Objective To construct a self-assessment system of patient safety by nurses.Methods Using self-designed questionnaires of self-assessment system of patient safety by nurses,29 nursing safety management experts were selected.Delphi method was adopted to carry out two rounds of interview.The self-assessment system of patient safety by nurses was built.The importance of the indicators went on weight analysis with specialist sorting.Results The system included 3 first-level indicators,9 secondlevel indicators,48 third-level indicators.The coefficient of variation of the indicators was ＜ 0.20,and the coordination coefficient was 0.25.Conclusions The initial construction of system of self-assessment patient safety by nurses has the advantages of focused expert advice,with scientific results,and is reliable.It can be used for nurses' self-assessment of the security situation in patients.

In this paper, microcrystalline cellulose WJ101 was used as a model material to investigate the effect of various process parameters on granule yield and friability after dry granulation with a single factor and the effect of comprehensive inspection process parameters on the effect of granule yield and friability, then the correlation between process parameters and granule quality was established. The regress equation was established between process parameters and granule yield and friability by multiple regression analysis, the affecting the order of the size of the order of the process parameters on granule yield and friability was: rollers speed > rollers pressure > speed of horizontal feed. Granule yield was positively correlated with pressure and speed of horizontal feed and negatively correlated rollers speed, while friability was on the contrary. By comparison, fitted value and real value, fitted and real value are basically the same of no significant differences (P > 0.05) and with high precision and reliability.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Hardness ; Models, Chemical ; Particle Size ; Regression Analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

BACKGROUND: Dynamic hip screw (DHS) is a standard internal fixation for intertrochanteric fracture, whereas the patient combined with osteoporosis, cut-out incidence of lag screw is common. The articles in China and abroad indicate bone cement augmentation of DHS to achieve firm fixation. As for normal bone, no reports is published that whether bone cement augmentation is effective.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanics of DHS with bone cement augmentation for the fixation of intertrochanteric fracture specimen that has a normal bone density.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Bilateral contrast observation study of the same sample was performed in the Laboratory of Biomechanics, Hebei Orthopaedic Research Institute (Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China) between March and April In 2005.MATERIALS: Bilateral upper femora from the embalmed male cadaver were provided by Anatomy Department of Hebei Medical University (China). X-ray scan results proved the absence of tuberculosis, anatomical deformity and tumor.METHODS: Twenty-four matched pairs of the upper femora (48 sides) were used to make the specimens of the intertrochanteric fracture of type A2. The right femur specimens were fixed with DHS augmented by bone cement, as the augmentation group (The screw track of femoral neck was expended by curette, and the femoral head facing upwards were injected with 2mL low viscosity bone cement. Then lag screw was wrested to keep the position unchanged till the bone cement coagulated. Placing barrel, compressing through tighten tail screw, and cortical screw fixing side-plate were. followed). And the left femur specimen was fixed with DHS conventional fixation, as the control group. The bending and torsional tests were performed in the two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The maximum load and the maximum torque in the two groupsRESULTS: The maximum load and the maximum torque were (3852.1602±143.6031) N and (15.5+2.6) Nm in the augmentation group, and (3702.9667±133.8601) N and (14.7±3.4) Nm in the control group. There was no significant difference in the biomechanical effects between the two groups (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The augmenting fixation with bone cement for intertrochanteric fracture specimen has no significant effect on the strength of DHS fixation or on the overall stability of the fractured bone in normal bone density.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the capability of semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to predict the response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy( CCRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSA total of 24 patients with stage III or IIIB NSCLC, who underwent 3.0T DCE-MRI before CCRT, were enrolled in this study. Semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters were calculated by Funtool and Omnikinetics software. The relationship between these obtained parameters and tumor response was evaluated by Spearmen' s correlation analysis. The patients were classified into two groups according to the tumor regression rate after treatment, as response group (group A) and non-response group ( group B). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the parameters of responders and non-responders. The value of the parameters on predicting response was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).

