Nissl's staining, immunofluorescence and western blot. The rat motor function was detected by Basso Beattie Bresnahan score and evoked potential. The myelin regeneration was detected by electron microscopy and toluidine blue staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the other groups, the Etanercept combined with TrkC-NSCs transplantation group had more survived anterior horn motor neurons at 28 days after injury, more myelin-encapsulated axons, higher Basso Beattie Bresnahan score, greater amplitude of the evoked potentials, and relatively shorter latency (alP < 0.05). These findings indicate that early application of tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist combined with TrkC-NSCs transplantation after spinal cord injury in rats can effectively promote myelin regeneration, axon regeneration, and further promote motor function recovery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of timing it right family support program-based care on patients′ uncertainty in illness and relatives care ability of acute myocardial infarction patients with percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention treatment, and to provide reference for family continuous care of such patients.Methods:A total of 88 patients and relatives admitted to the department of cardiology in Hebei People′s Hospital from March 2018 to May 2019 were randomly divided into intervention group (44 cases) and control group (44 cases). The control group received routine care, while the intervention group received timing it right family support program based on the routine care. Two groups were given follow-up for 6 months, the patients′ uncertainty in illness and relatives care burden and care ability were compared between two groups.Results:3 months, 6 months after discharge, the ambiguity, unpredictability and total uncertainty in illness scores were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group [(17.89±3.67), (14.56±3.15), (11.82±1.68), (10.31±1.62), (43.21±4.71), (38.31±4.19) vs. (19.83±3.43), (16.85±2.56), (13.29±2.37), (11.90±2.26), (47.34±5.58), (42.24±3.89)], the differences were statically significant ( t value was 2.435-4.351, P<0.05). At discharge and 3 months, 6 months after discharge, the scores of sociability burden were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group [(4.49±0.99), (3.59±0.79), (2.92±0.35) vs. (5.14±1.22), (3.98±0.82), (3.61±0.67)]; 3 months and 6 months after discharge, the scores of time-depending burden and total burden scores were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group [(12.79±2.50), (10.51±3.08), (37.31±4.22), (31.72±3.39) vs. (14.61±2.86), (13.32±3.09), (40.34±3.97), (36.19±3.27)]; 6 months after discharge, the scores of development-limited burden were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group [(7.36±1.11) vs. (8.07±1.31)], the differences were statically significant ( t value was 2.146-6.020, P<0.05). At discharge and 3 months, 6 months after discharge, the scores of learning to cope with new role, providing care according to care-receiver`s needs, managing own emotional needs, appraising supportive resources balancing care-giving needs and own needs and total care ability scores were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group, the differences were statically significant ( t value was 4.957-25.242, P<0.01). Conclusion:Timing it right family support program can alleviate patients′ uncertainty in illness and improve relatives care abilily of acute myocardial infarction patients with percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention treatment.

Objective To evaluate the range of motion of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma during preoperative radiotherapy.Methods Fourteen consecutive patients who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy for GEJ adenocarcinoma were included in this study.Fiducial markers were placed on the upper and lower edges of and around the primary tumor under a gastroscope.Eight patients underwent four-dimensional computed tomography to obtain 98 intrafractional images containing 8 fiducial markers at the GEJ.Twelve patients underwent cone-beam computed tomography at the 1 st to 5th,7th,12th,17th,and 22nd courses of radiotherapy to obtain 90 interfractional images.The paired t test was used for difference analysis.Results The intrafractional tumor displacements in left-right (LR),ventro-dorsal (VD),and cranio-caudal (CC) directions were 0.92±0.95 mm,2.27±2.73 mm,and 9.95±5.48 mm,respectively;the motion in CC direction was larger than that in LR or VD direction (P=0.000 or P=0.000);the motion in VD direction was larger than that in LR direction (P=0.000).The interfractional tumor displacements in LR,VD,and CC were 6.56±4.19 mm,5.69±3.29 mm,and 6.49±4.37 mm,respectively;the motion in LR or CC direction was larger than that in VD direction (P=0.031 or P=0.044);there was no significant difference between the motions in LR and CC directions (P=0.956).In order to ensure 95% of prescribed dose to at least 90% of the tumor volume,the margins from GEJ lesion in LR,VD,and CC directions were 19.4 mm,14.6 mm,and 27.2 mm,respectively,which could cover both intrafractional and interfractional tumor displacements during preoperative radiotherapy.Conclusions GEJ tumor has a wide range of movement in preoperative intra-and inter-fractional radiotherapy.This should be considered for precise radiotherapy,and a new method should be selected to limit tumor movement.

