OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the body mass index (BMI) and factors related to BMI in 12-15 years old adolescents attending school in the Panchkula district of Haryana, India. METHODS: Our multistage sampling method enrolled 810 adolescents. Demographic data and dietary history data over 5 days were recorded. Height and weight were measured to calculate BMI, which was further categorized according to the World Health Organization classification system. Diet was analysed using the Nizel criteria and socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed using Prasad's socioeconomic classification. The chi-squared test and analysis of variance test were performed, and a multinomial regression analysis was performed to find significant correlates with BMI. RESULTS: The prevalences of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity were 13.6, 58.4, 22.7, and 5.3%, respectively. The prevalence of both overweight and obesity was higher among males than that among females. The overall food group, nutrient, sweet, and oral health diet scores were higher among overweight and obese adolescents. Adolescents attending public school were 2.62 times more likely than private school adolescents were to be underweight. Private school adolescents were 2.08 times more likely than public school adolescents were to be overweight. Those with a high SES, vegetarians, and those aged 15 years were highly likely to be obese. CONCLUSIONS: We found 41.6% of these adolescents to have a BMI that deviated from the norm. Important factors related with BMI were age, gender, socioeconomic score, mean daily diet score, and the type of school.
Adolescent ; Body Mass Index* ; Child* ; Classification ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; India ; Male ; Obesity ; Oral Health ; Overweight ; Prevalence ; Social Class ; Thinness ; World Health Organization

A 5-month-old male child was admitted with cough and fever, during which excessive bleeding occurred from a venipuncture site. Born from a third-degree consanguineous marriage, the child was developmentally normal. Routine blood tests showed a slightly elevated white blood cell count due to infection, while coagulation studies revealed prolonged PT and APTT. A mixing study indicated no inhibitors.Advanced testing showed normal levels of fibrinogen and factor VIII, but a significantly low factor V level (2.2%), indicating moderate factor V deficiency. The child received fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions as needed and has been thriving with regular follow-ups. Genetic counseling was provided to the parents, who also had abnormal coagulation profiles but no bleeding tendencies. Genetic testing was offered but not pursued due to financial constraints. This case highlights the importance of awareness of inherited bleeding disorders in consanguineous families and the need for supportive management and counseling.

A 5-month-old male child was admitted with cough and fever, during which excessive bleeding occurred from a venipuncture site. Born from a third-degree consanguineous marriage, the child was developmentally normal. Routine blood tests showed a slightly elevated white blood cell count due to infection, while coagulation studies revealed prolonged PT and APTT. A mixing study indicated no inhibitors.Advanced testing showed normal levels of fibrinogen and factor VIII, but a significantly low factor V level (2.2%), indicating moderate factor V deficiency. The child received fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions as needed and has been thriving with regular follow-ups. Genetic counseling was provided to the parents, who also had abnormal coagulation profiles but no bleeding tendencies. Genetic testing was offered but not pursued due to financial constraints. This case highlights the importance of awareness of inherited bleeding disorders in consanguineous families and the need for supportive management and counseling.

A 5-month-old male child was admitted with cough and fever, during which excessive bleeding occurred from a venipuncture site. Born from a third-degree consanguineous marriage, the child was developmentally normal. Routine blood tests showed a slightly elevated white blood cell count due to infection, while coagulation studies revealed prolonged PT and APTT. A mixing study indicated no inhibitors.Advanced testing showed normal levels of fibrinogen and factor VIII, but a significantly low factor V level (2.2%), indicating moderate factor V deficiency. The child received fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions as needed and has been thriving with regular follow-ups. Genetic counseling was provided to the parents, who also had abnormal coagulation profiles but no bleeding tendencies. Genetic testing was offered but not pursued due to financial constraints. This case highlights the importance of awareness of inherited bleeding disorders in consanguineous families and the need for supportive management and counseling.

A 5-month-old male child was admitted with cough and fever, during which excessive bleeding occurred from a venipuncture site. Born from a third-degree consanguineous marriage, the child was developmentally normal. Routine blood tests showed a slightly elevated white blood cell count due to infection, while coagulation studies revealed prolonged PT and APTT. A mixing study indicated no inhibitors.Advanced testing showed normal levels of fibrinogen and factor VIII, but a significantly low factor V level (2.2%), indicating moderate factor V deficiency. The child received fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions as needed and has been thriving with regular follow-ups. Genetic counseling was provided to the parents, who also had abnormal coagulation profiles but no bleeding tendencies. Genetic testing was offered but not pursued due to financial constraints. This case highlights the importance of awareness of inherited bleeding disorders in consanguineous families and the need for supportive management and counseling.