A comparision of the ECa 109 esophageal epithelial carcinoma cells and normal esophageal epithelial cells was made. Electron microscopically these two cells revealed remarkable differences. The normal esophageal epithelial cells had narrow intercellular space, fewer microvilli, more desmosomes and tonofilaments, with small and round nucleus. No polyribosome could be seen. The ECa 109 cells had wider intercellular space, more microvilli, fewer desmosomes and tonofilaments, larger and irregular nucleus, large and distinct nucleolus. Besides, the appearance of polyribosome was characteristic of cancer cells. Thus, the following characteristics were used as makers of cell differentiation: 1. less microvilli; 2. abundant tonofilaments; 3. more desmosomes; 4. monoribosomes; 5. round nucleus; 6. small nucleus/cytoplasma ratio.Upon addition of 2％ DMSO ECa 109 under went striking morphological changes resembling the terminal differentiation stage of normal esophageal epithelial cells.Inaddition, after DMSO treatment, circular Golgi complexes surrounded by small vesicles could be seen. Small vesicles and primary and secondary lysosomesappeared too. Electron-dense particles with halo were easily seen in the nuclei.

The effect of cytochalasin D on ECa109 esophageal sqamous cancer cells was studied. When (ECa109) cells were treated with 0.2～1?g/ml cytochalasin D, small epithelial cells with a few microvilli could be seen. After incubation with 0.5?g/ml of cytochalasin D for one or three days, irregular buds containing endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and Golgi complexes grew out from the surface of the epithelial cells. The target-shaped mitochondria, the "confronting cisterna" of the endoplasmic reticulum, ring-shaped endoplasmic reticulum and disaggregated Golgi complexes were appeared in the cytoplasm. After treatment with 0.2?g/ml of cytochalasin D for one day multinucleated epithelial cells appeared. There were 2～6 nuclei, with different in size and shape. Some nuclei were fully enclosed with neuclear envelops and the others only partically. Mitotic cells could be seen too. The effect of cytochalasin D on the structure and function of the epithelial cells and the different roles played by the actin and tubulin in keeping the normal function of the cytoskeleton system of the ECa109 cells were discussed.

The surface and ultrastructure of the interphase and mitotic ECa 109 esophagealcancer epithelial cells were investigated by means of scanning and transmission electronmicroscopes.The electron microscopies revealed that cells grown in culture haddifferent external appearances during the different phases of cell cycle.At interphase,the cells were flattened and irregular in shapes,the surface were covered with microvilli.Centrosome,tonofilaments,mitochondria could be found in the cytoplasm.The largeand irregular shaped nucleus was located at the centre.It had one or more nucleoli.During the mitotic phase the cells were spherical and they became first cylindricaland then dumb-bell in shapes,Finally,they divided into daughter cells.There werespindle area and non-spindle area in the cell.The former was at the center of thecell and the latter occupied the outer part of the cell.In the spindle area,thechromatin clumped and the centrioles were prominent,the chromosomes were close tothe equatorial plate.The spindle tubules were seen radiating from the centriole andattached to chromosome at the kinetochore,and among them there were a fewmitochondria.In the non-spindle area,the cell organelles could be observed but fewGolgi complex present.It was shown that many changes of the cells could be foundduring mitosis,and that the spindle-fibers,filopodia,rod-like elements and the cellmembranes might play an important role during mitosis.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Isoenzymes ; blood ; Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders ; blood ; diagnosis ; Risk Factors

Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Preoperative Care ; Tachycardia ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the blood-saving effect of tranexamic acid in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement.Methods One hundred and sixty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patientss of both sexes,aged 65-70 yr,with a body mass index of 16-22kg/m2,undergoing total hip replacement,were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =80,each):control group(group C)and tranexamic acid group(group T).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl,etomidate and atracurium.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.PEr CO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg.Aneslhesia was maintained with propofol,remifentanil and atracurium.Before the skin incision,tranexamic acid 15 mg/kg was infused over 15 m in in group T,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.Hemoglobin(Hb),platelet count(PLT),prothrombin time(PT),and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)were monitored during operation to guide blood transfusion.Intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were recorded.Postoperative complications were also recorded.Results There was no significant difference in the amount of intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05).The amount of postoperative blood loss was significantly smaller and less allogeneic red blood cell was transfused in group T than in group C(P ＜ 0.05).No complications occurred after operation in either group.Conchusion Tranexamic acid has blood-saving effect in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement,but the clinical value is limited.

