Objective In order to assess the present status of the prophylaxis and the eliminating process for iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Guizhou province. Methods Guiyang, Douyun and Kaili regions were selected as IDD monitoring spots of Guizhou province. In these districts, the monitoring indicators for IDD were determined and compared with those ten years ago. Results From 1999 to 2000 in Guiyang, Douyun and Kaili: (1) Themeansofiodineconcentrationiniodized salt of households were 43.6 mg/kg, 43.2 mg/kg and 45.3 mg/kg, respectively, and the qualified rates were 97.5%, 95.8% and 97.9%, respectively, all of them were obviously higher than those ten years ago (P5 mIU/L were in 18.0%, 21.8% and 20.0% infants, respectively, obviously descended from those ten years ago (P

Objective To explore the relationship between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH) and dyslipidemia. Methods A total of 1 512 inhabitants in Zhaiji community of Guiyang urban areas were investigated from November 2009 to February 2010 by adopting stratified cluster sampling method, and 1 428 subjects were included in the present study. All subjects were asked to fulfill the questionnaires and to pass a physical examination. The vein blood samples were taken for determination of serum TSH, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, as well as blood lipid levels. Results Triglyceride ( TG ) , total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly increased in woman with subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) compared to those with euthyroid(all P<0. 05). However, there was no significant difference in man between two groups(P>0. 05). The incidences of hypertriglyceridemia in the euthyroid group from quartile 1 toquartile4ofTSHwere33.3%,35.5%,39.7%,and44.0% respectively(P<0.05). SerumTGlevelwas increased with TSH in woman and total subjects after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index ( BMI) , waist-hip ratio (WHR), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR, P<0. 05). Serum TSH levels in the total sample were positively associated with TG after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, WHR, and HOMA-IR (β=0. 088,P<0. 05). Conclusion Higher serum TSH levels even within normal range seems to be a risk factor of dyslipidemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of CD26/DPPⅣ or galectin-3 immunohistochemical staining and their combination in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. MethodsEnVision immunohistochemical technique was applied to detect the expressions of CD26/DPPⅣ and galectin-3 in thyroid tissue of 114 cases with benign or malignant thyroid tumors. ResultsCD26/DPPⅣ and galectin-3 were expressed in most of papillary carcinomas but absent in normal thyroid tissues, most of follicular carcinomas and thyroid adenomas. With CD26/DPPⅣ as means to detect papillary carcinoma, the sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and Kappa index were 86.8%, 97.2%, 90.4%, 98.3%, 79.5% and 0.80 respectively,andwithgalectin-3therespective figures were 97.1%, 91.7%, 95.2%, 95.7% , 94.3% and 0.89. With CD26/DPPⅣ and gelectin-3 combined, the sensitivity, specificity, Kappa index and others in papillary carcinoma were the same as those of galectin-3 in parallel test, and the same as those of CD26/DPPⅣ in serial test. ConclusionBoth CD26/DPPⅣ and galectin-3 are reliable markers of papillary carcinoma, CD26/DPPⅣ or galectin-3 immunohistochemical staining can be used as a supplement for conventional pathological diagnostic approach to differentiate thyroid papillary carcinomas from adenomas, while the application in the diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma remains to be further investigated.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of CD26/DPPⅣand galectin-3 in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods Expression of CD26/DPPⅣ or galectin-3 in 68 papillary thyroid carcinomas and 36 thyroid adenomas were determined with EnVision immunohistochemical technique respectively.Results CD26/DPPⅣ and galectin-3 were highly expressed in most of papillary carcinomas but absent or expressed in a low level in most of all thyroid adenomas.With CD26/DPPⅣ as marker to detect papillary carcinoma,the sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic accuracy were 86.8%,97.2% and 90.4%,and with galectin-3 the respective figures were 97.1%,91.7% and 95.2%.There was no statistic significance in intrathyroidal and extrathyroidal invasion,with or without lymph node metastasis,low and poor prognosis groups about positive expression of CD26/DPPⅣ or galectin-3 in papillary carcinomas.Conclusion Both CD26/DPPⅣ and galectin-3 are potential markers of papillary thyroid carcinoma.CD26/DPPⅣ or galectin-3 immunohistochemical staining can be used as a supplement technology for routine pathological diagnosis to differentiate thyroid papillary carcinomas from adenomas,but not accepted as the bio-markers for the invasion,metastasis and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinomas.

