Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; HIV-1 ; Humans

AIM: To establish a new method for quick identifying Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(Flos Lonicerae japonicae,Radix Scutella riae,Fructus Forsythiae) by AOTF-Near infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: Near infrared spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis. RESULTS: The model SHL-C of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid could distinguish Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid from Yinhuang Oral Liquid and other 9 kinds of these(oral) liquids. CONCLUSION: The method is quick,simple and low cost assay technique and can be used to identification of Shnanghuanglian Oral Liquid.

Objective To study the clinical effect analysis of Thailand pill and Qinghao Biejia Decoction in treating climacteric syndrome. Methods 80 cases of climacteric syndrome treated in our hospital from February 2015 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, with 40 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were given conventional treatment, including vitamins and 1 mg estradiol valerate, 1 times per day. Patients in the experimental group were given Thailand pill and Qinghao Biejia decoction, two times a day to take water for 30min, the two groups were treated for 40 days. The therapeutic effects of the patients in the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed. Results After the corresponding treatment, the effective rate of treatment in the experimental group (95.0 %) was significantly higher than that in the control group (75.0 %), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, there were no serious adverse reactions in the experimental group and the control group, and the safety was better. Two groups of patients before and after treatment of liver and kidney test, as well as feces, blood and urine test results are not unusual, and related adverse reactions. The irritable and Fanre signs disappeared rate in the experimental group were 75.0 % and 80.0 %,the disappearance rate in the control group were 50.0 % and 60.0 %. Conclusion The clinical effect of Thailand pill and Qinghao Biejia.0 Decoction in treating climacteric syndrome, good safety, with further clinical promotion and application significance.

OBJECTIVE:To apply AOTF-near infrared spectroscopy for quick identification of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid and Yinhuang oral liquid.METHODS:Yinhuang oral liquid and Shuanghuanglian oral liquid samples of different batches from different manufacturers were collected for collection of their near infrared spectra.The qualitative analysis models of the two kinds of oral liquid were established respectively using principal component analysis.Meanwhile,the established models were used to analyze and validate each other.RESULTS:The established qualitative analysis models of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid and Yinhuang oral liquid could be applied to validate and identify each other correctly.CONCLUSION:The method was proved to be a simple,rapid new analytical technique with low cost,and it can be used for a quick identification of Shuangh-uanglian oral liquid and Yinhuang oral liquid.

Objective: To determint the effects of combination of parentral nurition(PN) with enteral nutrition(EN) in the early treatment of patients with postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome(PGS). Methods: Eight cases of PGS recieved only PN. Fourteen cases of PGS recieved the combination of PN with EN. The changement of temperature, WBC, GLU, TBA and ALP in the two groups of the patients was observed for more than one week. Results: The average positive rates between the two groups were not significantly different within one week. After one week, the average positive rate in PN group was 62.5% and 27% in PN+EN group. Conclusions: In the early treatment of PGS, application of combination of PN and EN can shorten the duration and decrease the complications of PN.

OBJECTIVE: To study the tissue distribution of 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) in rats. METHODS: NBP was analyzed on a Hypersil ODS2 column with the mobile phase consisting of 0.05 moL · L-1 sodium acetate-acetonitrile (50: 50, adjust pH to 4.5 with acetic acid). The flow rate was 1.0 mL · min-1 and the column temperature was 40°C. The wavelength of UV detector was set at 228 nm. A single dose of 360 mg · kg-1 NBP suspensions was administered orally to rats. The tissues of heart, brain, liver and kidney were taken at 1, 2, 4 and 8 h after administration. NBP concentrations in tissues were assayed by HPLC-UV method. RESULTS: The calibration curves for NBP in tissues were obtained over the concentration range of 0.0498 - 9.96 μg · mL-1 with good linearity and recoveries. The concentration of NBP at 1 h after administration was maximum in kidney followed by brain, heart and liver. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, sensitive, specific, accurate and stable. It can be used for the study on tissue distribution of NBP in rats. The results show that NBP is rapidly and widely distributed in rats and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Triple-negative breast cancer is defined by the absence of expression of oestrogen, progesterone, and Her-2 receptors. The clinicopathological characteristics include: higher histological grades, earlier relapse with worse prognosis, and a higher incidence of visceral metastases than bone metastases. Since it has no response to hormone treatment and targeted therapy for Her-2, chemotherapy became the main therapy. In addition, it may have a relationship with basal-like breast cancer and BRCAl-related breast cancer on the phenotype and molecular level. Inter-individual variations in DNA damage and repair have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. BRCA1 together with its associated genes such as BRCA2, ATM, RAD51 and CHEK2 play vital roles in different DNA repair pathways to preserve genome stability. Therefore variations of BRCA1 and its associated genes in multiple repair pathways may result in reduced DNA repair capacity and altered sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents,which could promote incidence of distant metastases. Reduced DNA repair capacity and dysfunctional BRCA1 pathway in triple-negative breast cancer have been reported, however the detailed mechanisms are still unknown. Do the genetic variations of tumor cells or resistance of tumor cells to therapeutic drugs play the dominant role in high incidence of metastases in patients with triple-negative breast cancer? In this review, the association of dysfunctional BRCA1-related DNA repair pathways with high incidence of metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer would be introduced.

Triple-negative breast cancer is defined by the absence of expression of oestrogen, progesterone, and Her-2 receptors. The clinicopathological characteristics include: higher histological grades, earlier relapse with worse prognosis, and a higher incidence of visceral metastases than bone metastases. Since it has no response to hormone treatment and targeted therapy for Her-2, chemotherapy became the main therapy. In addition, it may have a relationship with basal-like breast cancer and BRCA1-related breast cancer on the phenotype and molecular level. Inter-individual variations in DNA damage and repair have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. BRCA1 together with its associated genes such as BRCA2, ATM, RAD51 and CHEK2 play vital roles in different DNA repair pathways to preserve genome stability. Therefore variations of BRCA1 and its associated genes in multiple repair pathways may result in reduced DNA repair capacity and altered sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, which could promote incidence of distant metastases. Reduced DNA repair capacity and dysfunctional BRCA1 pathway in triple-negative breast cancer have been reported, however the detailed mechanisms are still unknown. Do the genetic variations of tumor cells or resistance of tumor cells to therapeutic drugs play the dominant role in high incidence of metastases in patients with triple-negative breast cancer? In this review, the association of dysfunctional BRCA1-related DNA repair pathways with high incidence of metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer would be introduced.

Patients undergoing hepatobiliary surgery are very vulnerable to malnutrition while surgeons' knowledge on evidence-based guidelines in surgical nutrition remains poor. Efforts are therefore necessary to implement routine nutritional screening and nutritional support. Rea sonable measures in perioperative nutritional intervention ameliorate pre- and postoperative status of the patient and reduce surgical complications through regulation of immunity,adjustment of glucose concentration and maintenance of tissue and organ functions. Modern surgical achievements using fast- track surgery and minimally invasive surgery provide the opportunity to focus on early intestinal feeding to hepatobiliary surgery patients in the postoperative period.Perioperative nutrition support not only provides nutritional substrates but also modifies the composition of nutritional regimen by adding supernormal doses of specific substrates to improve surgical outcomes. As a consequence,the term “nutrition therapy” instead of “nutrition support” is more acceptable in this era of immunonutrition.

Cystatin C (Cys C) is used to evaluate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal function and thus reflects changes in endogenous marker. Cys C is not affected by gender, muscle mass, malignancy and its production rate is usually constant, making it one of ideal markes of GFR. This article focuses on clinical application and research of Cys C in a variety of renal diseases, especially in renal dysfunction at an early stage of clinical significance.