ObjectiveTo investigate the application value of Toshiba 320-row dynamic volumetric CT angiography in the diagnosis of venous erectile dysfunction (VED).

METHODSWe enrolled in this study 33 patients diagnosed with ED by audiovisual sexual stimulation screening in the outpatient department. Penile erection was induced in the patients by injection of 2 mg phentolamine plus 30 mg papaverine into the corpus cavernosum, followed by that of contrast agent of iobitridol through the vein and corpus cavernosum successively. Then 320-row dynamic volumetric CT angiography was performed and the images of the corpus cavernosum in the arterial and venous phases were collected and processed.

RESULTSDifferent degrees of abnormal venous drainage were observed in 29 of the patients, including 7 cases (24.1%) of back deep venous leakage, 6 cases (20.7%) of foot venous leakage, 3 cases (10.3%) of dorsal superficial venous leakage, 1 case (3.5%) of intervertebral venous leakage, 2 cases (6.9%) of cavernous venous leakage, and 10 cases (34.5%) of mixed venous leakage. Ten of the patients underwent surgery, dorsal deep penile vein ligation in 2 cases, dorsal deep vein embedding plus foot vein ligation in 4, and foot vein ligation in the other 4. Eight of the patients were followed up for 3－12 months post-operatively, during which 2 achieved obvious erectile improvement, while the other 6 gained normal penile erection.

CONCLUSIONSToshiba 320-row dynamic volumetric CT angiography is a reliable method for the diagnosis of VED, which displays the precise location of venous leakage for clinical treatment, with the advantages of clearer images, lower doses of contrast agent and radiation, and faster examination than X-ray penile angiography.

Adult ; Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Contrast Media ; Drug Combinations ; Erectile Dysfunction ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Injections ; Iohexol ; analogs & derivatives ; Ligation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Papaverine ; administration & dosage ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Phentolamine ; administration & dosage ; Veins ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery

Background Research on the relationship between ambient temperature and preterm birth has received increasing attention, but the conclusions of the previous literature are inconsistent. Objective To explore the impact of environmental temperature exposure in Ningbo on premature delivery of pregnant women. Methods The birth information, preterm birth data, and age of pregnant women from January 2016 to September 2020 were collected by the electronic medical record system of Ningbo Women’s and Children’s Hospital. Meteorological data for the same period were obtained through Ningbo Meteorological Bureau, including daily average temperature, daily average relative humidity, and daily average air pressure. Daily concentrations of SO₂, NO₂, and PM₁₀ were derived through the air quality real-time release system on the website of Ningbo Environmental Protection Bureau. A distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the impact of environmental temperature on preterm birth by stratifying pregnant women’s age and birth delivery mode. Results The incidence rate of preterm birth in Ningbo from 2016 to 2020 was 5.91%. The exposure-response curve between environmental temperature and preterm birth presented a “U” shape. Taking 22.5 ℃ as a reference, the cumulative effect of 31 ℃ (the 95th percentile) and 32 ℃ (the 99th percentile) over a 21-day lag on preterm delivery was statistically significant, and the related RR (95%CI) values were 1.67 (1.05-2.65) and 1.85 (1.09-3.14) respectively. The results of stratified analysis showed that among pregnant women ≥30 years old, the 21-day cumulative effects of 31 ℃ and 32 ℃ on preterm delivery were statistically significant, and the related RR (95%CI) values were 2.09 (1.08-4.05) and 2.36 (1.11-5.03) respectively; among pregnant women with natural delivery, the 21-day cumulative effect of 32 ℃ on preterm delivery was statistically significant, and the RR (95%CI) was 1.95 (1.02-3.74). Conclusion Exposure of pregnant women to high temperature during pregnancy could increase the risk of preterm birth, and there is a delayed cumulative effect.

