BACKGROUND: Continuous passive motion assisted with diathermia will promote the restoration of joint movement of the extremities.OBJECTIVE: To improve joint movement with continuous motion assisted with diathermia after surgical treatment on simple fracture of upper or lower extremity.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan University.PARTICIPANTS: Eighty-four cases of simple extremity fracture treated in the Orthopedic Department of Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan University from October 2000 to July 2002 were included in this trial. Of them, 16 cases were elbow movement disorder and 68 were knee movement disorder. They were randomly assigned into two groups with 42 cases each.METHODS: The 42 cases in the treatment group were preheated before continuous passive motion while those in the control group just received continuous passive motion. The improvement of joint movement between thetwo groups were assessed and compared according to the joint movement scale.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The joint movement before and after treatment and the indices of joint movement scale in the two groups.RESULTS: All of the eighty-four cases entered the analysis. The joint movement in the treatment group was better than that in the control group [ (101.40 ± 25.76)° vs (86.14 ± 27.66)°, t = 5.25, P ＜ 0.01 ]. The index of joint movement scale in the treatment group was also higher than that of the control group[ (84.32 ± 16.54) vs(64. 89 ± 13.76) ] ( t = 4.24, P ＜ 0.01 ) ].CONCLUSION: Continuous passive motion assisted with diathermia is better than simple continuous passive motion in improving the joint movement and function of elbow and knee.

Objective To prepare the “bacterial ghost” of E.coli with heat-induction and analyse its lysis rate and configuration. Methods Through immediately shifting the culture temperature from 37℃ to 42℃, E.coli DH5? including plasmid pMuH36 was induced to lyse, and the OD value of culture media was measured every 30 minutes during the induction. After 4 hours of induction, the bacteria samples were collected to examine the lysis rate by CFU (colony formation unit) and the configuration of lysed bacteria was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results The OD value of DH5? (pMuH36)began to decline after 1 hour of induction, and increased slowly after 4 hours of induction. The CFU assay showed that the lysis rate was about 95%. TEM observation proved that most of the lysed bacteria were emptied, whereas the whole outmembrane structure, i.e. “bacterial ghost”, remained. Conclusions The E.coli “bacterial ghost” was efficiently prepared and identified, which might provide the basis for further development of a more effective “bacterial ghost” vaccine and adjuvant.

Objective To analyze the X ray findings of enema unreduced (including 4 perforations ) intussusception so as to improve the knowledge about the difficulty of reduction by air enema or the risk of perforation. Methods Of the 552 cases, 506 cases were successfully reduced by air enema. The range of air pressure was 6.67 to 14.67 kPa(60～110 mm Hg). Forty six unreduced cases were cured by operation. The films were taken before and during the reduction period. X ray findings were analyzed compared with that of the operative pathology. Results (1)Abdominal plain films showed total obstruction in 26 cases and asctis in 4 cases; (2) Air enema showed big and lobular masses in 36 cases and the location of masses in distal part of colon in 22 cases; (3)Operation pathology: ileoilecolic intussusception in 35 cases, 15 cases with intestinal necrosis (including 4 perforation cases). In 3 cases, perforations were in the intussusceptum,the other in the intussuscipiens. Conclusion 92% of intussusceptions can be reducted by pressure of air enema. Complex intussusception, with intestinal necrosis and primary intussusceptum, are difficult to reduce, and these patients ought to be operated on time.

