1. Progresses in pharmaceutical and surgical management of premature ejaculation
Qin-Bo HU ; Dong ZHANG ; Liang MA ; Derry Mingyao NG ; Maria HALEEM ; Qi MA
Chinese Medical Journal 2019;132(19):2362-2372
Objective:
Premature ejaculation (PE) is regarded as one of the most common male sexual dysfunctions. This review introduced several pharmaceutical and surgical methods for the management of PE. The definition, etiology, behavioral, and psychological therapy of PE were also discussed.
Data sources:
"Premature," "ejaculation," or "sexual dysfuction" were used as the medical subject headings (MeSH) to obtain relevant articles before June 2019 on Pubmed, Google Scholar and CNKI. Most articles used were written in English and several Chinese articles were also cited.
Study selection:
Full-text articles of retrospective/prospective/randomized controlled trials were analyzed. Animal experiments and letters were excluded.
Results:
There are four PE sub-types: lifelong PE, acquired PE, natural variable PE, and subjective PE. Behavioral therapy, psychotherapy, medication, topical anesthetics, and surgery are currently used for the treatment of PE. However, all the above treatments have limitations. Therefore, novel ways should be investigated to more efficiently control PE.
Conclusions
The pharmaceutical therapy that is currently being used in clinical practice for the management of PE is still the main choice globally due to its good efficacy. Surgery may be a choice for patients who are resistant to medication. However, it should be performed cautiously.
2.Predictive value of preoperative liver function for perioperative massive blood transfusion in patients undergoing ascending aorta surgery
Lihui QIAN ; Caimin ZHU ; Zhangsheng ZHAO ; Lei WANG ; Wei ZHOU ; Qile XIN ; Youli MA ; Qitian MU
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion 2023;36(12):1118-1123
【Objective】 To explore the predictive value of preoperative liver function for massive blood transfusion (MBT) in patients undergoing ascending aorta surgery. 【Methods】 Data from 238 patients undergoing ascending aorta surgery in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University were collected. Preoperative liver function tests were performed for all patients. Based on the perioperative transfusion volumes of red blood cell suspension, patients were divided into the MBT group, non-MBT group, and no blood transfusion (NBT) group. Clinical data during the perioperative period were compared among different groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) analysis was used to assess the predictive value of liver function indicators for MBT and determine cut-off values. 【Results】 Compared with the non-MBT group and NBT group, the MBT group showed statistically significant differences in preoperative levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), direct bilirubin (DBIL), and serum albumin (SA) (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that AST had the largest area under the curve (AUC) for predicting MBT, with a value of 0.723. ALT had the highest specificity for predicting MBT at 86.7%, and SA had the highest sensitivity at 89.7%. When AST >28.50 U/L, ALT >40.00 U/L, SA ≤34.55 g/L, and DBIL >4.25 μmol/L, there was a significant increase in the transfusion volume of various blood components and the incidence of MBT. 【Conclusion】 Preoperative liver function indicators (AST, ALT, SA, DBIL) have a moderate predictive value for MBT in patients undergoing ascending aorta surgery.
3.Surveillance on dengue vector Aedes albopictus in Ningbo City in 2021.
Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control 2023;35(4):379-382
OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the density, distribution and insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus in Ningbo City in 2021, so as to provide insights into formulation of dengue fever control strategies.
METHODS:
Four administrative villages were randomly selected from each county (district) in Ningbo City from April to November, 2021, to investigate the indoor population density of Aedes larvae, and the Breteau index (BI) was calculated. The population density of adult mosquitoes was investigated in residential areas, parks/bamboo forests, waste tire stacking sites/waste stations/construction sites in each county (district). On June 2021, larvae of the natural strain A. albopictus were collected from epidemic sites of dengue fever in Ningbo City in 2018, and raised in laboratory. Then, larvae and female mosquitoes without blood feeding were selected for insecticide resistance bioassays, while insecticide-sensitive strains of A. albopictus served as controls. The resistance of A. albopictus larvae to deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, propoxur, temephos and dichlorvos using the impregnation method, and the medium lethal concentration (LC50) and resistance ratio (RR) were calculated. The resistance of adult A. albopictus to beta-cypermethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, propoxur and malathion was determined using the tube bioassay, and the mosquito mortality was calculated.
RESULTS:
A total of 10 072 small water containers from 9 935 households were investigated in Ningbo City in 2021, and there were 1 276 containers with Aedes larvae detected, with an average BI of 12.89. Totally 1 422 mosquito nets were allocated and 954 female A. albopictus were captured, with an average net trapping index of 1.34 mosquitoes/(net·hour). Both larval and adult A. albopictus mosquitoes were found from April to November, and the density of larval A. albopictus peaked in September (BI = 21.21), while the density of adult A. albopictus peaked in August, with a net trapping index of 2.38 mosquitoes/(net·hour). The LC50 values of delta-methrin, beta-cypermethrin, propoxur, temephos and dichlorvos were 0.017 4, 0.000 9, 0.364 1, 0.038 1 mg/L and 0.001 6 mg/L against larvae of natural strains of A. albopicchus, with RRs of 49.66, 25.53, 9.65, 2.24 and 6.06, and the mortality rates of adult mosquitoes were 66.00% (66/100), 69.39% (68/98), 25.00% (25/100), 98.97% (96/97) and 100.00% (98/98) 24 hours post-treatment with 0.08% beta-cypermethrin, 0.03% deltamethrin, 0.4% permethrin, 0.05% propoxur, and 0.5% malathion for 24 h, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
A. albopictus is widely distributed in Ningbo City, with a high population density and presents high-level resistance to common pyrethroid insecticides. The population density and insecticide resistance of A. albopictus requires to be reinforced.
