No abstract available.
Animals ; Enalapril* ; Nicardipine* ; Nitroprusside* ; Rats* ; Skin*

The antihypertensive effect and side reactions of perdipine was studied in 22 cases of essential hypertension using 20mg 3 times daily regimen for average period of 5 weeks. 1) Average reduction of 20mmHg in systolic and 17mmhg in diastolic pressure was observed and percentile reduction was 11.90% and 14.92%, respectively. The overall effect rate was 81.82%. The blood pressure lowered significantly after 2 weeks of treatment both in systolic and diastolic pressure. 2) There was no significant change in heart rates before and after treatment. 3) No specific side reaction was observed except 1 case in which discontinued the medication because of severe headache and fatigability on the 1st day of medication.
Blood Pressure ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension ; Nicardipine*

The effect of nicardipine was investigated on hypertension due to raised intracranial pressure, pressor response of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists in the dissected thoracic aorta. Intracerebroventricular(icv) and intravenous(iv) nicardipine produced dose-dependent depressor response and bradycardiac effect, especially marked response was observed following iv injection. The pressor response to raised intracranial pressures was potentiated following iv injection of 50 microgram/kg nicardipine but was markedly inhibited following iv 100 microgram/kg injection, and was not affected following icv 50 microgram/kg administration but was markedly inhibited following icv administration of 100-200 microgram/kg nicardipine. The nicardipine inhibited contractile effect of KCI 35 mM in a dose-dependent fashion but did not affect that of Ne and ME. These data suggest that nicardipine caused hypotensive effect by blocking calcium influx in the peripheral vessels and that direct effect of nicardipine on central nervous system involves the hypotensive action. Conclusively, the inhibitory effect of nicardipine on the pressor response to the intracranial pressure elevation may be induced by these two mechanisms.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Calcium ; Central Nervous System ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Nicardipine*

The antihypertensive effect of nicardipine was studied in 31 cases of essential hypertension and following results were obtained. 1) Daily dose was 30-60mg for 10 weeks. 2) Mean systolic and diastolic pressure were decreased by 39.5mmHg 921%) and 17.2mmHg(15%) respectively(P<0.005) and in 84% of cases, good or fair control of blood pressure was proved. 3) There was no significant change in heart rates before and after treatment. 4) There were no significant side effects except two cases of mild headache and facial flushing which subsided spontaneously.
Blood Pressure ; Flushing ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension ; Nicardipine*

Pheochromocytoma stems from the chromaffin cell and mostly is located in the adrenal medulla. It is an important cause of secondary hypertension due to correction of hypertension by a resection of the tumor. Because it produces and secretes catecholamine, it bothers anesthesiologists with excessive hypertension, tachycardia and arrhythmia during the anesthetic period. Therefore, anesthetic management is directed to avoid these conditions. We report a case of bilateral pheochromocytoma successfully managed intraoperatively with an infusion of nicardipine and an intermittent esmolol injection.
Adrenal Medulla ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Chromaffin Cells ; Hypertension ; Nicardipine* ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Tachycardia

Nicardipine is a potent coronary and systemic vasodilator without depression of ventricular function. We investigated the changes in local myocardial perfusion (LMP) according to the nicardipine administration after coronary reperfusion in a beating canine model. A Doppler probe was placed around the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and thermal diffusion microprobe was implanted in the myocardium perfused by the exposed LAD. To define the nicardipine effects, we compared the two groups (control group, n=7 vs nicardipine group, n=7). In nicardipine group, 5 microgram/kg/min nicardipine was infused continuously. After the release of the LAD occlusion, LAD blood flow were increased compared to the baseline of both groups. However, there was no difference between groups in the LAD blood flow. The LMP after LAD reperfusion did not recover to the baseline level until 30 min after LAD reperfusion in control group (74%, 52% and 70% at 10, 20 and 30 min after LAD reperfusion, respectively). In nicardipine group, however, the LMP recovered to the baseline level at 20 min (99%), and increased more than the baseline level at 30 min (141%) after LAD reperfusion. Our findings suggest that the nicardipine augments the LMP following the release of a coronary occlusion.
Animals ; Coronary Circulation/drug effects* ; Dogs ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Myocardial Reperfusion* ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control* ; Nicardipine/pharmacology* ; Nicardipine/therapeutic use ; Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology* ; Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The combination of daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) has demonstrated a high sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR12) and a low rate of adverse events in previous clinical studies. The purpose of this study was to clarify the results of treatment and side effects in Korean patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype Ib infection. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from chronic HCV genotype Ib patients treated with DCV+ASV from August 2015 to September 2016 at five hospitals in the Daejeon-Chungcheong area. RESULTS: A total of 152 patients were examined for resistance associated variants (RAVs). Among them, 15 (9.9%) were positive for Y93 and one (0.7%) was positive for L31. Of 126 patients treated with DCV+ASV, 83 patients completed treatment and 76 patients were included in safety and efficacy analysis. Five (6.6%) were positive for Y93 and 12 (15.8%) exhibited cirrhotic change. DCV+ASV was the first-line treatment for 58 (76.3%) patients. Eleven (14.5%) patients relapsed after previous treatment that included interferon and seven (9.2%) of these patients were found to be intolerant of interferon. Adverse events occurred in 10 (13.2%) patients and two patients stopped the medication because of severe itching and skin rash. SVR12 was 89.5% (68/76) in all patients and 91.5% (65/71) in RAV-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS: DCV+ASV showed good efficacy in patients with HCV Ib infection in Korea. Close monitoring is needed for severe adverse events and treatment failure, which were uncommon.
Exanthema ; Genotype* ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Humans ; Interferons ; Korea ; Nicardipine ; Pruritus ; Retrospective Studies* ; Treatment Failure

