Aim: To investigate the effect of a new mechanically induced cryptorchidism model on rat epididymal histology.Methods: Eighteen 21-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each. Animals of Groups 1 and 2 were made unilaterally cryptorchid by closing the left inguinal canal, while Group 3 (controls),sham operated. At Day 60 (Group 1) and Day 90 (Group 2 and 3), the rats were sacrificed. The epididymides of both sides were weighed, and the diameter of the epididymal tubules, the height of the tubular epithelim and the presence of fibrosis of the caput epididymides were examined under a light-microscope. Results: The cryptorchid epididymis had a significantly lower weight increase than the contralateral ones and the controls, but the epithelial height and diameter of caput epididymal tubules were not significantly different. Fibrosis was not observed. Conclusion: The authors proposed that this new model is a convenient method to evaluate the epididymal changes associated with experimental cryptorchidism.

Skin metastasis of primary gallbladder tumors is extremely rare with a reported incidence of 0.7~9% and it usually involves the thorax, abdomen, the extremities, neck, head region, and scalp. Cutaneous metastasis may occur synchronously or metatochronously. In the present case, the patient had chronic lymphocytic leukemia, which was being treated with an alkylating agent (chlorambucil) when the patient developed skin metastasis from gallbladder adenocarcinoma during post- cholecystectomy follow-up. Given the fact that secondary malignancies occur in chronic lymphocytic leukemia; this clinical setting warrants attention. We aimed to discuss secondary malignancy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients and gallbladder adenocarcinoma with skin metastasis, based on a review of the literature and the presented case.
Abdomen ; Adenocarcinoma ; Cholecystectomy ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gallbladder ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Scalp ; Skin ; Thorax

Skin metastasis of primary gallbladder tumors is extremely rare with a reported incidence of 0.7~9% and it usually involves the thorax, abdomen, the extremities, neck, head region, and scalp. Cutaneous metastasis may occur synchronously or metatochronously. In the present case, the patient had chronic lymphocytic leukemia, which was being treated with an alkylating agent (chlorambucil) when the patient developed skin metastasis from gallbladder adenocarcinoma during post- cholecystectomy follow-up. Given the fact that secondary malignancies occur in chronic lymphocytic leukemia; this clinical setting warrants attention. We aimed to discuss secondary malignancy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients and gallbladder adenocarcinoma with skin metastasis, based on a review of the literature and the presented case.
Abdomen ; Adenocarcinoma ; Cholecystectomy ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gallbladder ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Scalp ; Skin ; Thorax