Objective To study the effects of glimepiride and short-term intensive therapy with insulin on plasma glucose and beta-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 80 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were divided into two groups of 40 patients each and randomly treated with insulin or glimepiride plus metformin for 8 weeks.The FBG,2hPBG,HbA_1c,improvement of beta-cell function were measured before and after intensive therapy in each group.Results After the treatment,FBG,2hPBG,HbA_1c were significantly decreased (all P<0.001) in each group;FCP and 2hPCP were increased(P<0.05)in each group.Conclusion Glimepiride or short-term intensive therapy with insulin plus metformin could effectively improve glycemic control and beta-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To verify the significance of the morphological changes of the macula and its relationship to visual function by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) after scleral buckling procdure. Methods The macula of retinae of 68 patients (70 eyes) with reattached retinae after scleral buckling operation for retinal detachment were examined by OCT to scan the macula through fovea vertically and horizontally. Results Among the 70 eyes, 22 eyes revealed normal macula with thickness of neurosensory retina meant (146.47?20.59) ?m. In the other 48 eyes (68.60%) with abnormal macula, 19 eyes showed extensive subretinal interspace, 9 eyes showed local subretinal interspace, 8 eyes showed macula edema, 4 eyes showed thin macula, 4 eyes showed subretinal proliferation and 4 eye showed epiretinal membrane over macula. In the normal macular structure group under the OCT, the visual acuity (VA) of the operated eyes was more than 0.3 in 6 eyes 2 weeks after operation and in 14 eyes 3 mons after operation. In the macula edema group, the VA was more than 0.3 in 1 eye 2 weeks after opoeration and 2 eyes 3 mons after operation. In the subretinal interspace group, the VA was more than 0.3 in 5 eyes 2 weeks after operation and in 23 eyes 3 mons after operation. The proportions of the numbers of operated eyes with the VA more than 0.3 after 3 mons of the operation in macular normal group subretinal interspace group and other macular disease group were significantly different (? 2=18.91, P

Objective To evaluate the method, clinical effects and influential factors of using three dimensional external fixators in the treatment of severe open comminuted tibiofibular fractures 5 cm near the knee or ankle joints. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 32 cases of open comminuted tibiofibular fracture 5 cm near the knee (11 cases) or ankle joints (21 cases). They were treated with three dimensional external fixators from October 2000 to May 2005. The patients with small wounds were treated with manipulative reduction or leverage reduction through the wound under the guidance of C-arm radiography. In case of malreduction or soft tissue being tangled by the fracture ends, visible reduction was carried out after the wound was lengthened or a small incision was added. Limited internal fixation was used in case of necessity. The results were evaluated in terms of shortening of the fractured limbs, X-ray manifestation, bilateral flexion differences and postoperative walking complaints. Results Follow-ups from 5 to 18 months (nine months on average) showed that all the cases achieved osseous union. The mean union time was 5.6 months. The total excellent and good rates of fracture healing and functional recovery were 81.3% and 87.5% respectively. Conclusion Application of the three dimensional external fixator is appropriate for the treatment of severe open comminuted tibiofibular fracture 5 cm near the knee or ankle joints, because its operative procedure is simple, the injury it causes is minimal, its fixation is reliable and its complications are quite limited.

Objective To investigate the role of serum and glucocorticoid regulated protein kinase (SGK) 1 in the inflammatory responses mediated by toll like receptors.Methods Mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS,1 mg/kg) 2 h after the pretreatment of EMD638683 (10 mg/kg) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as control.At the time points of 3 and 24 h,pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6,IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) in serum were measured using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Livers and lung were harvested at 6 h and 24 h after the injection of LPS,embedded by optimum cutting temperature (OCT) and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE).Peripheral blood mononuelear cell (PBMC) were isolated and stimulated by LPS with or without the pretreatment of EMD or LY294002.Cytokines (IL-6,IL-12 and TNF-α) were measured using ELISA.IKKα/β,IKBα and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 were detected by Western bolt.Data were analyzed by one way analysis of variance.Results In the model of LPS-induced endotoxin sepsis,inhibition of SGK1 induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 [t=3.007,P＜0.05],IL-12[t=4.413,P＜0.05] and TNF-α[t=5.403,P＜0.05]),increased inflammatory cells infikration into the liver and lung within 6 h,and induced serious multiple organ damage with collapse of alveoli and fatty degeneration of liver.After 24 h,pharmacological inhibition of SGK1 with EMD638683 increased proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6 [t=18.540,P＜0.01],IL-12[t=16.520,P＜0.01] and TNF-α[t=34.880,P＜0.01]) production in human PBMC upon LPS stimulation and inhibited the phosphorylation of IKKα/ β/IKBα and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65.Conclusions SGK1 suppresses the toll like receptor 4 mediated inflammatory responses via NF-κB.

