Humans ; Infant ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; complications ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications

Objective To study the significance of the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)lactate level in diagnosing neonatal bacterial meningitis(BM). Methods The CSF samples were collected from neonates admitted to Neonatal Ward of Children's Hospital of Fudan University between January 2014 and March 2015. CSF lactate and glucose con-centrations were measured with blood - gas analyzer. CSF and serum glucose levels were measured with glucometer. The enrolled neonates were divided into 2 groups based on CSF culture,CSF white blood cells(WBCs)and clinical presenta-tion:observation group(neonates with BM)and control group(neonates without BM). Statistical analysis of data was performed with Stata 12. 0. Results A total of 93 infants(16 assigned to observation group and 77 assigned to control group)met the inclusion criteria. Neonates in observation group had higher median CSF lactate level(4. 2 mmol/ L)and CSF lactate/ glucose ratio(L/ Gcsf)(2. 32 mmol/ L),than those in control group(1. 3 mmol/ L,0. 52),and there were significant differences(Z = - 6. 19,- 5. 92,all P ﹤ 0. 05). CSF glucose levels were lower in observation group(me-dian,1. 25 mmol/ L)than those in control group(median,2. 5 mmol/ L),and the difference was significant(Z = 4. 97, P ﹤ 0. 05);CSF/ serum glucose ratio(CSF/ Sglu)were lower in observation group(median,0. 44 vs 0. 81 in control group),and the difference was significant(Z = 4. 43,P ﹤ 0. 05). The optimal CSF lactate cutoff point of 2. 2 mmol/ L had a positive predictive value(PPV)of 72. 7% and negative predictive value(NPV)of 100. 0% for bacterial meningi-tis. The optimal L/ Gcsf cutoff point of 1. 24 had a PPV of 94. 1% and NPV of 100. 0% . The optimal CSF glucose cutoff point of 2. 0 mmol/ L had a PPV of 65. 0% and NPV of 95. 9% . The optimal CSF/ Sglu cutoff point of 0. 6 had a PPV of 60. 0% and a NPV of 96. 9% . Conclusion CSF lactate may be an excellent biomarker for early diagnosis of neo-natal BM.

BACKGROUND:Gastric cancer stem cels involved in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy and conventional treatment are closely associated with relapse of gastric cancer. However, this conclusion has not yet been confirmed.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of gastric cancer stem cels in tumor invasion and metastasis and its effect on angiogenesis ability.
METHODS:We prepared nude mouse models of gastric cancer to isolate and culture gastric cancer stem cels. Harvested gastric cancer stem cels were detected in cel scratch test, ring test, inhibition rate test, cel migration test and tumorigenicity test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 7 days of culture, the cels exhibited adherent growth but a lack of regularity that most cels were in a tadpole shape. In the cel scratch test, the scratch width was significantly different at 0 and 24 hours (P < 0.05). Under an inverted microscope, the cels were found to form a ring in the ring test. The 50% inhibiting concentration of gastric cancer stem cels induced by oxaliplatin was significantly lower than that induced by 5-fluorouracil (P < 0.05). The number of cels passing through the basilar membrane was significantly increased after cel migration (P < 0.05). After implantation of gastric cancer stem cels, the gastric tissue quality was significantly higher than that in normal nude mice of gastric cancer (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that gastric cancer stem cels responsible for tumor invasion and migration have stronger angiogenesis ability.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression and clinical significance of T cell immunoglobulin mucin (TIM)-1, TIM-3 and T cell-specific transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 in spleen mononuclear cells in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

METHODSThe spleen samples were obtained from 17 active ITP patients and 10 controls with spleen traumatic rupture. By using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the mRNA expressions of TIM-3, TIM1, T-bet and GATA-3 were studied in all subjects.