Objective:To observe heart rate circadian rhythm in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 and to analyze the effects of parathyroidectomy (PTX) on heart rate circadian rhythm in severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) patients.Methods:A cross-sectional observation was performed in 213 patients with CKD stage 5 and 96 controls, and the patients were divided into those with severe SHPT (PTX group, n=70) and without severe SHPT (non-PTX group, n=143). Forty-six PTX patients were followed up prospectively. The baseline data were compared among these groups. Holter electrocardiogram was performed for each participant. Non-dipping heart rate was defined as night/day heart rate ratio greater than 0.9. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of heart rate circadian rhythm in patients with CKD stage 5. Results:The 24-hour, daytime and nighttime mean heart rate in patients with CKD stage 5 were all higher than those in controls, especially in PTX group (all P<0.05). The night/day heart rate ratios of controls and CKD stage 5 patients were (0.81±0.08) and (0.91±0.08) respectively ( P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed 24-hour and daytime or nighttime mean heart rate in patients with CKD stage 5 were positively correlated with serum levels of phosphorus and ln(alkaline phosphatase), while nighttime mean heart rate and night/day heart rate ratio were positively related with serum intact parathyroid hormone level. After adjusting with postoperative follow-up period (median time: 10.9 months), 24-hour and nighttime mean heart rate, and night/day heart rate ratio in PTX patients all decreased significantly (all P<0.01). Conclusions:Heart rate is increased and circadian rhythm is abnormal in patients with CKD stage 5, which are related with mineral and bone disorder. PTX significantly decreases 24-hour and nighttime mean heart rate in severe SHPT patients, and improves the heart rate circadian rhythm.

In this study,real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect coxsakie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression.Both localization and quantity were evaluated in the uteri obtained at days post coitus (dpc) 2.5,4.5,6.5,8.5.Outcome of PCR was assessed by 2-△△Ct method.Image Pro-Plus 6.0 software was used for quantifying mean density of CAR expression in immunohistochemical sections.We found relatively weak CAR expression in the mouse uteri during implantation window.PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed highest CAR expression was detected on dpc 2.5 followed by down-regulation of CAR at dpc 4.5 and 6.5 (with significant difference).At dpc 8.5,CAR expression was increased slightly again.It is concluded that during implantation,the expression of CAR mRNA and protein is declined,resulting in the impairment of tight junction between cavity epithelium cells.After implantation window closure,CAR appears again to maintain epithelium stability.CAR might play an important role during embryo implantation procedure.

Objective To analyze the consistency between computer tomography angiography(CTA)and digital subtraction angiography(DSA)in evaluating the global limb anatomic staging system(GLASS)stage of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia(CLTI).Methods The clinical data of patients with CLTI,who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University of China to receive treatment between January 2017 and December 2020,were retrospectively analyzed.Taking the DSA assessment as the gold standard,the consistency of CTA and DSA in evaluating the GLASS stage of patients with CLTI was analyzed.Results In the assessment of GLASS stage of CLTI,CTA showed strong agreement with DSA.The weighted Kappa coefficient of CTA and DSA for the staging of femoropopliteal segment was 0.798(95％CI=0.722-0.873,P＜0.01),and the weighted Kappa coefficient of CTA and DSA for the staging of infrapopliteal artery segment was 0.785(95％ CI=0.725-0.845,P＜0.0l).For the overall staging of GLASS,the weighted Kappa coefficient of CTA and DSA was 0.832(95％ CI=0.752-0.91 1,P＜0.01).All the above results indicated that a very strong consistency existed between CTA and DSA in evaluating the GLASS stage of patients with CLTI.Conclusion CTA examination of lower limb can accurately evaluate GLASS score and stage of CLTI patient's target lesions,which is helpful in diagnosing lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusion disease as well as in assessing the technical difficulty degree of its revascularization operation.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,33:300-303)

