Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, myc ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; genetics ; metabolism ; Translocation, Genetic ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphatases ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Lynch Syndrome II ; complications ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2 ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDGemifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of gemifloxacin for the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB).

METHODSWe performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing gemifloxacin with other approved antibiotics. The PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched, with no language restrictions.

RESULTSTen RCTs, comparing gemifloxacin with other quinolones (in 5 RCTs) and β-lactams and/or macrolides (in 5 RCTs), involving 3940 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the treatment success was higher for gemifloxacin when compared with other antibiotics (odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.15 - 1.68 in intention-to-treat patients, and 1.33, 1.02 - 1.73 in clinically evaluable patients). There was no significant difference between the compared antibiotics regarding microbiological success (1.19, 0.84 - 1.68) or all-cause mortality (0.82, 0.41 - 1.63). The total drug related adverse events were similar for gemifloxacin when compared with other quinolones (0.89, 0.56 - 1.41), while lower when compared with β-lactams and/or macrolides (0.71, 0.57 - 0.89). In subgroup analyses, administration of gemifloxacin was associated with fewer cases of diarrhoea and more rashes compared with other antibiotics (0.66, 0.48 - 0.91, and 2.36, 1.18 - 4.74, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe available evidence suggests that gemifloxacin 320 mg oral daily is equivalent or superior to other approved antibiotics in effectiveness and safety for CAP and AECB. The development of rash represents potential limitation of gemifloxacin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Community-Acquired Infections ; drug therapy ; Fluoroquinolones ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Naphthyridines ; therapeutic use ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; Quinolones ; therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the method for collecting NO2 in workplace air using a solid adsorbent and determining the concentration of NO2 by ion-exchange chromatography.

METHODSNO2 in workplace air was collected using sampling tubes filled with 13X molecular sieve soaked with triethanolamine, and the samples were desorbed with a certain concentration of triethanolamine solution to obtain NO2(-). NO2(-) was separated with an anion exchange chromatography column and quantified by a conductivity detector. The concentration of NO2 was determined based on the conversion coefficient of NO2 and NO2(-).

RESULTSDifferent concentrations of NO2 (standard gas) was collected using the sampling tubes at different time points, and the sampling efficiency and desorption efficiency could reach more than 90%. The penetrating capacity of sampling tubes was more than 1.1 mg. The comparative test shows that there was no significant difference between the new method and national standard method (solution absorption) (P > 0.05). The samples could be stored at room temperature for more than 16 days. The calibration curve plotted in the new method was linear in the range of 0.1∼20.0 µg/ml, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998; the detection limit was 0.01 µg/ml; the minimum detectable concentration was 0.05 mg/m(3) (V0 = 3.0 L).

CONCLUSIONThis determination method meets the requirements of Guide for establishing occupational heath standards-Part 4 Determination methods of air chemicals in workplace (GBZ/T 210.4-2008) and shows obvious advantages for determination of NO2 in workplace air.

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; methods ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; analysis ; Workplace

Carcinoma, Medullary ; pathology ; Duodenal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of sTRAIL in the pathogenesis of HBV infection in human being.

METHODSsTRAIL in 153 patients' sera was examined with ELISA. Correlations between sTRAIL and liver functional parameters were analysed.

RESULTSThe levels of sTRAIL in patients with various clinical types of hepatitis B as well as primary hepatocellular carcinoma were all higher than that in normal persons and became almost normal in recovering stage cases. In acute and chronic HBV infection, sTRAIL level was negatively correlated with ALT, AST and total bilirubin levels, and positively correlated with serum albumin.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that higher level of sTRAIL expression is correlated with liver damage, and apoptosis induced by sTRAIL is one of the mechanisms of liver damage in HBV infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; virology ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serum Albumin ; analysis ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the risk factors of the infection in elderly patients with total hip replacement in Operating Room and study the effects of the targeted nursing interventions to the infection. Methods A total of 296 patients with total hip replacement in our hospital from January 2001 to December 201 3 were included and divided into infection group and control group. Infection group contained 1 02 patients with surgical incision infection and control group contained 1 94 patients without surgical incision infection.The demographic data,medical history,blood index,Harris function score,operation situation and postoperative drainage time were recorded.Infection diagnosis depended on “Diagnose Standard of Nosocomial Infection”.The risk factors were analyzed by single factor analysis and step-wise Logistic multiple regression analysis.The targeted nursing interventions were proposed.The effects of the targeted nursing interventions were studied in 56 patients from February 201 4 to August 201 5.Results Single factor analysis showed that hemoglobin concentrations, joint operations, operative character, visiting during operations and operative time were significantly different between infection group and control group (P <0.01 ).Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that hemoglobin concentrations,joint operations,operative character,visiting during operation and operative time were relative risk factors of postoperative infection (P <0.01 ).The infection ratio of 56 patients with nursing interventions from February 2014 to August 2015 was 17.8% (1 0 /56),which was significantly decreased comparing with the ratio 34.5% (102 /296)from January 2001 to December 201 3 (P <0.05 ).Conclusions Low hemoglobin concentrations,joint operations, emergency operations,visiting during operation and long operative time are risk factors of postoperative infection in elderly patients with total hip replacement in Operating Room.The targeted nursing interventions can reduce the infection ratio and deserves further clinical promoting.

OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate the environmental exposure information of coke oven workers, we investigated the concentration and size distribution characteristics of the particle matter (PM) in the top working area of coke oven.

METHODSThe aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer was employed to collect the concentration and size distribution information of PM at a top working area. The PM was divided into PM ≤ 1.0 µm, 1.0 µm < PM ≤ 2.5 µm, 2.5 µm < PM ≤ 5.0 µm, 5.0 µm < PM ≤ 10.0 µm and PM>10.0 µm based on their aerodynamic diameters. The number concentration, surface area concentration, and mass concentration were analyzed between different groups. We also conducted the correlation analysis on these parameters among groups.

RESULTSWe found the number and surface area concentration of top area particulate was negatively correlated with particle size, but mass concentration curve showed bimodal type with higher point at PM = 1.0 µm and PM = 5.0 µm. The average number concentration of total particulate matter in the top working area was 661.27 number/cm³, surface area concentration was 523.92 µm²/cm³, and mass concentration was 0.12 mg/m³. The most number of particulate matter is not more than 1 µm (PM(1.0)), and its number concentration and surface area concentration accounted for 96.85% and 67.01% of the total particles respectively. In the correlation analysis, different particle size correlated with the total particulate matter differently. And the characteristic parameters of PM2.5 cannot fully reflect the total information of particles.

CONCLUSIONThe main particulate matter pollutants in the top working area of coke oven is PM1.0, and it with PM(5.0) can account for a large proportion in the mass concentration of PM. It suggest that PM1.0 and PM(5.0) should be considered for occupational health surveillance on the particulate matter in the top area of coke oven.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Coke ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Particle Size ; Particulate Matter ; analysis ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo compare agitated saline solution (AS) and the mixture of AS with blood (ASb) as the contrast agents in contrast transcranial Doppler (c-TCD) in the diagnosis of patent foramen ovale (PFO).

METHODSWe recruited 248 consecutive patients for c-TCD examination between November 2015 and January 2016, and the sequence of the use of AS (9 mL saline solution mixed with 1 mL air) and ASb (9 mL saline solution and a drop of the patient's blood mixed with 1 mL air) was determined by coin-tossing method. Before the examination, the contrast agent was injected with or without Valsalva maneuvers (VM), and the number of microbubbles within 25 s after the contrast agent injection and the time of first appearance of microbubbles were recorded by observing the TCD spectrum. Each injection was repeated twice and the interval between tests was at least 5 min. We classified PFO according to the number of microbubbles into negative (no microbubble), grade I (1-10 microbubbles), grade II (>10 microbubbles but no curtain), and grade III (with curtain).

RESULTSs The positivity rates in diagnosis with AS without VM, AS with VM, ASb without VM, and ASb with VM tests were 10.9%, 23.8%, 12.1% and 25.8%, respectively. AS with VM test had a higher positive rate than AS without VM test (23.8% vs 10.9%, P=0.001), and ASb with VM test had a higher positive rate than ASb without VM test (25.8% vs 12.1%, P=0.001). The positive rates were similar between ASb without VM and AS without VM test (12.1% vs 10.9%, P=0.250) and between ASb with VM test and AS with VM test (25.8% vs 23.8%, P=0.125).

CONCLUSIONVM can improve the positive rate of PFO diagnosis in c-TCD examination, and the positive rates are comparable between examinations using the contrast agents AS and ASb.

Contrast Media ; chemistry ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; diagnostic imaging ; Microbubbles ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sodium Chloride ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; Valsalva Maneuver

Cholestasis ; metabolism ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Pneumonia ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism