Objective To discuss the treatment mode of mass NBC casualties by field medical unit in NBC environment.Method Field medical unit rehearsed in a simulated NBC environment.Result The procedure for the rehearsal and treatment of field medical unit in NBC environment was determined.The importance of high-tech medical equipment for the obstructed patient flow was made clear.Conclusion High-tech medical equipment should be emphasized on to enhance the treatment capability of field medical unit.

BACKGROUND:Temporary crown has been used widely in clinic. The physical properties and biological safety of temporary crown and cement materials are more superior along with the development of material science. OBJECTIVE:To summarize clinical application, physical properties and biological safety of the temporary crown and cement materials. METHODS:PubMed database was searched by the key words of temporary crown, provisional crown, temporary restoration, provisional restoration, interim restoration in English to retrieve relevant articles published from January 2004 to December 2014. Literatures addressing the temporary crown and cement materials were included, and the repetitive researches were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Through the clinical evaluation and experimental study, the physical properties (polymerization shrinkage, polymerization heat production, polymerization monomer release) and biological safety (cytotoxicity, irritation to the soft tissue) of the temporary crown and cement materials are the key problems needed to overcome. With the appearance of new materials and new fabrication methods, the temporary crown and adhesive materials have great application prospect and higher clinical value, but in the exploration process of the laboratory research and clinical application, there are many problems to be solved.

BACKGROUND:In the deep caries treatment, the pulp capping agent used in indirect pulp can induce the formation of dentin bridge (the complex of dental pulp and dentin), to protect the pulp tissue from stimulus and save the pulp vitality, completely avoid the occurrence of complications, with a higher clinical success rate. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in clinical efficacy of five kinds of calcium hydroxide preparations. METHODS:Totaly 236 patients with deep caries were selected and randomized to undergo indirect pulp with the double-component calcium hydroxide powder (n=46), Metapex with one-component injection dosage form and the chemical curing calcium hydroxide preparation (n=47), Dycal with the chemical curing calcium hydroxide preparation (n=45), Ionosit-Baseliner (n=49) and Calcimol LC (n=49) with one-component and the light curing calcium hydroxide preparation. The status of the dental pulp, the restoration and the root tip were observed at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between the five groups in the success rate of indirect pulp capping at 1, 6 and 12 months (P> 0.05). At 24 months, the success rate of indirect pulp capping in the double-component calcium hydroxide powder group was lower than that in the other four groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the latter four groups (P > 0.05). Metapex, Dycal, Ionosit-Baseliner and Calcimol LC al have a good effect on indirect pulp capping to deep caries, which can be used as agents for long-term pulp protection.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Gypsophila elegans isoorientin on the proliferation and apoptosis of human HepG2 cells. METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with isoorientin 5,10,20,40,80 and 160μmol?L-1 for 24,48 and 72 h,respectively. Cell survival was analyzed by MTT assay. HepG2 cells were treated with isoorientin 5,10 and 20μmol?L-1 for 48 h before the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)level was detected. After treatment with isoorientin for 24 h, the variation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored by a fluorescence probe H2DCF-DA. HepG2 apoptosis and mitochondria membrane potential(MMP)were evaluated by flow cytometry. The activi?ties of caspase 3,8 and 9 were determined by colorimetry. The mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was determined by RT-PCR,and the protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome c was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Isoorientin(5-160μmol?L-1)inhibited HepG2 cell survial in a concen?tration-dependent manner,the 50%inhibitory concentration(IC50)was 62.7±9.1,47.2±11.4 and(18.2± 7.5)μmol?L-1 after treatment with isoorientin for 24,48 and 72 h,respectively. Compared with the cell control group,treatment with isoorientin 5,10 and 20μmol?L-1 significantly increased the LDH level and cell apoptosis rate(P<0.05). Moreover,isoorientin 10 and 20μmol?L-1 notably increased the production of ROS,decreased the MMP(P<0.05),and increased the activities of caspase 3 and 9. RT-PCR analysis and Western blotting showed that isoorientin significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2,decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax(P<0.05),and inhibited the protein expression of cytochrome c(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Isoorientin inhibits HepG2 cell prolif?eration,but promotes cell apoptosis,which is closely related to the regulation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Objective To study the expression of vimentin in the tongue mucosa carcinogenesis and to explore its significance in the invasion and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma .Methods The occurrence of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in rat was induced by means of 4NQO water solution ,and 56 cases in total were collected in the cancerous process ,including normal tongue mucosa ,epithelial hyperplasia ,mild dysplasia ,moderate dysplasia ,severe dysplasia and the tongue tissue specimen of squa‐mous cell carcinoma .The immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate protein expression and real‐time fluorescent quantitative PCR method was used to obtain the expression quantity of mRNA .Results In immunohistochemistry ,with the increase of degree of rat tongue mucosa dysplasia ,the positive rate of vimentin expression increases obviously .The difference between groups was statistical‐ly significant (χ2 =10 .685 ,P<0 .05) .Lesion groups compared with normal group ,their mRNA expression differences all hold sta‐tistical significance(P<0 .05);Mild dysplasia ,moderate dysplasia ,severe dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma groups were com‐pared with epithelial hyperplasia group .The difference between squamous cell carcinoma group and epithelial hyperplasia group was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .mRNA expression of epithelial hyperplasia ,mild dysplasia ,moderate dysplasia and severe dys‐plasia were respectively 1 .22 times ,1 .28 times ,1 .29 times and 1 .42 times of that of the normal group .Conclusion During rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4NQO ,the expression of vimentin was increased with the increase of the degree of pathological change ,which is closely related to the invasion of tumor and could be regarded as a predictor of tongue squamous cell carcinoma .