Objective:To analyze the mutation types and frequency of deafness genes in Ningbo newborns. Methods:From January to September, 2019, 1781 newborns in Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital accepted deafness gene screening, including 22 mutations of four common deafness genes. Results:There were 104 newborns who were found deafness gene mutation (5.84%), 59 boys and 45 girls. Mutation rate was 3. 31% (59/1781) for GJB2, 0.56% (10/1781) for GJB3, 0.39% (7/1781) for mtDNA, and 1.57% (28/1781) for SLC26A4. Conclusion:The mutation rate of deafness gene in newborns in Ningbo is higher than the China average level, especially the rate of GJB2. It is necessary to screen newborn deafness gene earlier.

Objective: To preliminarily analyze the prediction efficiency of multimodal MRI-based radiomics model for preoperative glioma IDH1 gene expression type. Methods: The MRI data of 108 surgery-proven glioma patients from May 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and the MRI data included axial T₁WI,T₂WI,fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR),DWI imaging and enhanced T₁WI sequence.Forty-seven cases were IDH1 mutant type, and 61 cases were IDH1 wild type. All patients were divided into training and validation groups according to the 7∶3 ratio of the random forest model. Seventy-three cases were in training group, and 35 cases were in validation group. Independent predictors of IDH1 mutation were screened by univariate analysis combined with multivariate logistic regression analysis (P<0.05) in order to construct a random forest diagnosis model of general clinical information and conventional MRI morphological features.General clinical information and conventional MRI morphological features included gender, age, umbers of cases of left and right hemispheres, location of tumors, maximum diameter of tumors, peritumoral edema, intratumoral cystic degeneration, enhancement and ADC value of tumors. The ROI was manually outlined by MaZda software in the most obvious level of 5 sequences of tumor mass and the radiomics features were extracted, including the gray-level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM), the run-length matrix(RUN), the absolute gradient(GRA),the auto-regressive model(ARM) and wavelets transform(WAV). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)regression were used to select image radiomics features with a method of 10 fold cross -validation and to reduce the dimensions. The screened image radiomics labels were combined with the conventional morphological feature independent predictors to construct a multimodal MRI-based random forest model, and the validation data set was used to evaluate the accuracy and diagnostic efficiency of each model. The sensitivity and specificity of conventional MRI morphological feature model and multimodal MRI-based radiomics prediction model were evaluated dynamically by drawing ROC curves, and the prediction efficiency of the two models was quantified by using AUC statistical indicators. The model classification error rate under different outcomes and the classification error rate of out of bag(OOB)were used to evaluate the stability of the multimodal MRI-based random forest model. The contribution rate of each variable to the model was reflected by the characteristic variables importance assessment map. Results: Univariate regression analysis of the conventional MRI morphological characteristics showed that peritumoral edema, cystic degeneration and enhancement were the three independent predictors of IDH1 gene expression (P<0.01). LASSO algorithm and 10-fold cross-validation identified six robust radiomic features including high frequency coefficients of wavelet transform (WavEnHH_s-4) of T₂WI, S(4,4) inverse difference of gray uniformity measurement (InvDfMom),S(5,0) Entropy (entropy),WavEnHH_s-4 of T₁WI enhancement, S(1,1) InvDfMom,S(1, -1) Entropy Difference (DifEntrp)of Flair.The error rate of classification for different outcomes and classification error rate of random forest OOB data of multimodal MRI radiomics diagnosis model finally stabilized at 10%. The results of Characteristic Variable Importance Assessment Map: Mean Decrease Accuracy and Mean Decrease Gini index were consistent, which showed that besides three conventional MRI morphological predictors peritumoral edema, enhancement and cystic degeneration, the radiomics labels also played a key role in the model. The results of ROC curve showed that the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity and AUC of conventional MRI morphological feature model were 82.7%, 68.4%, 90.9% and 0.835, respectively, and those of multimodal MRI-based radiomics model were 88.5%, 89.5%, 87.8% and 0.956 respectively. Conclusion Multimodal MRI-based radiomics random forest model can improve the predictive efficiency of preoperative glioma IDH1 gene expression type more quantitatively.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes of patients with distal radius fractures in elderly patients following conservative treatment, and find the important radiographic parameters with distal radius fractures in elderly patients.