RESULTSTIM-3 mRNA levels of active ITP patients were significantly decreased to (29 ± 16)% of that of control, TIM-1 mRNA levels of active ITP patients increased to (3.20 ± 2.18) folds of that of control, but the difference was not significant. The ratio of TIM-1/ TIM-3 was elevated in active ITP patients. T-bet mRNA levels were up-regulated in ITP patients by (2.82 ± 1.57) folds (P<0.05) and the expression of GATA3 was decreased by 14% folds (P<0.05) compared to controls. The ratio of T-bet/GATA3 were significantly elevated in ITP patients.

CONCLUSIONThe imbalance between TIM-3 and TIM-1 expression might play an important role in pathogenesis of ITP.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; GATA3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1 ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; immunology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Receptors, Virus ; metabolism ; Spleen ; metabolism ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology ; Young Adult

AIM:Atherosclerosis primarily involved systemic arteries .Luminal surface , a monolayer of endothelial cells , of artery directly exposes to blood and is susceptible to active substances in the blood .Exosomes contain significantly amount of proteins and RNAs .Ex-osomes can be good and bad for cells , depending on their component .Thus, exosomes may contribute to atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial cells .This study analyzed the relationship of exosome proteins and atherosclerosis .METHODS: Fifty-six patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons:healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and hypertension vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( HT vs HT+AS) .Serum exosomes were decoded by protein mass spectrometry .The protein profile and function were analyzed by gene ontology ( GO) .RESULTS:It was found that five child terms repeatedly appeared in “response to stimulus” and “immune system process” of BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“positive regulation of innate immune response”,“immune response-activating signal transduction”,”activation of innate immune response”,“innate immune re-sponse-activating signal transduction” and “innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway ”.Two child terms repeatedly showed in “binding” of MF of the two categories:“antigen binding” and “enzyme binding”.Two proteins, PSMA6 and PSMA7, were repeatedly shown in the two categories .CONCLUSION:GO analysis was utilized for structure hierarchy “tree” to illustrate these proteins involved in various terms in BP , CC and MF.The PPI analysis supplied proteins which may play potentially im-portant roles in AS process .Innate immune system and blood coagulation pathway contribute to AS formation .The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and Annexin A2, may can be the new target proteins for prevention and treatment of AS .

AIM:To analyze the proteins included in exosomes derived from blood of patients with hypertension and seek the main pathologi -cal changes in hypertension .METHODS:Forty-seven patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons :healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and atherosclerosis vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( AS vs HT+AS) .We extrac-ted exosomes from blood and utilized LC-MS/MS to identify the protein expression .We used GO analysis to established the hierarchy programs of biological process and molecular function .PPI was used to find the proteins related to the terms .RESULTS:It was found that three final child terms repeatedly shown in BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“signal transduction in re-sponse to DNA damage”,“response to zinc ion”, and“platelet aggregation”.It was found that two final child terms in MF of the two categories:“interleukin 2 receptor binding” and“ploy(A) RNA binding”.The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and CA2, were related to the terms in the two categories .CONCLUSION: We discovered that the exosome proteins may indicate the pathological changes in hypertension through the biological processes related with the specific proteins .These specific proteins, such as VCL, PSMA6, DP, AKAP, ATP5B and CA2, can be the new indicators for severity of hypertension and new therapeutic targets .

Problem based learning(PBL) is a teaching mode which is based on the autonomous learning of students in small groups.Due to the limited conditions,PBL method can not be widely applied in Guangzhou Medical University.Teaching and research section of pharmacology established a web based PBL teaching mode (W-PBL) in the school through Blackboard net platform,which enlarged the teaching scope and provided students and teachers with a teaching mode having updated learning patterns and high efficiency.Results of this practice were satisfactory and teaching effect was improved significantly.

