Objevtive To explore the microsurgical methods for resecting the tumors of the third ven- tricle and discuss the anatomic foundation of mircrosurgical methods.Methods Twelve patients with tumors of third ventricle were operated on via approach of transcallosum interfornix.Pathologic diagnoses included eight craniopharyngiomas intruding the third ventricle,two gliomas in medial thalamus,one ependymoma and one teratoma.Results Total removal in microscope of the tumors were achieved in 10 cases and subtotal re- moval in 2 cases.The percentage of total resections achieved to 83.3%.Seven of eight craniopharyngiomas were totally resected and the postoperative MR indicated no remanent or recurrent tumors.No death occurred in all cases and the recent complications which were disappeared after one or two weeks' management mostly included polydipsia,diuresis and electrolyte disturbances.Long termed complications included two hydren- cephalus and two spontaneously absorbed subdural fluidifies ventricle-abodminal shunt was performed in one case.The time of follow-up continued were between two months to two and a half years.One subtotal resected craniopharyngiomas was relapesed in eight months,one glioma in thalamus was relapesed in one year and in the remanent ten cases nine can live normally and one can live with self-care.Conclusion Transcallosum interfornix approach for microsurgically removing the third ventricle tumors reached the third ventricle through the rudimental tissue space of embryonic tissue.It can provide a slight trauma,a quite large operative field, euthyhoria for operating.We can use this appoach to resect the tumors located in all directions in the third ven- tricle.The percentage of total resection was large and few complications occurred.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of semen-derived enhancer of virus infection (SEVI) on the infection of transmitted/founder (TF) HIV-1 and its matched chronic control (CC) viruses and the antagonism of ADS-J1 on SEVI-mediated enhancement of TF and CC virus infection in vitro.

METHODSPAPself-assembling into SEVI amyloid fibrils was validated by ThT assay. We generated the virus stocks of TF and CC virus pair. TZM-bl cells were infected with the mixture of SEVI and TF or CC viruses for 72 h. Luciferase activity was used to observe the enhancement of SEVI. SEVI was treated with different concentrations of ADS-J1 and incubated with TF or CC viruses. TZM-bl cells were then infected with the mixture and luciferase activity was detected 72 h after infection to analyze the antagonism of ADS-J1 on the enhancing effect of SEVI. ADS-J1 was also incubated with TF and CC viruses directly and TZM-bl cells were infected for 72 h to evaluate the antiviral effect using luciferase assay. SEVI was treated with ADS-J1 and Zeta potential was determined to explore the antagonistic mechanism of ADS-J1.

RESULTSThT assay showed that PAPwas capable of self-assembly into SEVI amyloid fibrils. SEVI significantly accelerated TF and CC viruses infection (P<0.05), and ADS-J1 not only significantly antagonized the enhancement of SEVI (P<0.05) but also directly inhibited the infection of TF and CC viruses (P<0.05). ADS-J1 neutralized the positive charge of SEVI in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONSSEVI promotes the infection of TF and CC strains, and ADS-J1 antagonizes SEVI-mediated enhancement of TF and CC viruses by neutralizing the positive charge of SEVI.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of catheter thrombolysis and systemic thrombolysis for deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities.Methods:102 cases of unilateral deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities were selected from February 2013 to July 2015 in our hospital.With randomly method divided into the observation group and the control group,each had 51 cases,patients in the control group were treated with systemic thrombolytic therapy,patients in the observation group underwent catheter thrombolysis,also all patients were followed up.The clinical effect was compared between the two groups.Results:In the observation group,thigh swelling rate,leg swelling rate,the patency rate of vein thrombolysis rate were significantly higher than control group;the thrombolysis time of observation group was (5.2 ± 1.7) d,significantly lower than that of control group (6.8 ± 2.1) d,the difference was statistically significant (t=4.229,P=0.000);observation group's cases of vascular patency was significantly higher than the control group,while the residual amount of thrombus was significantly lower than the control group.The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Catheter thrombolysis treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis effect significantly,can shorten the patient's blood flow recovery time,and the deep vein patency rate is far superior to the systemic thrombolysis treatment.

Objective To evaluate the significance of multi-slice helical CT with multiplanar reconstruction in laryngeal carcinoma.Methods Thirty-five patients with laryngeal carcinoma were studied by helical CT,MPR were subsequently done.The lesion extent of the axial image findings,MPR findings and the combined image findings were compared with the pathological results respectively.The data were statistically analyzed.Results In the evaluation of the anterior commissure,the axial image findings,MPR findings and the combined image findings were 82.9%,68.6% and 91.4% in accuracy respectively,the results were statistically different(P0.05).The combined images were superior to the axial images and the MPR images in sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the lesion extent.Conclusion The axial images could show the shape,size,extension of the tumor and the lymphadenopathy,MPR images displayed the shape,size and extension roundly and directly,they were the supplement for the axial images.Axial images combined with MPR could improve the accuracy in the diagnoses of laryngeal carcinoma.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; transmission ; Female ; Homosexuality, Female ; Humans ; Risk-Taking

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of sufentanil and fentanyl at equivalent dose for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after thoracotomy.