RESULTSThe tumor regression rate after treatment was negatively correlated with time to peak (TTP) and the extravascular-extracellular volume fraction (Ve), and was positively correlated with signal enhancement ratio (SERmax) and volume transfer constant (Ktrans) (P < 0.05 for all). Statistical significant differences were found between group A and group B both in semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters (P < 0.05). Group A had a lower TTP value [(34.66 ± 16.37) s vs. (44.09 ± 17.41) s] and Ve value [(0.19 ± 0.03) vs. (0.25 ± 0.05)] than group B, whereas group A had a higher SERmax [(166.50 ± 44.95)% vs. (113.57 ± 46.62)%] and Ktrans [(0.41 ± 0.17) min(-1) vs. (0.28 ± 0.12) min(-1)] than group B (P < 0.05 for all). The ROC analysis indicated that when setting the threshold of Ve on ≤ 0.21 for predicting response, the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy were 85.7%, 80.0% and 83.3%, respectively, with an area under curve of 0.875 (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSBoth the semi-quantitative and quantitative DCE-MRI parameters are helpful for predicting the response after CCRT of NSCLC. Quantitative parameters seem to be more meaningful than semi-quantitative parameters.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; methods ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; ROC Curve ; Remission Induction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Time Factors

Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of interventional treatment for lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans and its complications.Methods We analyzed sixty-nine patients with lower extremities arteriosclerosis obliterans undergoing interventional treatment from October 2011 to January 2013.During the same period,three patients were referred to us who suffered from the complications of interventional treatment.In these patients,eight were TASC ⅡA type,twenty-one were TASC Ⅱ B,twenty TASC Ⅱ C,and twenty-two TASC Ⅱ D lesions.All patients received CTA or DSA.Seventy patients were treated by interventional treatment,and two who had fractured stent underwent external iliacsuperficial femoral artery bypass grafting using artificial grafts.Results The technique success rate was 100％.The symptoms disappeared after surgery.During interventional treatment,one iliac artery ruptured,one patient suffered from arterial perforation and three patients suffered from distal embolization.Sixty-eight patients were followed-up for 9 ± 4 months.Conclusions Endovascular treatment has good early clinical efficacy.In order to reduce the incidence of complications,indication of interventional treatment should be controlled strictly and manipulation should be careful.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD).

METHODSWe summarized the clinical data of 81 cases of CAVD and investigated clinical features, diagnosis and management of the disease.

RESULTSSeventy-nine cases of infertility were diagnosed as CAVD at the clinic, and 2 were diagnosed during surgical exploration. The population consisted of 40 cases of congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD), 25 cases of congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens (CUAVD), and 16 cases of segmental agenesis of the vas deferens. Seventy-four spouses received the treatment of assisted reproductive techniques, including intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in 12 cases, and 4 of them achieved pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONCAVD frequently presents with infertility. CBAVD may manifest as obstructive azoospermia, and CUAVD and segmental vasal agenesis as oligospermia, asthenospermia, or obstructive azoospermia. CAVD is usually not difficult to diagnose, but may be missed due to careless examination. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) plays a key role in the management of CAVD.

Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Urogenital Abnormalities ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Vas Deferens ; abnormalities