Objective To evaluate three different tracer-kinetic models used for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) data processing in the prediction of the histopathologic grade of cerebral gliomas.Methods Forty-one patients with histopathologically graded gliomas (grade Ⅱ 13,grade Ⅲ 14,grade Ⅳ 14)were imaged with DCE-MRI from March,2013 to November,2014.The values of Ktrans of gliomas were obtained by three tracer-kinetic models,which were Patlak model,Tofts model and Extended Tofts Linear model.All data were analyzed statistically by a Graphpad 6.0 statistical software.Comparison of the differences of Ktrans among different grades of gliomas was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's multiple comparisons test for the data not conform to normal distribution.Correlations of Ktrans values among those three models were analyzed using linear regression analysis,The differences of Ktrans between low grades and high grades of gliomas was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to determine the cut-off values for Ktrans to distinguish different low grades and high grades of gliomas.Results The Ktrans values obtained by Patlak model was 0.008(0.004-0.043) min-1for grade Ⅱ,0.021(0.005-0.088) min-1 for grade Ⅲ,and 0.035(0.017-0.061) min-1 for grade Ⅳ.The Ktrans values obtained by Tofts model was 0.085 (0.041-0.158)min 1for grade Ⅱ,0.140 (0.063-0.315) min-1for grade Ⅲ,0.229 (0.126-0.419)min 1 for grade Ⅳ.The Ktrans values obtained by Extended Tofts Linear model was 0.012 (0.004-0.092) min 1 for grade Ⅱ,0.048 (0.010-0.188) min-t for grade Ⅲ,0.094 (0.036-0.215)min 1 for grade Ⅳ.All the Ktrans values obtained by three models increased when the histological grades increased,with statistical significance between grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ (H=18.31,18.09,20.18,P＜0.05).Ktrans values among the three models had good linear correlations.The Ktrans obtained by Extended Tofts Linear model had good linear correlations with both Patlak model and Tofts model (r=0.933,0.893,P＜0.05),and the Ktrans obtained by Patlak model had less linear correlation with Tofts model (r=0.822,P＜0.05).The K values were statistically different between LGG and HGG (P＜0.01).The cut-off value of K provided good combination of sensitivity and specificity in the differentiation between LGG and HGG,and the K obtained by Extended Tofts Linear model had the best sensitivity and specificity among the three models (sensitivity 92.3％,specificity 85.7％).Conclusions K from DCE-MRI has a high performance in predicting the histopathologic grade of brain glioma,and the Extended Tofts Linear model is more suitable for the evaluation of cerebral glioma.

Objective To understand the correlation between TCM service utilization and health behavior of community residents.MethodsAself-designed questionnaire about TCM service utilization and health behavior status was used to investigate 200 people from 4 communities on random sampling. The items in the questionnaire were evaluated and analyzed to test the correlation of TCM service utilization and health behavior of community residents.Results The two indexes significantly correlated in 0.01 level (bilateral),r=0.674, bilateralP=0.000.Conclusion The correlation between TCM community service utilization and health behavior status is positive. The higher the level of TCM community services utilization is, the higher the index value of health behavior status will be.

Objective To investigate the role and its mechanisms of tea polyphenols (TP) in the prevention of diabetic renal fibrosis.Methods Mouse model of diabetes mellitus was induced by high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ,50 mg/kg).Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to determine the transcription and expression of genes related to the renal fibrosis.Results Diabetic mouse model was successfully established by injection of high-fat diet plus STZ.The transcription of E-cadherin was decreased and transcriptions of genes related to the renal fibrosis such as transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1),vimentin,α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),fibronectin,collagen Ⅰ,and collagen Ⅳ were increased in the renal tissues of diabetic mice,which indicated the diabetic nephropathy with renal fibrosis in diabetic mice.Treatment of diabetic mice with TP for 8 weeks could reverse the process of diabetic nephropathy with renal fibrosis in accompanied with the increase of E-cadherin transcription and decrease of TGF-β1-targeted genes such as vimentin,α-SMA,fibronectin,collagen Ⅰ,and collagen Ⅳ in the renal tissues of diabetic mice.Moreover,incubation of normal rat kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) cells with TGF-β1 could also induce the changes in fibrotic morphological and transcription or expression of fibrosis related genes,and all effects of TGF-β1 could be inhibited by TP treatment in NRK-52E cells.Conclusions These results indicate that chronic treatment with TP may relieve renal fibrosis of diabetic nephropathy through the inhibition of TGF-β signaling pathway and provide important experimental data for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.