METHODSFrom May 2012 to May 2015, a retrospective analysis was performed of 45 elderly patients with distal radius fractures treated by conservative treatment, which including 17 males and 28 females with an average age of 64.49 years old from 60 to 89 years old. The imaging parameters were measured and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. The imaging parameters on the standard wrist joint X-ray picture were measured including metacarpal angle, the radius height, the ulna variation, the ulnar angle, and so on. The clinical effect of wrist joint was evaluated by Dienst score standard. Multiple factor linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the image parameters and the clinical efficacy.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of 17.6 months. All fractures of the distal radius were healed. According to the Dienst evaluation, at the final follow-up the result was excellent in 27 cases, good in 10 cases, fair in 6 cases and poor in 2 cases. There was a significant correlation between the height of the radius, the angle of the palmar and the variation of the ulna and the function of the wrist joint in the imaging parameters. When the radius height more than 8.12 mm, the palmar angle more than -1.64 degree and the ulna variant less than 4.05 mm, the result of Dienst function was better.

CONCLUSIONSThe imaging parameters such as the radius height, the palmar angle and the ulna variation are related to the recovery of the clinical efficacy of the distal radius fractures in the elderly. The most important parameter is the radius height, which reminds the surgeon to pay special attention to the reduction of the radius fracture in the elderly.

There are still many unresolved problems in the treatment and prognosis of nondisplaced femoral neck fractures, such as nonunion and avascular necrosis of the caput femoris .In order to reduce the risk of various complications after non-displaced femoral neck fractures, the caput femoris posterior tilt of femoral neck fractures and its impact on prognosis have attracted more and more attention. A large number of scholars' studies have found that when the posterior tilt exceeds 20°, the risk of internal fixation failure increases significantly. Based on this concept, we can choose to use primary artificial joint replacement instead of three-screw internal fixation according to the different posterior tilt angles of patients to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. At the same time, our analysis found that comminution of the posterior segment of the femoral neck would lead to an increase in the posterior inclination angles. The purpose of this review was to investigate the relationship between caput femoris posterior tilt of femoral neck fractures and surgical outcome, and to introduce a new method for measuring caput femoris posterior tilt of the femoral neck.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; Femoral Neck Fractures/complications* ; Femur Neck ; Reoperation ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the breakthrough varicella infection rate and varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) among children who received 1-dose varicella vaccine.

METHODSA total of 57 180 subjects for the consecutive 4-year birth cohorts were selected from the local children born between 2007 and 2010 in Yinzhou District, Ninghai County and Yuyao City. And they were followed up for varicella from 2008 to 2013. The recipients of the vaccinations were identified through Ningbo Immunization Information System and data on breakthrough infections among the recipients were collected by using China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The breakthrough varicella rate and the VE were calculated and the trends of them were described from 2008 to 2013 among 4-year birth cohorts. The cumulative incidence of varicella was compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated children among the consecutive 4-year birth cohorts.

