Auditory Perception ; Child ; Humans ; Sound Localization

Adult ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ; Female ; Humans ; Sphenoid Sinus ; pathology

Objective To investigate the biological properties of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) which were preconditioned with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (Vardenfil). Methods hAMSCs were in vitro isolated and cultured, hAMSCs were pre-treated with vardenfil in final concentration of 10 μmol/L. The morphology of Vard-hAMSCs was observed, and the immunological characteristics, proliferative capacity, and ability of anti-oxidative damage of hAMSCs and Vard-hAMSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Double labeling immunofluorescent staining was used to count the differences of differential potential between neural cells of hAMSCs and Vard-hAMSCs. Results (1)Flow cytometry revealed that both hAMSCs and Vard-hAMSCs positively expressed CD90、CD105 and CD73, and negatively expressed CD34、CD45、CD11b and HLA-DR. The SPF and PI in Vard-hAMSCs group were (0.57 ± 0.40)% and (2.20 ± 1.60)% respectively, there was no statistical significance compared with hAMSCs group; (2)After 4 hours treated by H2O2, the apoptosis rate in Vard-hAMSCs group were (7.67 ± 0.82)%,which were markedly lower than that in the hAMSCs group and specific blocker group; (3)Under the same induction condition, positive rates of MAP-2 and GFAP in Vard-hAMSCs group were (49.8 ± 6.42)%and (55.2 ± 6.10)% respectively detected by double labeling immunofluorescent staining, which were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion The strategy that hAMSCs are treated with vandenfil can enrich the ability of anti-oxidative damage and the differential potential for neural cells in a certain time, and the morphology, immunological characteristics, proliferative capacity of Vard-hAMSCs have no significant change. It suggests that pre-treatment with vandenfil may provide a optimized experimental strategey for hAMSCs which were used to treat nervous system disease.

refer to the cases with pression caused by both posterior and anterior matters, the posterior-anterior surgery is better.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare dexamethasone acetate borneol cream and to establish its quality control method.METHODS:Dexamethasone acetate borneol cream was prepared by grinding method;dexamethasone acetate and phenol were identified by TLC,and the content of the principal agent was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.RESULTS:The prepared cream fitted the description of China Pharmacopeia(2005 edition) in identification and tests etc.The linear range of dexamethasone acetate was 12.06～28.14 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 7),and the average recovery rate of 98.52%(RSD=0.66%).CONCLUSION:The preparation is reasonable in compounding,simple and feasible in techniques,and its quality is stable and controllable.

Objective To compare the computed orthopantomography(COPT)with Sh?ller radiography(SR),film orthopantomography(FOPT)and other traditional radiographic techniques in the radiography of temporomandibular joint(TMJ).Methods Ninty-eight cases were randomly divided into 3 groups,and the open and close positions of TMJs of both sides were examined with SR,FOPT,and COPT, respectively.The satisfactory rates of the X-ray pictures were statistically analyzed with Pearson chi-square in SPSS10.0,and the satisfactory rates were analyzed with q test between the groups.Results One hundred and forty-four of the open and close positions of 144 TMJ pictures of the COPT group,128 of 128 of the FOPT group,and 6 of 120 of the SR group were satisfactory in the mandible ramus of the TMJ,with satisfactory rate being 100%,100%,and 5%,respectively(P0.01),respectively between FOPT and COPT groups.The difference was not statistically significant.The exposure was as follows:COPT,99—113 mAs;FOPT,210—225 mAs;and SR,48—75 mAs.Therefore,COPT and FOPT were superior to SR in the pictures of the mandible ramus,coronoid process,and incisure,but inferior in the joint space pictures.The satisfactory rates of the condylar process and articular tubercle were same in the 3 groups.The exposure of the FOPT group was greater than that of the COPT and SR groups.Conclusion COPT is superior to SR and FOPT in TMJ radiography,and should be applied widely in the clinic.

OBJECTIVETo study the overexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for repairing articular cartilage injury in vivo.

METHODSRabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transduced with lentivirus vector containing Sox9 gene and then cartilage specific molecule was detected by RT-PCR in vitro. Total 48 knee joints of 24 mature New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups according to different defect treatment. After animals anesthesia,a full-thickness cylindrical cartilage defect of 4 mm diameter and 3 mm deep was created in the patellar groove using a stainlesssteel punch. Meanwhile, the transfected cells were implanted to repair the rabbit model with full-thickness cartilage defects. Cartilage defects tissue was observed with light microscope, electron microscope, HE and immunohistochemistry staining to assess the repair of defects by the complex at 6 weeks or 12 weeks after the implantation.