Objective To study the variation of serum thyroid hormones in each trimester of pregnancy and their relationship with thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb).Methods Three-hundred and seventy-seven pregnant women in different trimesters were enrolled,the serum TSH,FT3,FT4,TT3,TT4,and TPOAb were determined by ICMA assay.Results Serun TSH in normal pregnant group was gradually increased as the pregnant trimester grew up ( all P＜0.05 ).The median of TSH in positive TPOAb group was higher than that of negative TPOAb group( P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in positive TPOAb group were also higher than those in negative TPOAb group( all P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism were 23.61％ and 18.04％,while those of clinical hypothyroidism were 0.27％ and 5.84％ by using TT4 and FT4 determination,respectively( P＜0.05 ).Conclusions More attention should be paid to the difference between FT4 and TT4 in hypothyroidism diagnosis during both second and third trimesters of pregnancy.Establishment of normal thyroid hormoues cut-off points in each trimester of pregnancy and screening for TPOAb is necessary.

Objective To explore the association of serum uric acid (UA) with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components.Methods A total of 1 512 inhabitants aged 20 years old and above in Zhaiji community of Guiyang urban areas were investigated from November 2009 to February 2010 by adopting stratified cluster sampling method (634 males and 878 females).All subjects were asked to fulfill the questionnaires and to measure the height,weight,waist circumstance (WC),and blood pressure ; and to undertake oral glucose tolerance test.Venous blood samples were drawn to measure UA,fasting plasma glucose,2 h postprandial plasma glucose,triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,and fasting insulin.Results (1) Age,body mass index (BMI),WC,TG,and blood pressure,and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) increased with UA (all P＜0.05).(2) UA was positively associated with the risk of MS (P＜ 0.05).After adjusting for age,sex,BMI,waist-to-hip ratio (WHR),and HOMA-IR,the risk of MS in individuals with the highest uric acid quartiles was significantly increased compared to those with the lowest quartile (OR =2.86,95 ％ CI 1.70-4.84,P＜0.05),and this finding was especially evident in females (OR=2.80,95％ CI 1.51-5.17,P＜0.05).(3) UA was strongly related to WC (OR =1.76,95％ CI0.95-3.27,P＜0.05),blood pressure (OR =1.66,95 ％ CI 1.13-2.43,P＜0.05),and TG (OR =2.80,95％ CI 1.97-3.96,P＜0.05) after adjustment for age,sex,BMI,WHR,and HOMA-IR.Conclusion The prevalence of MS increased with UA.Higher UA level may be an independent risk factor for MS.

A total of 1512 adult inhabitants were randomly recruited in Zhaiji district of Guiyang city in September2009.The levels of triglyceride (TG),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and the prevalences of abdominal obesity and hypertension increased significantly in the subclinical hypothyroidism group conpared to the euthyroid group (P＜0.05).The prevalences of high TG,low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the subgroup Ⅳ were higher than the subgroup Ⅰ (P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that TSH was positively related to TG (P＜0.05).Logistic regression demonstrated that TSH was a risk factor for MS.Either in the euthyroid or total subjects serum TSH levels in the MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group(P＜0.05).