METHODSSixty ASA I-II patients (20-60 years of age) undergoing radical operation for lung or esophageal cancer were randomly divided into sufentanil intravenous analgesia group (group S, with sufentanil 1 microg/ml) and fentanyl intravenous analgesia group (group F, fentanyl 10 microg/ml). PCIA was administered with background infusion of 2.5 ml/h, bolus injection of 2.5 ml and lockout time of 15 min. The pain intensity according to visual analogue scale (VAS), cumulative analgesic consumption (CAC), sedative scores and side effects at 24 and 48 h after administration were recorded. SpO(2), respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure (BP) and ECG were continuously monitored.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in CAC between the two groups, but he VAS was lower in group S than in group F (P<0.05) and the sedative efficacy was superior in group S (P<0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in group S was lower than that in group F (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in SpO(2), RR, heart rate and mean arterial pressure between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONPCIA with sufentanil provides better efficacy of analgesia and sedation with lower incidence of nausea and vomiting than with fentanyl in postoperative patients with thoracotomy.

Adult ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Lung Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; chemically induced ; Pain, Postoperative ; drug therapy ; Sufentanil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Thoracotomy ; Vomiting ; chemically induced

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; transmission ; China ; HIV Infections ; transmission ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of lidocaine against lung injury after hemorrhagic shock in rabbits.

METHODSEighteen healthy rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6), namely lidocaine group (group L), hemorrhagic shock group (group H) and control group (group C). Hemorrhagic shock model was established in rabbits in groups L and H, and the venous blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxidedismutase (SOD) before phlebotomy (T0), 2 h after hemorrhagic shock (T1) and 2 h after resuscitation (T2). Blood samples were also taken for measurement of MDA and SOD at the same time points in group C. The wet to dry weight ratio of the lung (W/D) was measured at T2.

RESULTSMDA level was significantly lower while SOD level significantly higher in group L than in group H (P<0.05). The W/D ratio in group L was reduced significantly as compared with that in group H (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLidocaine can remarkably alleviate lung injury after hemorrhagic shock by inhibiting MDA production and increasing SOD content.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lidocaine ; pharmacology ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lung Injury ; prevention & control ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Rabbits ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; drug therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) on the proliferation and apoptosis in glioma stem cells.

METHODSStem cells were isolated from a human glioma cell line U87 by using vincristine and characterized by immunofluorescence assay. Proliferation and apoptosis were determined by soft agar colony assay and flow cytometry; Cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSBMP4 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in U87 glioma stem cells. Moreover, Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1 expression were decreased by BMP4, while Bax level was elevated.

CONCLUSIONBMP4 can inhibit U87 glioma stem cells proliferation through downregulating Cyclin D1 level, and promote apoptosis through induction of Bax expression and inhibition of Bcl-2 level. It suggests that BMP4 plays an important role in human glioma stem cell biology.

Apoptosis ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioma ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disease caused by dystrophin gene mutations; 55%-65% of these pathogenic mutations are large deletion and duplication mutations that can be detected by multiplexed polymerase chain reaction. However, finding the remaining micro-mutations (substitutions, deletions or insertions of one or several nucleotides) cannot be achieved in this way. The aim of the present study was to detect mutations of the dystrophin gene in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and to establish a rapid and sensitive screening platform for micro-mutations leading to DMD.

METHODSTwenty patients negative for large deletions in the dystrophin gene by multiplex PCR were selected for further screening by DHPLC and 20 normal male without DMD family history as the control cohort. Dystrophin exons and their flanking sequences were individually amplified by genomic PCR and the amplicons showing abnormal DHPLC profile were directly sequenced to identify the position and the type of the mutations.

RESULTSAfter screening 68 exons covering the two deletion hotspots and 3'UTR region, four pathogenic mutations, including c.6808_6811del TTAA, c.4959_4960insA, c.8656C > T and c.8608C > T, were found in four DMD patients. Moreover, c.6808_6811del TTAA, c.4959_4960ins and c.8656C > T have not been reported previously. The first two frameshift mutations were predicted to produce premature stop codons, p.Leu2270MetfsX9 and p.Ser1654LysfsX5, respectively. The remaining two were nonsense mutations, leading to p.R2886X and p.R2870X, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThree novel and one recurrent dystrophin mutations have been identified in Chinese DMD patients. This study has demonstrated that DHPLC is an effective screening method for micro-mutation associated with DMD.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; trends ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; Mutation ; Sequence Deletion