Animals
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Female
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Malathion
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Temefos
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Aedes
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Propoxur
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Permethrin
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Dichlorvos
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Mosquito Vectors
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Larva
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Dengue/prevention & control*
4.Early clinical and CT features of COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia from a fever observation ward in Ningbo, China.
Guoqing QIAN ; Yuanwei LIN ; Xueqin CHEN ; Ada Hoi Yan MA ; Xuehui ZHANG ; Guoxiang LI ; Xinzhong RUAN ; Liemin RUAN
Singapore medical journal 2022;63(4):219-224
INTRODUCTION:
We aimed to compare the early clinical manifestations, laboratory results and chest computed tomography (CT) images of COVID-19 patients with those of other community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients to differentiate CAP from COVID-19 before reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results are obtained.
METHODS:
The clinical and laboratory data and chest CT images of 51 patients were assessed in a fever observation ward for evidence of COVID-19 between January and February 2020.
RESULTS:
24 patients had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, whereas 27 individuals had negative results. No statistical difference in clinical features was found between COVID-19 and CAP patients, except for diarrhoea. There was a significant difference in lymphocyte and eosinophil counts between COVID-19 and CAP patients. In total, 22 (91.67%) COVID-19 patients had bilateral involvement and multiple lesions according to their lung CT images; the left lower lobe (87.50%) and right lower lobe (95.83%) were affected most often, and all lesions were located in the peripheral zones of the lung. The most common CT feature of COVID-19 was ground-glass opacity, found in 95.83% of patients, compared to 66.67% of CAP patients.
CONCLUSION
Diarrhoea, lymphocyte counts, eosinophil counts and CT findings (e.g. ground-glass opacity) could help to distinguish COVID-19 from CAP at an early stage of infection, based on findings from our fever observation ward.
COVID-19/diagnostic imaging*
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China
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Community-Acquired Infections/diagnostic imaging*
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Diarrhea/pathology*
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Fever
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Humans
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Lung/diagnostic imaging*
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Retrospective Studies
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SARS-CoV-2
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*
5. Efficacy comparison of posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod fixation combined with spinous process muscle-vessel complex bone graft or iliac bone graft for atlantoaxial instability
Dingli XU ; Weiyu JIANG ; Chaoyue RUAN ; Yang WANG ; Xudong HU ; Yunlin CHEN ; Nanjian XU ; Haojie LI ; Shuyi ZHOU ; Weihu MA
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2019;35(10):871-879
Objective:
To compare the clinical efficacy of posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod fixation combined with spinous process muscle-vessel complex bone graft or iliac bone graft for atlantoaxial instability.
Methods:
A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 56 patients with atlantoaxial instability admitted to the Sixth Hospital of Ningbo from September 2014 to October 2016. There were 35 males and 21 females, with the age range from 9 to 59 years [(50.3±3.2)years]. A total of 26 patients were treated with posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod fixation combined with spinous process muscle-vessel complex bone graft (complex group), while 30 patients were treated with iliac bone graft (ilium group). Patients showed different degrees of neck pain and limited neck activity preoperatively. X-ray films and three-dimensional CT examination of the cervical spine were taken before and after operation for evaluating the atlantoaxial reduction, bone graft fusion and internal fixation. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, bone fusion time, visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, atlantodental interval (ADI) and axial symptoms were compared between the two groups, and the complications were recorded.
Results:
Both groups were followed up for 24-30 months, with an average of 27.4 months. In the complex group and the ilium group, the operation time was (2.21±0.25)hours and (2.72±0.26)hours (
6. Clinical application and effect of individual 3D printing model on pedicle screw placement for upper cervical spine fracture
Yunlin CHEN ; Xudong HU ; Yang WANG ; Nanjian XU ; Chaoyue RUAN ; Weiyu JIANG ; Weihu MA
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2019;35(11):970-976
Objective:
To investigate the accuracy and feasibility of individual 3D printing model for pedicle screw placement in treating patients with upper cervical spine fracture.
Methods:
A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 30 patients with upper cervical spine fracture admitted to Ningbo No.6 Hospital from August 2013 to December 2018. There were 19 males and 11 females, aged 45-67 years with an average age of 53.5 years. The 15 patients in the study group were treated with pedicle screw fixation and another 15 patients in the control group were treated with traditional freehand screw fixation. A total of 120 pedicle screws were implanted, with 60 screws in each group. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, preoperative and postoperative visual analogue score (VAS), Japan Orthopedic Association (JOA) score were recorded. The position and grade of screws were evaluated according to Kawaguchi's evaluation method of screw grade after operation. The patients took monthly reexamination for the first three months after discharge. In the first two months after discharge, the patients took X-ray examination for observation of screw loosening or rupture of internal fixation. At the third month after operation, the patients took CT of cervical spine for observation of bone healing and fusion.