RESULTSThe rate of varicella vaccine coverage, vaccine cumulative incidence among the cohorts was 96.74% (55 317/57 180) and 0.56% (321/57 180). The breakthrough varicella infection for 4-year birth cohorts was 0.44% (244/55 317), and for each birth cohort was 0.95% (142/14 928), 0.44% (61/13 855), 0.22% (29/13 433) and 0.09% (12/13 101), respectively. It was on the rise from 2008 to 2013 and the 2007 birth cohort of it increased fastest from 0.04% (6/14 928) in 2007 to 0.32% (48/14 834) in 2013. The vaccine cumulative incidence of these who vaccinated 1-dose varicella (the breakthrough varicella infection) was lower than these who were unvaccinated (the incidence: 6.25% (37/592), 3.52% (15/426), 3.69% (17/461) and 2.08% (8/384)) by each birth cohort (χ²= 130.27, P < 0.001 for 2007 birth cohort; χ²= 74.11, P < 0.001 for 2008 birth cohort; χ²= 162.80, P < 0.001 for 2009 birth cohort; χ²= 100.01, P < 0.001 for 2010 birth cohort). The vaccine effectiveness for 4-year birth cohorts was 89.33% (95% CI: 86.7%-92.1%) and for each birth corhort was 84.78% (95% CI: 77.94%-89.50%), 86.82% (95% CI: 77.82%-92.95%), 93.99% (95% CI: 89.27%-96.81%) and 95.60% (95% CI: 89.18%-98.21%), respectively. The effectiveness of each birth cohort declinedgradually from 2008 to 2013 and the 2009 birth cohort of it decreased fastest from 98.86% in 2010 to 66.83% in 2013.

CONCLUSIONSThe 1-dose varicella vaccine effectiveness was good, but breakthrough varicella infection rate was on the rise with time and the VE declined gradually from 2008 to 2013.

Chickenpox ; Chickenpox Vaccine ; Child ; China ; Humans ; Incidence ; Vaccination ; Vaccine Potency

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in vital life processes of gene expression, epigenetic regulation and X-chromosome inactivation. lncRNAs are also closely associated with tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, lncRNAs may enter human circulation system in the form of microvesicle or exosome, or in combination with RNA binding protein. Interestingly, the circulating lncRNAs are widely existed in body fluids, such as blood and urine. We review the origin of circulating lncRNAs, and the detection methods as potential biomarkers. We focus on the early diagnosis value of circulating lncRNAs as tumor biomarkers in lung, breast, gastric, liver, colorectal and prostate cancers. Compared with the traditional biomarkers, the circulating lncRNAs show the unique advantages and clinical values as novel biomarkers.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between sleep quality and the use of smart phone before bed in middle school students, and to provide a reference for relevant prevention and control. Methods: A total of 3 749 students from 4 middle school which were randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling method were assessed with selfdesigned questionnaire for the students’ general information,smart phone usage before bed,as well as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS),and Insomnia Severity Index(ISI). Results: A total of 63.17% of students in the seventh grade used mobile phones before going to bed. 67.04% in the eighth grade, 81.18% in the ninth grade, 83.54% in the first grade of high school and 80.11% in the second grade of high school. Mobile phones usage before bed gradually increased with grade. Students with ≥2 h smart phone usage before bed(group 2) had higher scores than those with <2 h smart phone usage before bed(group 1) in each item of ESS, except dozing during traffic jam(P<0.01). The group 2 had higher scores than group 1 in ESS and ISI scores(P<0.01). Conclusion Smart phone usage before bed in middle school students is very common. The risk of sleep disorders increased with the duration of smart phone usage before bed. Parental supervision should be involved in the intervention of smart phone usage before bed among middle school students.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of parameters in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) using reference region model with prognostic factors and molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

METHODSMRI and pathological data of 50 patients with pathologically confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were retrospectively analyzed. Reference region model was applied to analyze pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters including volume transfer constant (RR K), rate constant (K) and the ratio of Kto extracellular space volume (K/V). The associations of the above parameters with prognostic factors and molecular subtypes of breast cancer were analyzed.

RESULTSRR Kand Kwere significantly higher in patients of histological grade 3 compared with those of histological grade 1 & 2 (all<0.05); and the patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and/or progesterone receptor (PR)-negative also had higher RR Kand Kthan those with ER-positive or PR-positive (all<0.05). For immunohistochemistry, RR Kand Kwere significantly higher in triple negative breast cancer compared with luminal type breast cancer (all<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHigh RR Kand Kare associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer, and which can also be used to distinguish molecular subtypes of breast cancer.