Objective To improve the diagnosis accuracy and treatment quality of juxtaglomerular cell tumor.Methods The clinical data of 2 female patients(20 and 36 years,respectively)with juxtaglo- merular cell tumor were presented and discussed in combination with review of the literature,including the onset characteristics,imaging features,treatment,pathology and prognosis.Case 1 presented with hyperten- sion of 180/110 mm Hg.The laboratory examinations showed that in decubitus and standing position,the plasma rennin activity(PRA)was 3.2?g - L~(-1)?h~(-1)and 36.5?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1);angiotensinⅡwas 54.3 pg/ml and 183.5 pg/ml;aldosterone was 193.5 prnol/L and 489.4 pmol/L,respectively;serum kalium was 2.6 mmol/L.Case 2 presented with hypertension of 210/120 mm Hg.The laboratory examination results were as follows:in decubitus and standing position,PRA was 4.3?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1)and 37.0?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1);angio- teusinⅡwas 55.6 pg/ml and 200.4 pg/ml;aldosterone was 162.4 pmol/L and 506.3 pmol/L,respectively; serum kalium was 3.0 mmol/L.On CT scan,both cases had renal tumor,with the diameter of 3.0 cm and 3. 5 cm,respectively.Results Case 1 underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Case 2 who had artery stricture and severe functional injure of the right kidney underwent laparoscopic right nephrectomy.The oper- ative time was 3.0 h and 2.0 h,and the blood loss was 175 ml and 112 ml,respectively.There was no mor- tality or postoperative complication.In 1 or 2 postoperative weeks,Case 1 had blood pressure(BP)of 120/70 mm Hg;in deeubitus and standing position,PRA was 1.5?g ~ L~(-1)?b~(-1)and 12.8?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1);angio- tensinⅡwas 30.6 pg/ml and 97.5 pg/ml;aldosterone was 78.5 pmol/L and 192.2 pmol/L,respectively ;se- rum kalium was 4.2 mmol/L.Case 2 had BP of 125/75 mm Hg;in decubitus and standing position,PRA was 1.6?g.L~(-1)?h~(-1)and 12.3?g.L~(-1)?h(-1);angiotensinⅡwas 34.3 pg/ml and 83.5 pg/ml;aldoste- rone was 62.6 pmol/L and 292.5 pmol/L,respectively;serum kalium was 4.8 mmol/L.Pathology showed that the juxtaglomerular cell tumor had intact envelop.Light microscopically,the tumor was very much like a hemangiopericytoma,showing active proliferation and nuclear atypia.The immunohistochemical staining showed positive Vimentin,CD_(34)expression,and negative MSA,EMA,Bcl-2,?-SmA,AG/AG3,34?En, CD_(117),CD_(31),Iv glue,Ki-G~-(＜2%)expression.Ultrastructural changes of the nuclei and some organelles in the cytoplasm were observed under electron microscope.The conspicuous ultrastructural feature was the pres- ence of secretion granules and rhomboid-shaped,crystal-like structures in the dilated cisternae of rough endo- plasmic reticulum and vesicles of Golgi complex.The follow-up was 14 and 6 months,respectively;the renal function was normal and no tumor recurrence was found.Conelusions Juxtaglomerular cell tumor is a rare tumor which can produce renin.It is characterized by severe hypertension and low serum potassium.La- boratory examination results are helpful for the diagnosis:PRA and angiotensinⅡincrease obviously ;aldoste- rone is 1-10 times more than normal;serum kalium is commonly between 2.1-3.5 mmol/L.The definite diagnosis depends on clinical presentations,immunohistochemistry,light and electron microscopic examina- tions.Laparoscopie operation is the first choice of surgical treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic foci early after blast injury and its role in the outcome prediction.

METHODSTotally 30 rabbits with blast-induced cerebral blast injury were used in this study. After routine CT/MRI and SWI scanning,quantified analysis was performed in regions of interest using post-processing technology. After dissecting the brains of the experimental rabbits,the cerebral histopathological changes were observed,and the results were compared with SWI findings.

RESULTSIn these 30 rabbits,22,102,221,and 738 hemorrhagic foci were detected by CT,T1WI,T2WI,and SWI,respectively. The number of cerebral microbleeds detected by SWI was significantly larger than those revealed by conventional T1WI and T2WI(Χ(2)=10.00,P<0.01). Furthermore,the SWI imaging displayed the punctiform(n=315,42.7%),lamellar(n=218,29.5%),slinar(n=205,27.8%)hypointense foci,with clear margin. The number of hemorrhagic foci detected by SWI was positively correlated with survival(r=-0.667,P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSWI remarkably increases the detection rate of hemorrhagic foci(particularly microbleeds)in rabbits with cerebral blast injury. The number of cerebral microbleeds and location of foci are closely related with the outcomes and therefore may facilitate clinical managment.

Animals ; Blast Injuries ; complications ; diagnosis ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Injuries ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Female ; Image Enhancement ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Prognosis ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of Erhuang Powder (EHP) in promoting the wound healing of cervical columnar epithelium ectopy after physiotherapy.

