OBJECTIVETo examine the growth-inhibitory, apoptosis- and necrosis-inducing effects of realgar nano-particles (RNP) in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 and acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60, and to find out the chemical species with efficacy.

METHODA "solvent-relay" strategy was used for the preparation of RNP suspension. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and necrosis were characterized with Annexin V-PI double staining in association with flow cytometry and with morphological examination with Hoechst 33258 staining. Parallel experiments with arsenous acid (H3AsO3), the dominant form of arsenic trioxide in the solution, were conducted for comparison.

RESULTThe mean diameter of RNP was 159.0 nm. RNP showed growth-inhibitory effect on both cell lines. The double staining test indicated that RNP induced both apoptosis and necrosis, and this was further confirmed by morphological examination.

CONCLUSIONRNP induced both apoptosis and necrosis in leukemia cell lines K562 and HL-60. Thioarsenite species with both As-O and As-S bonds may be the active intermediates in the RNP.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; pathology ; Materia Medica ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Nanotechnology ; Necrosis ; Particle Size ; Sulfides ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

PURPOSE: To explore the value of transplanting peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells from allogenic rabbits (rPBMSCs) to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: rPBMSCs were separated/cultured from peripheral blood after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilization. Afterwards, mobilized rPBMSCs from a second passage labeled with PKH26 were transplanted into rabbit ONFH models, which were established by liquid nitrogen freezing, to observe the effect of rPBMSCs on ONFH repair. Then, the mRNA expressions of BMP-2 and PPAR-γ in the femoral head were assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: After mobilization, the cultured rPBMSCs expressed mesenchymal markers of CD90, CD44, CD29, and CD105, but failed to express CD45, CD14, and CD34. The colony forming efficiency of mobilized rPBMSCs ranged from 2.8 to 10.8 per million peripheral mononuclear cells. After local transplantation, survival of the engrafted cells reached at least 8 weeks. Therein, BMP-2 was up-regulated, while PPAR-γ mRNA was down-regulated. Additionally, bone density and bone trabeculae tended to increase gradually. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that local transplantation of rPBMSCs benefits ONFH treatment and that the beneficial effects are related to the up-regulation of BMP-2 expression and the down-regulation of PPAR-γ expression.
Animals ; Blood Cells/*cytology ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/genetics ; *Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Femur Head Necrosis/metabolism/*pathology/*therapy ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/*cytology ; Osteonecrosis/*pathology/*therapy ; PPAR gamma/genetics ; Rabbits ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo develop a colon-specific prodrug of Indomethacin microbially triggered, carry out in vitro/in vivo evaluation of drug release, and appraise its inhibitory effect on liver metastasis from colon cancer.

METHODSIndomethacin prodrugs were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and NMR, and dissolution test simulating gastrointestinal tract was employed to screen the colon-specific prodrug. Then, the pharmacokinetic profile of portal vein and peripheral blood in Sprague-Dawley rats was studied. Lastly, the inhibitory effect on liver metastasis from colon cancer in nude mice was observed.

RESULTSThe chemical structure characterized by FTIR and NMR demonstrated that six kinds of indomethacin-block-amylose with different drug loading (IDM-AM-1-6) were synthesized, among which IDM-AM-3 was degraded 1.3%, 9.3% and 95.3%, respectively, in simulated gastric fluid for 4 h, small intestine for 6 h, and colon for 36 h. The pharmacokinetic test of IDM-AM-3 showed that absorption was delayed significantly (P < 0.01), peak time [(11.35 + or - 2.45) h], elimination half-life [(16.74 + or - 4.04) h] and mean residence time [(22.27 + or - 0.52) h] were significantly prolonged (P < 0.01), as well as peak serum concentrations [(9.69 + or - 2.40) mg/L] and AUC(0-t) [(236.7 + or - 13.1) mg x L(-1) x h] were decreased markedly (P < 0.01) as compared with those of IDM regarding to portal vein. Additionally, its AUC(0-t) in peripheral blood was remarkably lower than that in Portal vein (P < 0.01). The tumor suppression observation showed that it could remarkably reduce the number of liver metastases in contrast to IDM (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONColon-specific IDM-AM-3 possesses advantage of sustained release in portal vein providing some experimental basis for colon-specific delivery system applied to sustained release in the portal vein.

Amylose ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Colon ; metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Delivery Systems ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Prodrugs ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effects of combined anterior-posterior (small incision or micro-incision) approach for complex tibial plateau and posterior condylar fractures.

