Objective To determine the content of ECEGC in Salacia amplifolia by HPLC.Method HYPERSIL C18 column was used with a mixture of methanol and water(30∶70) as mobile phase,and detected at 283 nm.Result The linear range was 0.444 8～7.116 8 ?g(r =0.999 9) for ECEGC.The average recovery was 100.30%.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid,accurate and reliable.

Pancreatic neoplasm is one of the most commonly-appeared digestive tumors and has been well-recognized as the poor diseases which have the difficulties in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis estimation.Recently,the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been a pretty highlight of the research on detecting tumor cells in peripheral blood,and furthermore,the clinical value in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis prediction has already been verified through a large amount of samples analyses in various kinds of tumor diseases.This paper aims to review and conclude the techniques of CTCs enrichment,detection and clinical implications in pancreatic neoplasms.In addition,the existing papers have been summarized and prospect of application of CTCs is also presented.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of GM1 ganglioside treatment for persons with Parkinson's disease.Methods33 Parkinson's disease patients with a fluctuating response to levodopa received 100 mg GM1 ganglioside (used as add-on agent to the previous medication regimen) daily. Unified Parkinson's disease Rating scale (UPDRS) motor score and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score were measure before and 2, 3 or 4 weeks after treatment. The side-effect of GM1 during treatment were observed. ResultsAfter 2, 3, 4 weeks of treatment, There was significant improvement in patients with GM1 treament on the UPDRS motor scores were (23.5±8.9), (22.8±8.3) and (22.5±9.1) respectively, which was improved compared with that before (36.7±10.2) (P<0.01). The ADL portion of the UPDRS at these time were (21.4±10.9), (20.3±9.5) and (20.6±10.2) respectively, also showed significant improvement compared with the baseline (30.5±12.1) (P<0.01). However, there was no significant differece between the scores that measured at the time spots 2 weeks after treatment.No side-effect had been observed.ConclusionGM1 ganglioside can improve neurologic function significantly in PD patients with fluctuating response to levodopa.

Objective To analyze the prevalence rate and risk factors for aspiration pneumonia in elderly inpatients,and to identify a high-risk population for aspiration pneumonia.Methods Totally 398 inpatients aged ≥ 60 years in Beijing Hospital from April 2014 to April 2015 were selected.A questionnaire survey was performed for aspiration risk factors,including gender,age,smoking and drinking history,swallowing function,basal diseases,medication history,activities of daily living(ADL),occurrence of aspiration pneumonia over the past year.The patients were divided into aspiration pneumonia group and non-aspiration pneumonia group,and the prevalence rate and risk factors for aspiration pneumonia were studied.Results 364 cases with complete data were collected,and 14.3％ (52/364)were identified definitively as aspiration pneumonia over the past year.The ADL score was (77.0± 33.9) scales in aspiration pneumonia group,and (88.0 ± 22.2) scales in non-aspiration pneumonia group,with statistically significant difference (P＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of aspiration pneumonia was increased along with the increase of the age of patients.Risk factors for aspiration pneumonia were different in different age group.The proportion of patients aged 60-69,70-79 and over 80 years were 23.1％ (12 cases),36.5％ (19 cases),40.4％ (23 cases)in the aspiration pneumonia group,respectively.Under the condition of a propensity score-matched case-control pair design on 104 subjects with versus without aspiration pneumonia,the logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history,coronary heart disease,Parkinson's disease,dementia,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),gastro-esophageal reflux disease(GERD),long-term uses of theophylline,calcium antagonists,nitrates,diazepam,antidepressants,anti-Parkinson drugs were the risk factors for aspiration pneumonia in elderly(all P＜0.05).Conclusions Smoking history,basal diseases and medication history are associated with the incidence rate of aspiration pneumonia in elderly.Assessment of these risk factors for aspiration pneumonia should be emphasized,and preventive measures should be considered conscientiously to lower the incidence rate of aspiration pneumonia in elderly.

Taking hyperthyroidism, anti-hyperthyroidism drugs and anti-hyperthyroidism combination as the keywords, 121 litera-tures on hyperthyroidism treatment were reviewed on CNKI and VIP database, and among them, 37 ones were selected as the represent-ative references. The clinical application was reviewed and summarized. Thiourea drugs are the first choice in the clinical treatment of hyperthyroidism;however, they show obvious side effects. Therefore, the drug combination use, especially the combination of Chinese and western medicines was proposed, which could rapidly improve the symptoms and the quality of life, reduce the dosage of western medicines and adverse reactions, and consolidate the curative effect and prevent the recurrence.

功能性电刺激（FES）这一技术打开了瘫痪运动功能重建的一个广阔领域。在临床应用的推广中，对FES的基本原理和存在的问题有充分的认识，是应用成功的关键因素之一。本文分三部分阐述FES的基本概念、设计和应用。第一部分将讨论电刺激的阈值、募集顺序等概念。第二部分将介绍肌肉电刺激的安全参数范围、组织损伤，并讨论刺激器的设计。第三部分以C5/C6患者手功能重建为例，阐明功能性电刺激系统的工作原理。