Objective To prepare a novel bioactive and degradable scaffold with mineralized collagenpolyose based composite by biomimetic synthesis for bone tissue engineering and explore the compatibility of osteoblast culturing on the scaffold. Methods Two kinds of polyelectrolyte were assembled on the surface of diatomite particles in order to adsorbe on nano-zirconia through opposite charges. Zeta potential,particle size and size distribution were compared before and after the modification of diatomite; IR was used to analysis molecular structure of functional group changes on the surface of diatomite particles, nano-composite powder morphology was observed by SEM. Results Two kinds of the polyelectrolyte were successfully assembled on the surface of diatomite powders. Particle size and size distribution were significantly reduced, d (0.5) reduce from 16.421 μm to 0.420 μm. SEM showed the dispersion of the modified diatomite was improved and had a good adsorption with nano-zirconia. Conclusion Layer-by-layer technique could enhance the dispersion of diatomite-based dental ceramic powders as well as a good adsorption of nano-composite ceramic powder.

Objective To investigate the characteristic,diagnosis,clinical staging, treatment and clinical prognosis of occult breast carcinoma (OBC). Method Forty-six cases of OBC were analyzed retrospectively with the clinical and follow-up information that were confirmed by postoperative pathologic diagnosis from November 1981 to November 2005. Results All patients showed axillary node enlargement as the first sign and were operated.The operation included axillary node excision in 2 patients,radical mastec-tomy or modified radical mastectomy in 44 patients. Forty-five cases got follow-up for 1-22 years,33 cases had existed 3 years,18 cases had existed 5 years,8 cases had existed 10 years. Conclusions For axillary mass which causes are uncertain ,the possibility of OBC should be considered .Meanwhile excision and pathological examination is necessary.The metastatic histological structure and immunohistochemical index of the axillary nodes usually provide important clue for the source of this tumor.Radical or modified mastectomy is the best method, and pest-operative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy should be done. It has been showed that targeted therapy is very important to breast cancer with C-erbB-2 positive recently.To the cases that neck lymphatic metastasis is M4G3 positive by immunohistochemical examination and no primary focus clinically, the diagnosis of OBC should be considered. The cases without primary focus have better prognosis than those with primary focus.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of natural borneol on the permeability of blood tumor barrier (BTB) model and the expression and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signal transduction pathway related protein kinase in vitro.

METHODSC6 rat glioma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured to establish BTB model. Then 4 groups were set up, the blank control group, low, middle, and high dose borneol groups (25, 50, 100 µg/mL), 3 samples collected at 7 time points (0, 10, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 min, respectively). Blank culture medium was exchanged in the blank control group while medication. Different doses of natural borneol were administered to the 3 borneol groups. Cells were collected at different time points. BTB permeability was determined using horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Expression levels of extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK), phosphorylation extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (P-ERK), P38MAPK, phosphor-P38MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and phosphorylation c-Jun N-terminal kinase (P-JNK) were detected using Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the same group at min 0, the permeation rate obviously increased (P < 0.01) in the 3 borneol groups at the rest time points. P-ERK expression was elevated first, reached the peak at 30 min, and gradually recovered to the initial level (P > 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, HRP permeation rate increased from 10 min to 240 min (P < 0.01), and expression of P-ERK protein increased at 30 min and 60 min (P < 0.05) in the low dose borneol group; expression of P-JNK protein decreased in the 3 borneol groups at 180 min and 240 min (P < 0.05). Compared with the low dose borneol group, expression of P-ERK protein increased from 10 min to 180 min (P < 0.05), HRP permeation rate increased from 30 min to 180 min (P < 0.05), expression of P-JNK protein decreased at 180 and 240 min (P < 0.05) in the middle dose borneol group. Compared with the middle dose borneol group, HRP permeation rate increased from 10 min to 180 min (P < 0.05), expression of P-ERK protein increased from 10 min to 180 min (P < 0.05), expression of P-JNK protein increased at 180 min and decreased at 240 min (both P < 0.05) in the high dose borneol group.

CONCLUSIONNatural borneol arrived at the effect of regulating reversible BTB patency possibly through activating phosphorylation of ERK in MAPKs signal transduction pathway, and further reversibly down-regulating expression of associated proteins.

Animals ; Bornanes ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Coculture Techniques ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Glioma ; pathology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; Permeability ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism