Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in Desmodium blandum and their antitumor bioactivity.Methods Various chromatographic techniques were employed for the isolation and purification of the constituents by butanol at 50 ℃ including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20.The compounds structures were elucidated by spectral analyses(IR,UV,NMR,and MS).Then their cytotoxic activity was studied.Results They were identified as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (Ⅰ),5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine(Ⅱ),citrusinol(Ⅲ),yukovanol(Ⅳ),(Z)-1-(4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propene(Ⅴ),(Z)-1-(3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) propene(Ⅵ),methyl protocatechuate(Ⅶ),katuranin(Ⅷ).Conclusion Eight compounds are isolated from the stems of D.blandum for the first time.In the MTT antitumor experiments,compounds Ⅰ and Ⅲ—Ⅵ have the cytotoxic activity to KB cell.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Desmodium blandum and their cytotoxic activity against the growth of several tumor cells.

METHODVarious chromatographic techniques including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography were employed for the isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures of compounds were elucidated by spectral analyses (IR, UV, NMR, MS). Their cytotoxic activity was then studied.

RESULTEight compounds were isolated from the stems of D. blandum and identified as N, N-dimethyltryptamine (1), 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (2), citrusinol (3), yukovanol (4), (Z)-1-(4-hydroxy-2, 3-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propene (5), (Z)-1-(3-hydroxy-2, 4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) propene (6), methylprotocatechuate (7), katuranin (8).

CONCLUSIONAmong these compounds, compound 6 was isolated from D. blandum for the first time. In the MTT test, compounds 2 and 6 exhibit cytotoxic activities against the KB cell, and compounds 3 and 6 exhibit the same activities against the HepG2 cell.

Alkenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Benzene Derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; N,N-Dimethyltryptamine ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy on the survival and prognosis of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection.

METHODSThe data of 130 surgically resected but recurrent HCC patients treated by TACE were reviewed retrospectively. The survival and influencing factors on the prognosis were analyzed.

RESULTSThe overall 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of these 130 patients were 83.0%, 45.5% and 17.6% respectively (median survival time 2.4 years). Ninty-four of the series were treated with TACE alone, which gave the 1-, 3- year survival rates of 76.4% and 37.1%, respectively (median survival time 2.1 years). Thirty-six out of 130 patients treated with TACE plus percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), the 1-, 3-year survival rates were 100.0% and 66.5% respectively with a median survival time (MST) of 3.5 years. The survival of TACE plus PEI group was significantly better, and the mortality risk was significantly lower than that of TACE alone group (P < 0.05). The mortality risk of those with > 5 cm diameter recurrent tumor or with distant metastasis was significantly higher than those with < or = 5 cm diameter tumor or without metastasis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTACE combined with PEI may improve the survival of recurrent HCC patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Child ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; administration & dosage ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; therapy ; Postoperative Period ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate cardiac function impairment and myocardial injury in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion and the protective effect of cromolyn sodium.

METHODSThirty-two SD rats were randomized into 4 groups (n=8), namely the sham operation group, model group, 50 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group, and 25 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group. Intestinal damage was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min. Cromolyn Sodium was administrated intaperitoneally 15 min before reperfusion. The heart rate (HR), left ventricle pressure (LVSP), and the maximal/minimum rate of LVSP (+dp/dt(max), -dp/dt(max)) were sacrificed immediately before ischemia (baseline, T(0)), at 15 min (T(1)), 30 min (T(2)), 45 min (T(3)) of ischemia, and at 3 min (T(4)), 5 min (T(5)), 10 min (T(6)), 15 min (T(7)), 45 min (T(8)), 60 min (T(9)) of reperfusion. At the end of the experiment, the rats were executed and the hearts were immediately removed for observation of the pathological changes and determination of MDA contents and SOD activity.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline T(0), the HR, +dp/dt(max), -dp/dt(max) and the LVSP were decreased significantly at T(8) and T(9) in the model group and the two cromolyn sodium groups (P<0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, these indices were also significantly decreased at T(8) and T(9) in the model group and the two cromolyn sodium groups, but the model group had significantly lower levels for these indices at T(8) and T(9) than the two cromolyn sodium groups (P<0.05). The score of myocardial injury in the model group and the two cromolyn sodium groups were significantly higher than that of group A, and 50 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group had lower score than the model group (P<0.05). The rats in the model group had significantly higher MDA levels than those in the sham operation group and the 50 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group. SOD activities in the model group and 25 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group was lower than that in the sham operation group (P<0.05), but 50 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group had significantly higher SOD activities than the model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCromolyn sodium can protect the myocardium against intestal ischemia-reperfusion injury and improve the cardiac function.

Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cromolyn Sodium ; pharmacology ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Intestines ; blood supply ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; blood ; prevention & control ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; metabolism ; Time Factors

Introduction: Personality is defined as a person’s characteristic pattern of behaviors in the broad sense (including thoughts, feelings and motivation) and it is enduring over time. However, studies found that there could be an alternative concept regarding personality as state-dependent. Borderline personality organization is a pathological personality that was described by Otto Kernberg with a combined psychological-object relations approach that illustrated a group of patients characterised by ego weakness, primitive defensive operations and problematic object relations. Objective: This case report highlighted the psychodynamic concepts regarding borderline personality organization in a patient with major depressive disorder and self-harm behaviour. Result: A young female with major depressive disorder with self-harm behaviours. Her presenting symptoms could be clearly described by structural, descriptive and genetic-dynamic analysis of borderline personality organization that included nonspecific manifestations of ego weakness, specific defensive operations and pathological internalized object relations. Conclusion Our female client responded well after receiving both pharmacotherapy and psychodynamic therapy for major depressive disorder. The features of borderline personality organization in her were resolving. This could suggest the alternative concept of personality as state-dependent rather than stable and enduring.

BACKGROUNDThe genome of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) includes sequences encoding the putative protein X4 (ORF8, ORF7a), consisting of 122 amino acids. The deduced sequence contains a probable cleaved signal peptide sequence and a C-terminal transmembrane helix, indicating that protein X4 is likely to be a type I membrane protein. This study was conducted to demonstrate whether the protein X4 was expressed and its essential function in the process of SARS-CoV infection.

METHODSThe prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein X4-expressing plasmids were constructed. Recombinant soluble protein X4 was purified from E. coli using ion exchange chromatography, and the preparation was injected into chicken for rising specific polyclonal antibodies. The expression of protein X4 in SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells and lung tissues from patients with SARS was performed using immunofluorescence assay and immunohistochemistry technique. The preliminary function of protein X4 was evaluated by treatment with and over-expression of protein X4 in cell lines. Western blot was employed to evaluate the expression of protein X4 in SARS-CoV particles.

RESULTSWe expressed and purified soluble recombinant protein X4 from E.coli, and generated specific antibodies against protein X4. Western blot proved that the protein X4 was not assembled in the SARS-CoV particles. Indirect immunofluorescence assays revealed that the expression of protein X4 was detected at 8 hours after infection in SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells. It was also detected in the lung tissues from patients with SARS. Treatment with and overexpression of protein X4 inhibited the growth of Balb/c 3T3 cells as determined by cell counting and MTT assays.

CONCLUSIONThe results provide the evidence of protein X4 expression following SARS-CoV infection, and may facilitate further investigation of the immunopathological mechanism of SARS.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; BALB 3T3 Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Growth Inhibitors ; analysis ; physiology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; chemistry ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; SARS Virus ; chemistry ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; metabolism ; Vero Cells ; Viral Structural Proteins ; analysis ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with residual tumor.

METHODSThe patients were classified into intervention group (with adjuvant TACE) and control group (without adjuvant TACE) who were further stratified to those with high risk (patients with single tumor > 5 cm in diameter, or with multiple tumors, invasion to blood vessels), and low risk factors. Univariate analysis and Cox model were used to analyse prognostic factors.

RESULTSIn low risk patients with residual tumor, the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-year survival rate was 97.2%, 78.0%, 66.5% and 66.5% in the intervention group, and 91.2%, 81.4%, 70.3% and 54.4% in the control group, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in survival (log-rank P = 0.7667). Comparing with the control group, the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-year survival rate was 89.5%, 73.4%, 59.2% and 53.8% in the intervention group, and 70.5%, 61.9%, 46.8% and 46.8% in the control group, respectively. Postoperative adjuvant TACE significantly prolonged the survival in high risk patients with residual tumor (P = 0.0029). Cox model revealed that the benefit of adjuvant TACE was significantly increased by the high risk factors in HCC patients with residual tumor.

CONCLUSIONThe beneficial effect of postoperative TACE was only observed in high risk patients with residual tumor but not in the low risk patients with residual tumor.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; mortality ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Survival Rate

Objective To observe the value of 5.0T MRI for quantifying proton density fat fraction(PDFF)of liver.Methods Liver chemical shift encoded(CSE)MR scanning were prospectively performed using 5.0T,3.0T and 1.5T scanner in 30 volunteers,respectively,and CSE-PDFF were measured.Then MR spectroscopy(MRS)were performed using 5.0T and 1.5T scanner,respectively,and MRS-PDFF were also measured.The consistency of liver PDFF measured on different images was observed,and the value of 5.0T MRI for liver PDFF was analyzed.Results The overall consistencies of liver CSE-PDFF measured with 5.0T,3.0T and 1.5T MR scanner were all good(all ICC＞0.75,all P＜0.001).The consistency of liver CSE-PDFF based on 5.0T and 3.0T,1.5T MR scanner were both good(ICC=0.989,0.992,both P＜0.001).The overall consistencies of CSE-PDFF based on 5.0T MR and MRS-PDFF based on 5.0T and 1.5T MR were both good(both ICC＞0.75,both P＜0.001).CSE-PDFF had good consistency with MRS-PDFF based on same 5.0T MR scanner(ICC=0.988,P＜0.001),and CSE-PDFF based on 5.0T had good consistency with MRS-PDFF based on 1.5T MR scanner(ICC=0.978,P＜0.001).Conclusion 5.0T MRI had high value for quantifying liver PDFF.

Objective:To compare the total daily doses of 16 active components in big honeyed pills, concentrated pills and tablets of Fuzi Lizhongwan. Method:Three dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan were prepared according to the process described in the literature. RRLC-QqQ-MS was employed to analyze the contents of 16 active ingredients with mobile phase of 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution-0.1%formic acid acetonitrile solution for gradient elution,the separation was performed on a Accucore RP-MS column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.6 μm) with a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1 and the column temperature at 30℃, the mass spectrometry condition was electrospray ion source, positive and negative ion switching mode for detection, multi-reaction monitoring mode(MRM) for scanning. The contents of 16 active ingredients were calculated, and the normalization arithmetic method was used for comparing the total daily doses of these active ingredients in three dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan. Result:Processed products of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata were used as raw powder in preparation process of the three dosage forms, so there was no significant difference in the contents of six alkaloids in the three dosage forms, while the contents of other 10 active ingredients from Zingiberis Rhizoma, Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle were significantly higher in big honeyed pills than those in concentrated pills or tablets(P<0.01), due to the differences in the extracting solvents(ethanol and water) and ethanol concentration, the contents of other 10 active ingredients between concentrated pills and tablets were also significant differences. The total daily doses of these 16 active components were 18.764, 17.530, 5.676 mg in big honeyed pills, concentrated pills and tablets, respectively. The concentrated pills exhibited the highest normalization arithmetic score of 0.717 5 compared with 0.605 4 and 0.312 4 separately in big honeyed pills and tablets, it was mainly owing to the maximum amount of raw material per day in concentrated pills. Conclusion:The total daily doses of 16 active ingredients in the three dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan are significantly different caused by preparation process, prescription and dosage.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.