The modest pressure promotes the graduate to keep continuous energy and focus on scientific research,but too much pressure will lead to mental problem and serious moral shortcoming.Reformation of scientific evaluating and promoting system,enhancement of scientific interest and reconstruction of mental training system should be the important ways to release the pressure of scientific research of the graduate.

This review addresses the association of "Chinese Journal of Biotechnology" and the development of biotechnology in China in the past 30 years. Topics include relevant awards and industrialization, development of the biotechnology discipline, and well know scientists in biotechnology, as well as perspectives on the journal.
Biotechnology ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Periodicals as Topic ; history

Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; rehabilitation ; Humans

In recent years, damage control is well established as a potentially life-saving procedure in a few selected critically injured patients. The "damage control" concept also has been shown to increase overall survival and is likely to modify the management of critically ill patients suffering from gastrointestinal disease. In these patients the "lethal triad" of hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy acts as a vicious cycle that often can not be interrupted and marks the limit of the patient's ability to cope with the physiological consequences of traditional and extensive surgical procedures. The principles of damage control are to control bleeding, obstruction, and/or infection until the physiologic derangement has been restored and the patient could undergo a prolonged operation for definitive repair. This approach is unfolded in three phases. During the initial operation, the surgeon carries out only the absolute minimum necessary to improve patient's condition and to control bleeding, obstruction, and/or infection. The second phase consists of secondary resuscitation in the intensive care unit, characterized by maximization of hemodynamics, correction of coagulopathy, rewarming, and complete ventilatory support. During the third phase, definitive operation is performed.
Acidosis ; therapy ; Blood Coagulation Disorders ; therapy ; Critical Care ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; therapy ; Perioperative Care

Child ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; classification ; therapy

Hepatic fibrosis is a damage and repair response model in chronic liver damage process.Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a determinant role as the main cells to produce liver extracellular matrix in the process of liver fibrosis,the activation and proliferation of HSC is the key link in liver fibrosis.Cholestasis is refers to the disorder in generation,secretion and flow of bile at the hepatocyte or bile duct level.The proteins exist in membranes of the liver cells and bile duct cells are important transporters to produce and secrete bile.In recent years,much progress have been made in signal transduction pathways of liver fibrosis,and the relevant research of cholestatic liver fibrosis is increasingly improvement,with the in-depth understanding of these transporters,complex signal network system of bile salt's synthesis and transport,this paper mainly through TGF-β/Smad,MAPK,JAK/STAT,NF-κ B and Wnt signal pathways to investigate the progress of signal transduction mechanism of cholestatic hepatic fibrosis.

The Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals:A lONgitudinal(REACTION) Study is the largest prospective study of diabetes in China to date.It aims to investigate associations between type 2 diabetes and risks of cancer as well as cardiovascular diseases.The Study also examined the association between insulin resistance and β-cell function in diabetic patients and individuals with impaired glucose tolerance.It has provided data on the current prevalences and related risk factors of osteoporosis,chronic kidney diseases,and thyroid nodules in Chinese adults with abnormal glucose metabolism.This large cohort constitutes an important platform and a rich resource for investigators from different fields to answer important research questions concerning risk factors,mechanisms,early detection,and management of metabolic diseases.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.Rituximab in combination with chemotherapy had improved the outcomes,however,a substantial proportion of these patients transfer into refractory or eventually relapsed lymphoma after using R-CHOP as a front-line treatment regimen with poor prognosis.With the research development on DLBCL and its related gene,it is confirmed that gene biological targeted therapy can improve the prognosis of patients with refractory /relapsed DLBCL (RR-DLBCL).Recently,some new targeted therapies become research hotspots.This review will focus on recent development and future direction of biological targeted treatment in RR-DLBCL.

Objective: To determint the effects of combination of parentral nurition(PN) with enteral nutrition(EN) in the early treatment of patients with postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome(PGS). Methods: Eight cases of PGS recieved only PN. Fourteen cases of PGS recieved the combination of PN with EN. The changement of temperature, WBC, GLU, TBA and ALP in the two groups of the patients was observed for more than one week. Results: The average positive rates between the two groups were not significantly different within one week. After one week, the average positive rate in PN group was 62.5% and 27% in PN+EN group. Conclusions: In the early treatment of PGS, application of combination of PN and EN can shorten the duration and decrease the complications of PN.