RESULTSAt 3 days after the transfection, Sox9 gene expression was highest and Sox9 gene expression decreased with the increase of time. At 3 days after the transfection, the expression of collagen type II began and reached the peak at 14 days. It showed that the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells went into chondrogenic differentiation after transfected by Sox9 gene. Histological observation showed that at 6 weeks after the operation, the defects in the experimental group was filled with hyaline like cartilage tissue, 12 weeks after operation,the defects of cartilage and subchondral bone had satisfactory healing. Both at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the defects were filled with fibrous tissues in control groups. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical staining of sections with type II collagen antibodies showed the proteins in the regenerated tissue stained positive for type II collagen and stronger than the control groups. The histological scoring system indicated that the cartilage repair of experiment groups were better than the two control groups with statistical significances.

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote the repair of cartilage defect.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cartilage, Articular ; injuries ; metabolism ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Rabbits ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Engineering

Objective To reconstruct a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of human nasal cavity, and make comparison analysis with acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry. Methods One healthy volunteer was performed CT scanning of nasal cavity, three dimensional CFD model was established by Simplant 10.0 and Gambit 2.3.16, and Fluent 6.3.2 was employed to simulate the airflow of nasal cavity. Acoustic rhinometer was used to assess the area of nasal cavity, rhinomanometry was adopted to measure the airflow and intranasal pressure drop during inspiration, and the results were compared with those obtained from CFD model. Results Cross section area of nasal cavity obtained from CFD model matches well with that measured by acoustic rhinometer within 30 mm distance from nostril, while the latter was larger than the former beyond 50 mm distance from nostril. The trend of intranasal pressure drop at different airflows measured by CFD model was the same as that measured by rhinomanometry, while the transnasal pressure obtained by CFD model was lower than that recorded by rhinomanometry. Conclusion CFD model can accurately simulate the shape of nasal cavity and measure the parameters of intranasal airflow, which helps to understand the airflow characteristics of nasal cavity.

Objective To investigate CT findings of hepatic necrosis and regeneration after liver failure.Methods Five patients with liver failure underwent CT scan before orthotopic liver transplantation.These findings were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with gross specimen and pathologic findings obtained after transplantation.Results Among 5 cases,the CT appearances of liver failure can be divided into 3 types.(1)Massive confluent aggregate foci in 2 patients demonstrated low attenuation and high attenuation as geographical patlerns on CT scans before contrast enhancement.respectively.The histopathological liver changes showed massive necrosis and regencratinn. Regions of necrosis enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in portal-venous phase,the regions of regeneration enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in arterial phase on postcontrast CT images.(2)In 2 patients,diffuse nodules of liver demonstrated high attenuation on plain CT scans,which was nodular necrosis and nodular regeneration pathologically.All enhanced to attenuation greater than that of normal liver parenchyma in arterial phase.The former showed hypointensity in portal-venous phase and equilibrium phase.The latter enhanced to attenuation equal to that of normal liver parenchyma in portalvenous phase and equilibrium phase on postcontrast CT images.(3)Multiple small foci in 1 case demonstrated low attenuatiun on precontrast CT images and enhanced to hyperintensity in portal-venous phase and isointensity in arterial phase and equilibrium phase on postcontrast CT images.The histopathological liver changes showed multiple necrosis.Conclusion Liver failure may reveal characteristic imaging patterns at CT.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of sub-chronic exposure to deltamethrin(DM) on neural behavior and expression of NMDA receptor in hippocampus of mice.Methods 60 Female SPF Kunming mice were divided into 4 groups and given DM 60 days by gavage.Hot-plate,rotarod,grip strength,hing limb landing foot splay were used to examine the sensory and motor change of mice.Autonomic activity test was used for detecting the functional status of the central nervous system in mice.Passive avoidance test for detection of the behavior changes of learning and memory,and RQ-PCR was employed to measure the expression of NMDA receptor in hippocampus of mice.ResultsThe behavior of sensory and motor of mice sub-chronic exposure to deltamethrin did not have changes significantly(P ＞ 0.05 ).In the test of autonomic activity test,the average of autonomic activity times were (93 ± 18) times,(107 ± 13) times,(105 ±22) times.Compared with the control group,the average of autonomic activity times in middle-and high-dose groups were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ).The latent periods in poisoning groups were (175.4 ±38.4) s,(146.4 ±51.2)s,(132.3 ±45.0) s,and the error times were (0.7 ±0.3)times,( 1.4 ± 0.5 ) times,( 1.8 ± 0.9) times.Compared with the control group,latent periods of high-dose group were decreased and the error times of middle-and high-dose groups were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with the control group,the relative expression levels of NR1 and NR2A mRNA in hippocampus of middle and high-dose groups were increased significantly (P＜ 0.05 ),and the relative expression level of NR2B mRNA in highdose group was decreased significantly(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionSub-chronic exposure to DM could increase the excitability of mice,damage the function of learning and memory,and influence the expression of NMDA receptor in hippocampus of mice.