Objective To determine whether Ca2+ activated Cl- current(Icl(Ca)) contributes to the functional remodeling of the failing heart.Methods Whole cell patch-clamp recording technique was employed to record the Icl(Ca) in cardiac myocytes enzymatically isolatedfrom rapidly pacing induced canine failing hearts at room temperature and compared that of the normal hearts (Nor).Results Thecurrent density of DIDS(200M)sensitive Icl(Ca) induced by intracellular Ca2+ release trigged by L-type Ca2+ current(Ica,L)wassignificantly decreased in heart failare(HE)cells compared to Nor cells.At membrane voltage of 20mV,the Icl(Ca) density was 3.02±0.54 pA/pF in Nor(n=6)vs.1.31±0.25 pA/pF in HF(n=8)cells,(P＜0.01),while the averaged Ica,L density did not show differencebetween two groups.The time constant of current decay of Icl(Ca) was similar in both types of cells.On the other hand,in intra cellularCa2+ clamped mode,where the[Ca2+];was maintained at 100nmol/L,Icl(Ca) density be increased significantly in HF cells when themembrane voltage at+30mV or higher.Conclusions Our results suggest that Icl(Ca) density was decreased in pacing induced failingheart but the channel function be enhanced.Impaired Ca2+ handing in HF cells rather than reduced,Icl(Ca) channel function itself may havecaused this abnormality.The Icl(Ca) density reduction might contribute to the prolongation of action potential in failing heart.The Icl(Ca)channel function up-rugulation is likely to cause cardiac arrhythmia by inducing a delayed after depolarization,when Ca2+ overloadoccurred in diastolic failing heart cells.

Objective To explore the application of project management theory in spinal orthopedic nursing personnel training. Methods Project management team was established in Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital based on project management theory in January 2016. Psychology and sleep,nutrition, rehabilitation and other 10 project management teams in total were constructed after strict nursing team training, and nursing personnel training was carried out. Using convenience sampling method,50 nursing staff working in spinal orthopedic department from April to December 2015 were recruited in control group,and 50 nursing staff working from April to December 2016 were recruited in experimental group. On the basis of traditional training mode which was applied in control group,experimental group focused on the project sub-specialty,and then consciously carried out the personnel training work. Compare evaluation of nurses before and after the project management. At the same time,a convenience sampling method was adopted to investigate the satisfaction of 100 discharging patients. Results The understanding of project definition,nursing capacity,nursing work efficiency,patients and their families′ respect for nursing work,nursing research capacity and teamwork ability of experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (P< 0.05). Patient satisfaction improved after carrying out the project management,and the difference was statistical significant (P=0.013). Conclusions The project management theory provides a theoretical basis for nursing personnel training,which has important guiding significance for the training of clinical nursing personnel.

Objective To evaluate abdominal CT scan in predicting complications and mortality of acute pancreatitis patients. Methods CT imaging data of 606 AP patients from June 2010 to October 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Fatty liver, pleural effusion, suprahepatic space effusion, biliary tract disease,gastric bare area involvement (GBAI),adrenal gland involvement (AGI) and perirenal space involvement (PSI) were evaluated,and the relationship between CT findings and complications and mortality was analyzed. Results (1) The Logistic regression analysis showed six risk factors for complications of AP,including obesity,fatty liver,PSI,AGI,GBAI and suprahepatic space effusion.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of Logistic regression model for predicting complications were 81.3％,89.1％ and 85.3 ％,respectively. (2) The Logistic regression analysis showed four risk factors for mortality of AP,including obesity,AGI,GBA and suprahepatic space effusion.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of Logistic regression model for predicting mortality were 33.3％, 98.6％, 96.0％, respectively.Conclusions Abdominal CT scan effectively indicates the signs of tissue and organ involvement in AP.These CT findings relate with the prognosis of AP.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect and immunologic regulation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in rats with experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods The hAMSCs from human amnion were isolated and cultured in vitro,then phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry.T1DM were produced by administering streptozocin to rats.The rats were divided into normal control group (n =6),T1 DM model group (n =6),medium treated group (n =6),hAMSCs transplanted group(n =6),and insulin treated group(n =6).5 × 106of hAMSCs or vehicle were administered to rats via sublingual vein.Blood glucose levels of rats were recorded weekly in the groups for six weeks by Blood Sugar Meter.At the end of 6 weeks after hAMSCs transplantation,concentrations of plasma insulin were detected by ELISA; histopathological changes of pancreas,surviwl and differentiation of transplanted hAMSCs in pancreatic tissue were studied with HE staining,and immunofluorescence staining; percentages of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined by flow cytometry ; concentrations of plasma cytokines were determined by cytometric bead array.Results After hAMSCs transplantation,blood glucose levels in rats with T1DM were decreased (P ＜ 0.01),while concentrations of plasma insulin were increased significantly (P＜0.01).At 6 weeks,cell-treated animals showed an improvement in pancreas damage ; the percentages of CD4 + IFN-γ+ (Th 1) and C D4 + interleukin (IL)-17 + (Th 17) cells were reduced (all P＜0.05),while the percentages of FoxP3-positive regulatory T cells (FoxP3 +Treg) and CD4+ IL-4+(Th2) cells were increased (all P＜0.01) ; plasma concentrations of interferon-γ,IL-2,and tumor necrosis factor-αwere decreased (all P＜0.01),but IL-4 level was increased (P＜0.05).No histological evidence of insulin producing cells from hAMSCs was seen within pancreas.Conclusions hAMSCs may reduce blood glucose and alleviate the islet damage in rats with T1 DM,which is related to their potential to up-regulate FoxP3 +Treg cells.