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of abnormal heart rate circadian rhythm for all-cause mortality in stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD 5) patients.Methods:The retrospective study was performed in CKD 5 patients enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital) and the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from February, 2011 to December, 2019. A total of 159 healthy volunteers were enrolled as the healthy control group during the same period. The circadian rhythm of heart rate was monitored by 24-hour Holter. Related indices (including 24-hour, daytime and nighttime mean heart rate, night/day heart rate ratio, 24-hour maximum heart rate, 24-hour minimum heart rate and difference between maximum and minimum of 24-hour heart rate) were calculated. Non-dipping heart rate was defined as night/day heart rate ratio greater than 0.9. Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of all-cause mortality in CKD 5 patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test were used to compare the differences of cumulative mortality between high ratio group (night/day heart rate ratio>0.91) and low ratio group (night/day heart rate ratio≤0.91). The nonlinear relationship between night/day heart rate ratio and all-cause mortality was analyzed by restricted cubic spline plot. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of night/day heart rate ratio for all-cause mortality in CKD 5 patients.Results:A total of 159 healthy volunteers and 221 CKD 5 patients were included in this study. There were 123 males (55.66%) and the age was (52.72±13.13) years old in CKD 5 patients. The total median follow-up time was 50.0 months. Compared with controls, 24-hour, nighttime mean heart rate, 24-hour minimum heart rate in CKD 5 patients were increased (all P<0.05), furthermore, the night/day heart rate ratio was higher [(0.91±0.09) vs (0.81±0.08), P<0.001], showing "non-dipping heart rate". However, the 24-hour maximum heart rate and the difference between maximum and minimum of 24-hour heart rate in CKD 5 patients were lower than controls (both P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the increased night/day heart rate ratio (per 0.1 increase, HR=1.557, 95% CI 1.073-2.258, P=0.020) was an independent influencing factor for all-cause mortality in CKD 5 patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the cumulative mortality of the high ratio group was significantly increased than that of the low ratio group (Log-rank test χ 2=7.232, P=0.007). From the restricted cubic spline plot, there was a linear effect between night/day heart rate ratio and all-cause mortality ( P=0.141), and when night/day heart rate ratio was above 0.91, the risk of all-cause mortality was significantly increased in CKD 5 patients. According to time-dependent ROC curve, the accuracy of night/day heart rate ratio in predicting all-cause mortality was 70.90% even when the survival time was up to 70.0 months. Conclusions:The circadian rhythm of heart rate in CKD 5 patients displays "non-dipping" state. High night/day heart rate ratio is an independent influencing factor for all-cause mortality in CKD 5 patients.

INTRODUCTION: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The most important predictor of CIN is renal function before PCI. Serum creatinine (SCr) is a commonly used biomarker of renal function, but an elevation in SCr lags behind the onset of kidney injury and is not viable for early detection of CIN after PCI. Our primary objective was to investigate whether preoperative cystatin C (CysC) before PCI was an early predictor of postoperative CIN. The secondary objective was to evaluate associations between preoperative CysC and renal biomarkers. METHODS: From December 2014 to December 2015, 341 patients with normal renal function were enrolled into the study at our medical centre. All patients were apportioned to normal CysC (≤1.03 mg/L) or high CysC (>1.03 mg/L) groups before PCI and were hydrated from four hours prior to PCI to 24 hours after it. Renal function was monitored at 48 hours after PCI. Clinical parameters were recorded before and after PCI. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in preoperative SCr between the CIN and non-CIN groups. However, preoperative CysC demonstrated significant difference between the two groups (p <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated CysC before PCI was a risk factor for CIN (p = 0.013). Furthermore, the linear regression models identified an association between CysC before PCI and renal function after PCI. CONCLUSION CysC before PCI was viable as a biomarker of renal function after PCI and high preoperative CysC was able to predict CIN earlier than SCr.
Humans ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Contrast Media/adverse effects* ; Coronary Angiography ; Creatinine/blood* ; Cystatin C/blood* ; Kidney Diseases/diagnosis* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Risk Factors