METHODSSixty-four patients with moderate and severe cervical columnar epithelium ectopy accompanied with contact bleeding were assigned to the treatment group (34 cases) and the control group (30 cases) according to table of random digit. Physiotherapy of the cervix was given to all patients. EHP was externally applied to the affected site of patients in the treatment group once every 3 days. Five times consisted as one therapeutic course, totally for 2 courses. The therapeutic effects, the wound healing time, the vaginal fluid quantity, the vaginal fluid discharge time, the wound infection, and adverse reaction were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSThe healing rate of the treatment group was 85.29% (29/34), higher than that of the control group (50%, 15/30) after 8 weeks of treatment, showing statistical difference (P < 0.1). The average wound healing time of the treatment group (3.2 - 0.8 weeks) was shorter than that of the control group (5.3 +/- 0.9 weeks), showing statistical difference (P < 0.5). The vaginal fluid quantity and the vaginal fluid discharge time in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.5, P < 0.1). Increased vaginal secretion accompanied with foreign odor or infection occurred in 2 patients of the control group. No adverse reaction or infection occurred in the treatment group.

CONCLUSIONSLocal application of EHP could promote the wound healing of cervical columnar epithelium ectopy after physiotherapy. It could improve its healing rate. Therefore, it was one ideal and reliable method, and worthy of clinical spreading.

Adult ; Cervix Uteri ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; therapy ; Epithelium ; drug effects ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Wound Healing

Objective To investigate the value of DWI using 3.0 T MRI to predict response to radiotherapy(RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods From January 2014 to May 2015, 40 patients with stageⅢ(Ⅲa orⅢb) NSCLC underwent DWI using 3.0 T MRI before RT/CCRT were enrolled. The imaging quality of diffusion-weighted images were evaluated on 3-level grades as good, moderate and non-diagnostic.The patients with good or moderate image quality were underwent DWI at 2 weeks after starting therapy(total dose of 20 Gy), and at the end of therapy (total dose of 60 Gy). Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) of lung cancer with good and moderate image quality were calculated by Funtool. The following quantitative parameters were recorded and calculated: the mean pretreatment ADC value(ADCpre), the mean mid-treatment ADC value (ADCmid), the mean post-treatment ADC value(ADCpost), the rate of changes inmean ADC value at 2 weeks post therapy (ΔADCmid) and the rate of changes inmean ADC value at the end of therapy(ΔADCpost). The patients were classified into response group and non-response group according to the tumor response, which was assessed with revised response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST1.1) after CCRT. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare parameters between the two groups.The relationship between these obtained parameters and tumor response was evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis. The value of parameters on predicting tumor response was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve.Results 96.4%(80/83) DW images were graded as good or moderate image quality. The responders had lower median ADCpre[1.32 (0.77—1.96) × 10- 3 mm2/s] than non-responders[1.60(1.12—2.33) × 10- 3 mm2/s], which had statistically significant difference (Z=-2.934,P=0.003).Tumor regression rate after treatment had negative correlation with ADCpre(r=-0.386, P=0.018).The responders had increased ADC [ΔADCmid: 38.9%(12.8%—139.0%),ΔADCpost: 48.3% (25.6%—148.1%)] than non-responders [ΔADCmid: -2.5% (-15%—29.4%), ΔADCpost:14.2% (- 28.1% —71.3% )], which had statistically significant difference (Z=- 2.847, - 2.221, respectively;P<0.05). Tumor regression rate after treatment had positive correlation with ΔADCmid(r=0.637, P=0.001) and ΔADCpost(r=0.631, P=0.005).From ROC analysis,when setting threshold on pretreatment ADCpre=1.38 × 10-3 mm2/s, ΔADCmid=21.6%, ΔADCpost=38.8%, the area under curve was 0.782, 0.838 and 0.813.Conclusion The mean ADC value before RT/CCRT and its changes during treatment is likely to be a valuabletool for predicting the response after RT/CCRT in advanced NSCLC, which may be helpful to clinical decision on individualized therapy.