METHODSFrom 2000 to 2008, 79 patients (81 limbs) with complex tibial plateau and posterior condylar fractures were reviewed. There were 45 males and 34 females, ranging in age from 19 to 66 years, with an average of 40.6 years. Thirty-nine limbs were treated using small incision through combined anterior-posterior approach, in which 13 limbs were Schatzker type IV, 15 limbs were type V ,and 11 limbs were type VI. Other 42 limbs were treated using micro-incision through combined anterior-posterior approach, in which 18 limbs were Schatzker type IV, 16 limbs were type V, and 8 limbs were type VI. The Rasmussen scores for knee joint and radio scores were used to evaluate therapeutic effects after the treatment. The complications such as cutaneous necrosis and incision infection were observed.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up. According to Rasmussen criterion, in small incision group, 16 limbs got an excellent result, 13 good, 7 fair and 3 bad; in micro-incision group,above data were 19, 11, 8 and 4 respectively. Comparison between the two groups, P = 0.924. Comparison of complications such as cutaneous necrosis and incision infection: in small incision group,10 limbs had the complications, and in micro-incision group were 4 limbs; the occurrence rate of small incision group were higher than that of micro-incision group (P = 0.047).

CONCLUSIONThere are no significant differences between the two groups in the knee joint function rehabilitation; however, there is smaller rate for cutaneous necrosis and incision infection in micro-incision group.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study inhibitory efficacy of combined gene therapy for malignant gliomas transfected with antisense human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)/PTEN in vitro and in vivo.

METHODSTo construct two adenovirus recons which contained antisense hTERT and wild-type PTEN respectively with high performance homologous recombination system in bacteria. The two adenovirus recons were transfected into U251 human malignant glioma cells combinedly or respectively in vitro and in vivo. U251 cell proliferation in vitro was determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, tumor growth in vivo was measured by the volume of glioma in nude mice. Telomerase activity was detected by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Expression of hTERT and PTEN protein was detected by Western blotting methods.

RESULTSAfter transfection in vitro, the growth of U251 cells was inhibited significantly. The inhibitory effect was time-dependent. The strongest inhibition was observed in combined transfection group, at the 6th day, the survival rate was 37.6%, telomerase activity (only 28.8TPG) was inhibited significantly, hTERT protein expression was inhibited significantly too, which was 0.2106, but PTEN protein expression was increased significantly, which was 0.9630. In vivo, the growth of tumors was also effectively inhibited.

CONCLUSIONGrowth of malignant glioma cells is effectively inhibited after transfection with combined antisense hTERT and PTEN in vitro and in vivo.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; DNA, Antisense ; genetics ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Glioma ; pathology ; therapy ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Telomerase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of intravenous metoprolol by two injection methods in treatment for patients of atrial fibrillation anti rapid ventricular rates complicated with heart failure.Methods Patients of atrial fibrillation and rapid ventricular rates complicated with heart failure were administrated regular drug therapy for their heart failure,and then they were observed for half an hour.If their ventricular rates were above 100 beats/min and blood pressure equal to or above 100/60 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),they were randomly divided into three groups,the first one administrated with metoprolol 10 mg by minipump in an hour,the second one administrated with metoprolol 5 mg in 10 minutes by direct injection,and repeated by 5 mg 10 minutes later if their heart beats were still above 100 beats/min and blood pressure equal to or above 100/60 mm Hg,and the third one administrated with normal saline as control group.As either ventricular rates were equal to or lower than 60 beats/min or blood pressure lower than 90/60 mm Hg,drug administration would be terminated.Symptoms,physical signs, heart rate,blood pressure,rale on auscultation of the chest,parameters of haemodynamics,serum levels of brain natrium peptide (BNP) and atrial natrium peptide (ANP) were observed at 0 h and 1 h after drug injection.Results Clinical symptoms and physical signs of heart failure were improved significantly,heart rates and serum levels of BNP (F=15.929,14.534,all P

Objective To investigate the relationship between APE1, XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) susceptibility and to explore the correlation of APE1, XRCC1 gene polymorphisms with the sensitivity to platinum-based drugs .Methods Seventy-eight HCC patients and 80 controls were selected .By PCR and RFLP , the single nucleotide polymorphism of APE1 Asp148Glu and XRCC1 Arg194Trp genes and the susceptibility of HCC or platinum drug sensitivity were analyzed.Results The Glu/Glu genotype of APE1 could increase in the risk of HCC by 7.21 times (95%CI:1.325-29.109) (P<0.05).APE1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms could also affect the platinum drug resistance of HCC patients.Conclusion APE1 Asp148Glu is correlated with the susceptibility to HCC .APE1 and XRCC1 genes can be considered a target for therapy to improve the sensitivity of HCC platinum drugs .

BACKGROUNDRTVue spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new, ultra high-speed and high-resolution instrument, potentially to measure the presence of glaucoma or its progression accurately. The objective of this study was to evaluate its reproducibility of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head (ONH) measurements in normal and glaucoma eyes.

METHODSThis study was an observational clinical study. One eye was selected randomly from each of 89 normal individuals and 63 glaucoma patients in a range of severity. RNFL thickness and ONH were measured 3 times on the same day to determine intrasession variability. The same instrument was used by the same operator for all scans. Intrasession within-subject standard deviation (Sw), precision (1.96 x Sw), coefficient of variation (CVw, 100 x Sw/overall mean), and intraclass coefficient (ICC) were calculated to evaluate reproducibility.

RESULTSRTVue OCT demonstrated double hump patterns in the RNFL profiles. High reproducibility was observed in all ONH parameters. For normal eyes, the value of ICC ranged between 0.98 and 1.00. For eyes with different extent of glaucoma, it ranged between 0.94 and 1.00. High reproducibility was also observed in RNFL thickness measurements. The values of ICC for averaged RNFL thickness ranged between 0.95 and 1.00 in all cases. For regional parameters, it ranged from 0.94 to 0.98 for normal eyes, 0.94 to 1.00 for mild glaucoma eyes, 0.87 to 1.00 for moderate glaucoma eyes, and 0.77 to 0.97 for severe glaucoma eyes. The nasal regions of severe glaucoma appeared to be most variable, as nasal lower region and inferior nasal region had the ICC values of 0.77 and 0.87.

CONCLUSIONReproducibility of RTVue RNFL and ONH measurements was excellent in normal and glaucoma groups.

Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Glaucoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Fibers ; Optic Disk ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; methods ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDMeasurement of anterior segment parameters plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of anterior chamber volume (ACV) measurements with rotating scheimpflug camera (RSC) and to examine agreement with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

METHODSThirty nine healthy normal subjects were recruited from the Eye Center of Tongren Hospital. ACV was measured using RSC and AS-OCT in a randomly selected eye for each subject. For RSC measurements, both automatic and manual ACV measurements and 2 independent operators' ACV measurements were obtained. All subjects were invited for 3 visits within a week to evaluate repeatability and reproducibility of ACV measurement by RSC. Agreement was evaluated between RSC and AS-OCT.

RESULTSGood repeatability and reproducibility were found for both automatic and manual ACV measurements obtained by RSC. For intrasession repeatability, coefficient of variation (CVw) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values for automatic were 3.52% and 0.98; the values for manual were 3.44% and 0.97, respectively. For intersession reproducibility, the respective CVw and ICC values were 3.96% and 0.96. Good agreement was also found in 2 operators for both automatic and manual ACV measurements; nevertheless, poor agreement was found between RSC and AS-OCT (95% confidence interval (CI) for agreement of automatic RSC measurement versus AS-OCT were -96.3 to 72.8 microl and 95% CI for agreement of manual RSC measurement versus AS-OCT were between -41.7 to 10.1 microl).

CONCLUSIONSBoth RSC automatic and manual ACV measurements showed good repeatability and reproducibility, and showed comparable agreement between 2 independent operators, but poor agreement was found between RSC and AS-OCT.

Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; anatomy & histology ; Anterior Eye Segment ; anatomy & histology ; Cornea ; anatomy & histology ; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological ; instrumentation ; Female ; Glaucoma ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; methods ; Young Adult

The primers and probes for the Real-time RT-PCR were designed based on the multiple sequence (swine and humans HEV strains) alignments of the ORF3 region of genotype 4 HEV. A rapid, sensitive and stable TaqMan Real-time RT-PCR assay was established, and its specificity and sensitivity were assessed, and comparison of the Real-time RT-PCR with conventional and nested RT-PCR was performed. The results found that the crossing points showed linearly proportional to the logarithm of the input copy number. The correlation coefficient (R2) and the slope value of the standard curves with plasmid DNA were 0.994 and -3.312, respectively. The efficiency (E) of the PCR was 100%. Coefficients of variation values of the different diluted plasmid DNA were low in the same or different repeated experimental group. In addition, the assay was able to correctly detect genotype 4 HEV RNA from swine fecal samples. The sensitivity of established assay was 100-fold higher than that of conventional RT-PCR and 10-fold higher than nested RT-PCR.
Animals ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Disease Reservoirs ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; Fluorescence ; Genotype ; Hepatitis E ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Swine ; virology