BACKGROUND:In the comprehensive treatment of cracked teeth, the temporary protection using the orthodontic band and resin temporary crown can effectively prevent tooth fracture and protect the cracked teeth with a higher clinical success rate. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in clinical efficacy of orthodontic band and resin temporary crown on the temporary protection of cracked teeth. METHODS: Totaly 189 patients (97 males and 92 females, aged 19-65 years) with cracked teeth were selected, randomly divided into two groups and respectively underwent the temporary protection to cracked teeth with the orthodontic band (n=93) and resin temporary crown (n=96) in the comprehensive treatment. Retention effect, periodontal status and patient satisfaction were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were three cases with loose band and one case with faling band in the group of orthodontic band; there were two cases with faling band in the group of resin temporary crown. No significant difference between two groups in the retention effect was found. There were 11 cases of gingivitis or exploring hemorrhage in the group of orthodontic band and 2 cases in the group of resin temporary crown, indicating the periodontal status in the group of resin temporary crown was better than that in the group of orthodontic band (P< 0.05). There were 18 cases of lower satisfaction for poor color, expand feeling caused by the rubber band and discomfort caused by the band protruding from tooth surface in the group of orthodontic band; there were 3 cases of lower satisfaction in the group of resin temporary crown, and the patient satisfaction in the group of resin temporary crown were higher than that in the group of orthodontic band (P < 0.05). There is a better clinical effect in the temporary protection to cracked teeth by using the resin temporary crown, especialy in the terms of retention effect, periodontal status and patient satisfaction.

BACKGROUND:Chroming can improve the corrosion resistance of soft magnetic aloys. OBJECTIVE:To identify the optimal chroming conditions of two soft magnetic aloys, Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Ni, so as to improve their corrosion resistance. METHODS:Twelve pieces of square-shaped Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Ni soft magnetic aloys were casted in the size of 20 mm×20 mm×2 mm. After sanding and polishing, chrome plating was performed on these specimens and the coating thickness and hardness were measured. The selection factors included electroplate type (hexavalent chromium and trivalent chromium), current density (15, 20, 25, 35, 40, 45 A/dm2) and electroplating time (30, 40, 60 minutes). The optimal chroming conditions were determined by one-factor experimental method and the chrome plating was observed under a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cr6+ coating was significantly better than Cr3+ coating in the aspects of hardness, thickness and uniformity, indicating Cr6+ coating can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Ni aloys. For Fe-Cr-Mo soft magnetic aloy, the optimal conditions of Cr6+ coating were as folows: current density of 45 A/dm2 and electroplating time of 60 minutes; the optimal conditions of Cr3+ coating were as folows: current density of 20 A/dm2 and electroplating time of 30 minutes. For Fe-Ni soft magnetic aloys, the optimal conditions of Cr6+ coating were as folows: current density of 35 A/dm2 and electroplating time of 60 minutes; the optimal conditions of Cr3+ coating were as folows: current density of 20 A/dm2 and electroplating time of 40 minutes.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of small interference RNA(siRNA)on the exDression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-oligo nucleotide fragments were designed and synthesized according to the sequence of TNF-insert downstream to H1 promoter to construct plasmids pHS-A and pHS-B for expression of short hairpin RNA(shRNA).Then the recombinant pSilence3.1-TNF-phages(RAW264.7)by lipofectamin 2000.The inhibition of TNF-examined bv real-time PCR and ELISA,respectively.Results After LPS stimulating 6 hours,TNF-expression was increased in a specific time-dependent manner,and reached high peak at 9-12 hours.The macrophages treated with plasmids pHS-A showed a significant decrease in TNF- mRNA(0.021 34±0.009 60)and protein(149.93,P＜0.01)compared with untransfected group[TNF-mRNA:0.021 34±0.009 60,protein:1 922.30±149.05]pg/ml].The relative rate of inhibition was 83.3％.No inhibitory effects was found in plasmids pHS-B and control group.Conclusions LPS stimulation results in a increasing expression of TNF-of TNF-