Objective To evaluate efficacy and clinical feasibility of 125Ⅰ combined with high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods.The study included 10 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(primary hepatic carcinoma,5 cases.Tumor recurrence of hepatocelluhr carcinoma after hepatecomy,5 cases).All the cases were treated with 125I combined with HIFU.Resultsl The operationWas successfully completed in all the cases.No severe post-operative complication occurred.CT acall found no displacement of 125Ⅰ seeds.CT 8can showed that reduced size of tmnor changed in different degree.The l month,3 month,6 month and l year survival cases were 8,7,5 and 2.During 3 to 18 months follow up,2 cases died within 1 month.Two cases survived more than 22 months.Conclusion Using 125Ⅰ combined with HIFU is safe,minimally invasive and effective for treatment of hepatocellular careinom.

Objective To analyze the differential expression of protein in taxol-resistance from elderly females with ovarian cancer, by compared proteomics analysis and identified the candidated marker in the clinical tissues. Methods Soluble fraction proteins in two SKOV3 taxol-resistant cells, SK-TR30 and SK-TR2500 and one A2780 taxol-resistant cell, A2780-TR paired taxol-sensitive ovarian cancer cells were separated and prepared by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed proteins were selected and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/lonization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS) and database search. 2-DE profiles with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Then highly expressed protein-cofilin1 which exist in two forms of de-phosphorylate was detected and compared between human ovarian cancer specimens including 22 elderly female with chemosensitive and 21 elderly female with chemoresistant by immunohistochemistry. Results Among the identified proteins, there were sixteen over/under-expressed proteins in taxol-resistant cell lines as compared with taxol-sensitive cell lines. In particular, overexpression of cofilin1 and destrin were displayed in all three taxol-resistant cell lines. The expression of phosphorylation of cofilin (P＜0.05), but not cofilin1, displayed much higher in chemoresistant than in chemosensitive group. Conclusions Cofilin1 may play a role of taxol resistance by phosphorylation of ovarian cancer cell. However, the mechanisms need to be elucidated further.

Objective To evaluate the use of flexible cystoscope in the surgical management of complex renal calculi. Methods Flexible cystoscope and a set of stone baskets were used to help the surgical of complex renal calculi via the renal pelvis incision or the dilated ureter during operation.A pyelostomy with the use of a Foley's catheter was carried out if necessary and the residual stones could be removed via the pyelostomy tract later on. Results 31 cases of complex renal stones have been surgically treated.Flexible cystostomy was used intraoperatively in 11,postoperatively for the removal of residual stones in 16 and being used both intra and postoperatively in 4.A total of 106 stones have been removed.26 patients ( 83.9 %) have been free from any stone.2(6.4%) have undergone ESWL followed by flexible cystoscopy to remove the residual stones.3 patients (9.7%),however,still had residual stones in spite of the above procedure. Conclusions Flexible cystoscopy as an adjuvant procedure is an effective means in the surgical treatment of complex renal calculi especially for the removal of residual stones.The procedure is simple,safe and less expansive.

Obesity-related diabetes and the metabolic syndrome are significantly related to increased adipose tissue mass.Understanding of the effect of adipose tissue on the metabolic regulation will play a key role in therapeutic strategies aimed to reduce obesity-induced insulin resistance and alleviate symptoms of the metabolic syndrome.Visfatin is a novel adipokine that appears to be preferentially produced by visceral adipose tissue and has insulin-mimetic actions.We discusse the relationship between visfatin and metabolic syndrome as well as future therapeutic strategies to these diseases.