BACKGROUND: The authors performed this study to investigate the hemodynamic effect of nicardipine using an esophageal Doppler monitor (EDM) during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: Forty patients scheduled to undergo gynecologic laparoscopic surgery, were divided into two groups; the control group (Group C) and the nicardipine group (Group N). Pneumoperitoneum was initiated using CO2 gas and the intraperitoneal pressure was kept under 12 mmHg. Hemodynamic parameters at critical points were measured using EDM, i.e., before skin incision (T1), 5, 10 and 15 min after the initiation of pneumoperitoneum (T2, T3 and T4), and 5 min after deflation (T5). RESULTS: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly lower in Group N patients than in Group C patients at 5 and 10 min after the initiation of pneumoperitoneum (T2 and T3) (P < 0.05). No significant heart rate (HR) differences were observed between the two study groups. Cardiac output (CO), peak velocity (PV) and corrected flow time (FTC) were significantly higher in Group N at 10 min after the initiation of pneumoperitoneum (T3) (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The nicardipine continuous infusion at 0.5?2.0microg/ kg/min is effective at attenuating hemodynamic changes after pneumoperitoneum during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.
Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Nicardipine ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Skin

BACKGROUND: BNP and NT-proBNP are very useful predictor of perioperative cardiac events. The authors therefore performed a retrospective study about the relationship between NT-proBNP and intraoperative hemodynamic stability. METHODS: The authors reviewed the chart of 126 patients which were consulted to cardiologists for preoperative cardiac evaluation from 2005 through 2007. All patients were divided into two groups; N-group (NT-proBNP < 300 pg/ml, n = 66) and H-group (NT-proBNP > or = 300 pg/ml, n = 60). The kinds of hemodynamic drugs and dosage and infusion time were calculated. Total amounts of hemodynamic drugs are scored by two methods. Infusion drugs were scored 30 points, bolus drugs (esmolol 30 mg, labetalol 10 mg, phenylephrine 50microg, ephedrine 10 mg, atropine 0.25 mg, nicardipine 0.5 mg) and preclusive nitroglycerin infusion were scored 5 points. Drug score is total sum of all scores. We compared the drug score of two groups. In addition, bivariate and partial correlation analysis were performed for the correlation of drug score. RESULTS: H-group showed a high (P = 0.029) drug score (17.68 +/- 21.78) more than N-group (10.13 +/- 15.79). H-group showed a low (P = 0.000) ejection fraction (51.69 +/- 12.90%) more than N-group (61.80 +/- 7.84%). But, only age (R: 0.234, P: 0.023) and ejection fraction (R: -0.222, P: 0.032) were correlated with drug score by partial correlation analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with preoperative high NT-proBNP had decreased systolic function and demanded more hemodynamic drugs during noncardiac surgery. But, NT-proBNP was not correlated with drug score in itself.
Atropine ; Ephedrine ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Labetalol ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Nicardipine ; Nitroglycerin ; Peptide Fragments ; Phenylephrine ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: General anesthesia for cesarean section is usually maintained at a low dose after induction with using other agents. Many anesthesiologists have experience difficulty in maintaining stable blood pressure at intubation, as compared with nonobstetric anesthesia. We wanted to determine the efficacy of nicardipine for treating rising blood pressure that is related to intubation. METHODS: Twenty one parturient women, who were scheduled for elective cesarean section, were randomly allocated to two groups. Group 1 (n = 10) received no nicardipine and group 2 (n = 11) received nicardipine (7microg/kg) 60 seconds before intubation. The systolic blood pressures, diastolic blood pressures and heart rates were measured at preoperation, after induction of anesthesia, before intubation, immediately after intubation and at 1, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes after intubation. RESULTS: The systolic and diastolic blood pressures were lower in group 2 than group 1 at immediate after intubation. Yet the heart rate was higher in group 2 than in group 1 at the same time. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous nicardipine given 60 seconds before intubation has some benefit from the viewpoint of blood pressure stability at intubation during cesarean section.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Pressure* ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Nicardipine* ; Pregnancy