The modest pressure promotes the graduate to keep continuous energy and focus on scientific research,but too much pressure will lead to mental problem and serious moral shortcoming.Reformation of scientific evaluating and promoting system,enhancement of scientific interest and reconstruction of mental training system should be the important ways to release the pressure of scientific research of the graduate.

In recent years, damage control is well established as a potentially life-saving procedure in a few selected critically injured patients. The "damage control" concept also has been shown to increase overall survival and is likely to modify the management of critically ill patients suffering from gastrointestinal disease. In these patients the "lethal triad" of hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy acts as a vicious cycle that often can not be interrupted and marks the limit of the patient's ability to cope with the physiological consequences of traditional and extensive surgical procedures. The principles of damage control are to control bleeding, obstruction, and/or infection until the physiologic derangement has been restored and the patient could undergo a prolonged operation for definitive repair. This approach is unfolded in three phases. During the initial operation, the surgeon carries out only the absolute minimum necessary to improve patient's condition and to control bleeding, obstruction, and/or infection. The second phase consists of secondary resuscitation in the intensive care unit, characterized by maximization of hemodynamics, correction of coagulopathy, rewarming, and complete ventilatory support. During the third phase, definitive operation is performed.
Acidosis ; therapy ; Blood Coagulation Disorders ; therapy ; Critical Care ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; therapy ; Perioperative Care

This review addresses the association of "Chinese Journal of Biotechnology" and the development of biotechnology in China in the past 30 years. Topics include relevant awards and industrialization, development of the biotechnology discipline, and well know scientists in biotechnology, as well as perspectives on the journal.
Biotechnology ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Periodicals as Topic ; history

HbA1C has been used clinically since 1980s as the index of glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus.Several significant clinical trials demonstrated that the intensive blood glucose control reduced the chronic complications in diabetes.In recent years,HbA1C has been recommended as one of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus.However,the standardization of HbA1C measurement still remains to be an important and arduous task in China.

Allogeneic hematopoietie stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hematological malignant disease, autoimmune disease or hereditary disease.However, graftversus-host disease (GVHD), which is one of the most serious complications, influences the prognosis of alloHSCT. Mechanisms of GVHD is so complicated that there is still no perfect way to treat the patients at present. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) become new hotspots because of their immunomodulatory properties and potential to suppress alloreactive T cell responses.Animal experiments showed that MSC were effective during the prevention and treatment of GVHD. This paper is to summarize the acting mechanism of MSC' effect on the prevention and treatment of GVHD after alloHSCT.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in 68 patients with supratentorial prognosis of recovery of neurological function.Methods Clinical data of 68 patients with high blood pressure treatment supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage,and brain CT,laboratory data were retrospectively analyzed.Neurological functions and related indicators change of were daalyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Gender,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,red blood cell count,such as the impact on the prognosis was not statistically significant(all P ＞ 0.05) ; median line offset,nosocomial infections,surgery,gastrointestinal bleeding,heart failure,treatment Barthel index(BI) were a significant influence on the prognosis (all P ＜ 0.01).The median line offset,nosocomial infections,bleeding,gastrointestinal bleeding,heart failure,BI integration were the main factors affecting the prognosis of neurological function recovery.Conclusion The factors which affects nerve function recovery is an important part of improving neurological outcomes.We should emphasize them.

Objective To compare the effects of early and conventional instillation of normuscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection of bladder tumor.Methods The clinical data of 32 patients with normuscle invasive bladder cancer were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into observation group (16 cases) and control group (16 cases).The clinical effects of the two groups were compared.Results The recurrence rate of two groups was significantly different (x2 =3.864,P ＜ 0.05).The average recurrence time of two groups was significantly different (t =6.389,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions (x2 =0.369,P ＞ 0.05) and the incidence rate of toxic reactions(x2 =2.222,P ＞ 0.05) in two groups had no statistically significant differences.Conclusion It can lower the recurrence rate for early and conventional instillation of normuscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection of bladder tumor and to delay the recurrence time,so it is widely applicable for clinic cure.

Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and preventive measures for gestational hypertensive patients with heart disease.Methods Clinical data of 56 gestational hypertensive patients with heart disease were retrospectively analyzed.Results Aggressive treatment of maternal deaths occured in 1 case,2 cases of stillbirth,and the other 55 cases had good maternal prognosis.Conclusion Treatment of hypertensive heart disease in pregnancy should be based on the strong heart vasodilator,diuretic,caution magnesium sulfate.In the control of heart failure after 6-8h,shall terminate the pregnancy.Active treatment of the primary disease,to correct anemia and hypoproteinemia,early diagnosis of heart failure and strictly control expansion of indications can help to improve the prognosis of hypertensive heart disease in pregnancy.

Lung cancer-related papers published by authors of China were retrieved from PubMed and the high frequency subject headings and subheadings were extracted from them using the Bicomb system.The status quo and hot spots of lung cancer-related studies in China were analyzed .

Eighty-five elderly patients treated for the upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGB)in our hospital between January 2000 and December 2002 were divided into death or survival group.Their clinical characteristics,risk factors,treatment and complications were retrospectively analyzed.Eighteen patients died of UGB within 30 days.Univariate analysis indicated that documented diabetes,cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disease,gastric ulcer,hemoglobin,arrhythmia,stomach cancer,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS),and shock were significantly associated with inhospital mortality within 30 days(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Stomach cancer,MODS,and shock entered into the Logistic regression model.These findings demonstrate that stomach cancer,MODS,and shock might be independent risk factors for short-term prognosis in elderly UGB patients.