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and intubation in very low birth weight preterm infants. Methods One hundred and twenty-three very low birth weight preterm infants with respiratory distress within 60 minutes after birth were randomly assigned to nCPAP (n=63) or intubation group (n=60).Outcomes at 7,28 days and 36 corrected gestational weeks were assessed with x2 or t-test. ResultsThere were no significant difference in fatality rate and incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia between nCPAP group and intubation group [7.9％ (5/63) vs 6.6％(4/60),4.8％(3/63) vs 3.3％(2/60),x2 =0.07and 0.16,P＞0.05].In nCPAP group,the use of pulmonary sulfactant was 27.0％ (17/63),lower than that (83.3 ％,50/60) in intubation group (x2 =39.34,OR=0.3,90 ％ CI:0.2-0.6,P＜0.05) ;The nCPAP group had fewer ventilation support in 28 days [17.5％ (11/63) vs 25.0％ (15/60),OR=0.7,90％ CI:0.4-1.4] and 36 weeks [6.3％ (4/63) vs 8.3％ (5/60),OR=0.8,90％ CI:0.2-2.4] than those in intubation group but without statistical difference (x2=1.05 and 0.01,P＞0.05,respectively).The incidence of air leak in nCPAP group were lower than intubation group [11.1％ (7/63) vs 33.3％ (20/60),x2 =8.86,OR=0.3,90％00 CI:0.2-0.7,P＜0.05].There was no significant difference for other complications between two groups. ConclusionsIn very low birth weight preterm infants,early nCPAP dose not significantly reduce the fatality rate and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as compared with intubation ventilation,but shorten the time of ventilation and lower the incidence of air leak.

Objective To investigate the effect of early cerebrospinal fluid replacement on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) level and clinical outcomes in patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after endovascular embolization.Methods Patients with aSAH received aneurysm embolization were enrolled.They were divided into a cerebrospinal fluid replacement group and a non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group according to the treatment scheme.All patients were treated with cerebral aneurysm coil embolization within 3 days after admission.The cerebrospinal fluid replacement group performed lumbar puncture cerebrospinal fluid replacement within 24 h after coil embolization,once every other day,20-30 ml of cerebrospinal fluid was replaced each time and 3 mg dexamethasone was injected intrathecally.The NF-κB levels in cerebrospinal fluid were detected at day 1,7 and 14 after the coil embolization.The primary outcome measures were the clinical outcomes determined by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 3 months after onset.Good outcome was defined as mRS score 0-2 or GOS ＞ 3.The secondary outcome measures included severe complications (hydrocephalus,cerebral vasospasm,cerebral infarction,and rebleeding) and death.Results A total of 81 patients with aSAH received aneurysm embolization were enrolled,including 42 in the cerebrospinal fluid replacement group and 39 in the non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group.There was no significant differences in the baseline data between the cerebrospinal fluid replacement group and the non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group (all P ＞0.05).The duration of neck stiffness in the cerebrospinal fluid replacement group was significantly shorter than that in the non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group (11.3 ± 3.2 d vs.16.5 ± 3.5 d;t =6.985,P ＜ 0.001).The cerebrospinal fluid NF-κB levels were progressively reduced at day 1,7 and 14 after coil embolization in the cerebrospinal fluid rephcement group and non-cerebrospinal fluid rephcement group (all P ＜0.05),but the ccerebrospinal fluid levels of NF-κB in the cerebrospinal fluid replacement group at each time point were significantly lower than those in the non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group (all P ＜ 0.01).The good outcome rates evaluated according to the mRS score (92.9％ vs.56.4％;x2 =14.446,P ＜ 0.001) and GOS score (97.6％ vs.76.9％;x2 =8.004,P=0.005) in the cerebrospinal fluid replacement group at 3 months were significantly higher than those in the non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group,and the incidence of cerebral vasospasm was significantly lower than that in the non-cerebrospinal fluid replacement group (14.3％ vs.33.3％;x2 =4.086,P =0.043).Conelusiom Cerebrospinal fluid replacement therapy can reduce the incidence of cerebral vasospasm in patients with aSAH receiving aneurysm embolization and improve clinical outcomes.Its mechanism may be associated with the decrease of NF-κB level in cerebrospinal fluid.