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of dyslipidemia in residents aged 40 to 80 years in Guiyang. Methods A total of 10 022 adults (2 694 men and 7 328 women) aged 40 and over were selected from Yunyan community in Guiyang urban area for this population based cross-sectional study. Data were obtained by questionnaire survey, physical examination, fasting blood glucose, and lipid measurements. The association between influential factors and dyslipidemia was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results The standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia in residents aged 40 years and over in Guiyang was 46. 9%, with low high-densitylipoproteincholesterol(HDL-C)29.0%,hypertriglyceridemia19.3%,hightotalcholesterol(TC)9.3%, andhighlow-densitylipoproteincholesterol(LDL-C)4.3%. Logisticregressionanalysisindicatedthatage,gender, smoking, and alcohol abuse were the risk factors of high TC and high LDL-C. Abdominal obesity was a main risk factor for both hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia of middle-aged and aged residents in urban districts of Guiyang was on the national average level. Hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C were the most common types. Age and abdominal obesity were important risk factors of dyslipidemia.

_ Objective_ To examine the association between sleep duration, TV watching time, and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in people aged 40 or older in Guiyang city. Methods Data were obtained at the baseline examination ofThe epidemiological study on the risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes in China in 2011. Follow-up study was conducted in 2014 to 2015. A total of 4 392(female 2 987, male 1 405)were included in the analysis. Results According to diagnostic criteria of International Diabetes Federation(IDF)in 2005, 1 035(812 women, 223 men) of the cohort developed metabolic syndrome during an average follow up for 3 years. Sleep duration was classified as≤7 h/d, 7-9 h/d,≥9 h/d, the incidence of metabolic syndrome was 24. 46%, 22. 43%, 23. 65%, respectively. TV watching time was divided into 0-1 h/d, 1. 1-2 h/d, 2. 1-4 h/d,>4 h/d, the incidence rates were 20. 67%, 22. 91%, 24. 61%, 25. 76%, respectively. In multivariate logistics regression analysis, compared with 0-1 h/d, the RR values of women with TV watching time during 1. 1-2 h/d, 2. 1-4 h/d,>4 h/d were 1. 098(95%CI 0. 789-1. 528), 141. 6(95% CI 1. 052-1. 906), 1. 559(95% CI 1. 090-2. 233), respectively. Conclusion The standardized incidence rate of metabolic syndrome in the general population was 23. 12%, the crude rate was 23. 57%. The incidence of metabolic syndrome was unrelated to the sleep duration and TV watching time as a whole or in men. TV watching time more than 2 hours a day may increase the risk of the metabolic syndrome in women.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism how edaravone reduces cytotoxicity caused by hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury.Methods Ischemia model-hypoxia/ reoxygenation model which also called oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model (OGD-R) was established.Cells were divided into control group,OGD-R group,OGD-R with edaravone of different concentration groups Cells of OGD-R model were pretreated with the appropriate concentration of edaravone or combine with the specific channel blockers LY294002 and MK2206 individually,the expression levels of ERK,AKT and Bcl-2 were detected with Western-blot,while the expression levels of BDNF and Bcl-2 mRNA detected with RT-PCR,the expression levels of BDNF protein detected with ELISIA,the levels of LDH releasing and Hoechst33258 staining used with homologue assay kit or regents.Results The pretreatment of cultured neurons with edaravone alleviated hypoxia/reoxygenation induced neuronal injury in a dose-dependent manner (LDH releasing reduced,Caspase-3 activity and ratio of nuclear pyknosis declined).The edaravone pretreatment did not increase significantly the p-ERK expression levels,but the amount of p AKT expression was significantly increased(P＜0.01).Pretreatment of edaravone(10 μmol/L) remarkably reduced the LDH release and declined the ratio of nuclear pyknosis after reoxygenation (P＜0.01),which was inhibited by MK2206.Compared to OGD-R,edaravone pretreatment markedly promoted BDNF and Bcl-2 mRNA expression at each time point,and the most pronounced effects occured at 8 h after OGDR.ELISIA analysis showed that BDNF protein level was significantly elevated after edaravone pretreatment at the same point.Western blot analysis indicted that edaravone pretreatment significantly enhanced Bcl-2 protein expression at 8 h after OGD-R,which was blocked by MK2206.Conclusions Edaravone may alleviate hypoxia/reoxygenation induced neuronal injury by enhancing BDNF and Bcl-2 expression and inhibiting Caspase-3 activity through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.