Osteoblasts are cells that are in charge of bone formation and play an important role in bone remodeling. Cytoskeleton is widely found in eukaryotic cells, and not only plays an important role in maintaining the order of cell morphology and internal structure, but also may be involved in mechanotransduction, the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and the expression of related genes. The studies on the function of the cytoskeleton in osteoblasts may provide new ideas for dental fields in such aspects as guided bone regeneration, orthodontic tooth movement, distraction osteogenesis and postoperative bone healing. This article reviewed the research progresses about cytoskeleton in osteoblasts.