Results:
The mean follow-up duration was 17.8 months (range, 13-21 months). The study group had shorter operation time (99.13±3.04)minutes compared with the control group (107.00±6.92) minutes (
7.Case-control study on injured vertebra pedicle instrumentation and injured vertebra bone grafting for the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.
Wei-Yu JIANG ; Liu-Jun ZHAO ; Wei-Hu MA ; Xiao-Hu SONG ; Rong-Ming XU
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2013;26(11):923-926
OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effects of injured vertebra pedicle instrumentation and injured vertebra bone grafting in treating thoracolumbar fractures.
METHODSA retrospective study was performed on 48 patients with single thoracolumbar fractures (type A3) from August 2008 to August 2010. Twenty-four patients were treated with injured vertebra pedicle instrumentation (group A) and 24 were treated with injured vertebra bone grafting (group B). There were 14 males and 10 females with an average age of (44.0 +/- 7.4) years old (34 to 56) in group A and there were 13 males and 11 females with an average age of (42.5 +/- 7.1) years(ranged, 31 to 54) in group B. Operation time, volume of blood loss, complications and the relative parameter of imageology were compared between two groups.
RESULTSThere was no significant difference in gender,age, position of injury, volume of blood loss between two groups. Operation time of group A was shorter than that of group B. Cobb angle and injured vertebral height obviously improved at the immediately postoperatively between two groups; there was no significant difference in group A between the immediately and three months postoperatively, but there was significant difference in group B; there was no significant difference between three months and one year postoperatively in two groups. The failure rate of group B was significantly higher than that of group A.
CONCLUSIONPedicle screw fixation in the injured vertebrae has advantage of short operation time,can obtain satisfactory effects and is better than injured vertebra bone grafting in maintaining the reduction in treating single thoracolumbar fractures.
Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery
8. Selection and application of surgical techniques for upper cervical spine fractures
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2019;35(11):966-969
Appropriate surgical method selection is the basis of treatment of unstable upper cervical spine fracture. Improving the accuracy of screw placement is the key to reduce complications and enhance the efficacy. With the release of several clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines for upper cervical fractures and the usage of various auxiliary screw placement techniques in the treatment of upper cervical fractures, the safety and efficacy of surgical treatment of unstable upper cervical fractures have made some progress, but there are still deficiencies including neurovascular injury, nonunion and failure of internal fixation caused by poor internal fixation. The author discusses how to choose the surgical method and the application of 3D printing, microscope assistance, computer navigation and robot-assisted technology in the operation of upper cervical fracture, so as to provide reference for the treatment of upper cervical fracture and provide theoretical basis for the innovation and improvement of operation technology.
9.Experimental research for dielectric spectroscopy of normal human platelets.
Xiangping CUI ; Qing MA ; Fang DING
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2007;24(3):682-684
The dielectric spectroscopy of human platelets was measured within the frequency range of 100 KHz-100 MHz, and the dielectric numerical characters of human platelets in response to AC electric field were analyzed. We measured the AC impedance of normal human platelets with the impedance technique in the frequency domain for the first time. The experimental data were used to draw a relationship curve between the frequency of electric field and permittivity or conductivity, and then the dielectric spectrum and the Cole-Cole plots of human platelets were established and then, the characteristics of dielectric response of human platelets were decided, which demonstrated the dependence of permittivity and conductivity of human platelets upon frequency, and showed two characteristic frequencies of the dielectric spectroscopy of human platelets: the first characteristic frequency f(C1) = 6.66 MHz; the second characteristic frequency f(C2) = 9.81 MHz.
Blood Platelets
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cytology
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physiology
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Electric Conductivity
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Electric Impedance
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Electrochemistry
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methods
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Electrophysiology
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Humans
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Spectrum Analysis
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methods
10.Impedance frequency properties of rabbit whole blood cells.
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2009;38(4):383-386
OBJECTIVETo establish characteristic parameters of complex impedance spectrum of rabbit whole blood cells.
METHODSThe AC impedances of 30 blood samples from the 10 rabbits were measured with the Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer at frequency range of 0.01-100 MHz and its characteristic data were analyzed by the Bode plot, the Nyquist plot and the Nichols plot.
RESULTSThe impedance amplitude and phase angle of rabbit blood cells was frequency-dependent. The impedance spectrum of rabbit blood cells had two characteristic frequencies: the 1st one (f(C1)) was 2.58 MHz, the 2nd one (f(C2)) was 5.21 MHz.
CONCLUSIONThe frequency properties of whole blood cells can be obtained by the analysis of impedance spectrum.
Animals ; Blood Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Impedance ; Rabbits ; Spectrum Analysis ; methods