Objective To investigate the vascular effect of hydroxyl-safflor yellow A(HSYA) on rat thoracic aorta and its underlying mechanism. Methods The tension of isolated thoracic aorta rings of rats perfused with different concentrations of HSYA(1?10-6-1?10-4 mol/L) was measured using organ bath technique.The effects of HSYA on the vasocontraction induced by cumulative phenylephrine(PE)(1?10-6-1?10-4 mol/L),KCl(6?10-2 mol/L) and CaCl2(1?10-5-3?10-3 mol/L) were recorded respectively. Results HSYAcaused a concentration-dependent anti-contraction effects by KCl or PE in endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings.HSYA inhibited the CaCl2-induced contraction and downward shifted concentration-response curve of aortic rings.HSYA+HP resulted in more significant anti-contraction effect than single use of HSYA(P0.05).There were significant differences in anti-contraction effect between HSYA+RR and RR or HSYA(P

Microwaves can be directly transformed into heat inside materials because of their ability of penetrating into any substance. The degree that materials are heated depends on their dielectric properties. Materials with high dielectric loss are more easily to reach a resonant state by microwaves field, then microwaves can be absorbed efficiently. Microwave irradiation technique with the unique heating mechanisms could induce drug-polymer interaction and change the properties of dissolution. Many benefits such as improving product quality, increasing energy efficiency and reducing times can be obtained by microwaves. This paper summarized characteristics of the microwave irradiation technique, new preparation techniques and formulation process in pharmaceutical industry by microwave irradiation technology. The microwave technology provides a new clue for heating and drying in the field of pharmaceutics.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drug Discovery ; instrumentation ; methods ; Microwaves ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar ; metabolism ; pathology ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hemangiosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the changes of sympathovagal balance and the effects of va- gus stimulation on sympathovagal balance in endotoxemia rats.Methods Twenty-four Spragne Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups.The frequency domain of heart rate variability(HRV)com- ponent was analyzed at 0 min,2 ,4 and 6 hours after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS, 5mg/kg)or physiologic saline,and cervical vagal nerve was stimulated(5mv,2ms,1Hz,5 min lasted, 20 min interval)when LPS or physiologic saline was injected.The levels of Noepinephine(NE)and Ace- tylcholin(ACh)were measured in liver tissues.Results Normalized low frequency(LFnm),hormali- zed high frequency(HFnm),very low frequency(VLF),LF/HF values and liver ACh were significantly increased(P＜0.05)and the level of liver NE was significantly decreased (P＜0.05)after LPS admin- istration.Vagal nerve stimulation markedly increased HFnm but decreased LFnm,VLF,LF/HF values, and the liver ACh also significant increased(P＜0.05 ).Conclusion The results suggest that the ac- tivity of sympathetic and vagal nerve was increased during endotoxemia,but the sympathetic activity was more excitable than that of vagal nerve.Vagal nerve stimulation increased the tone of vagus nerve while the tone of sympathetic nerve was decreased in this study.This may be beneficial for anti-inflammatory activity of vagal nerve.

Objective To explore the mechanism of skeletal fluorosis via observation on the expression of bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGP) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the residents of coal-burning fluorosis regions, and to provide a basical data for further monitoring and evaluating the effects of fluoride-reducing projects. Methods Stratified sampling was applied, the 6 villages of fluorosis were chosen as focusing areas for investigation. The residents of villages underwent clinical examination of the skeletal fluorosis. And according to the degree of skeletal fluorosis, villages were divided into three groups, namely light, moderate and severe villages. Radio-Immunoassay and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to check the expression of BGP and OPG in the serum. Results The levels of serum BGP in the severe skeletal fluorosis cases[(6.78±4.43)μg/L] were significantly higher(P<0.05) than those in the normal, moderate and the severe groups [ (3.58±1.53), (3.44±2.66), (3.41±2.20)μg/L], respectively. The expression of OPG in the light, moderate and the severe groups [(1251.55±998.31), (1265.94±931.77), (1560.55±858.07)ng/L] were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in the normal[(520.81±385.05)ng/L], respectively. The levels of BGP in mixed type[(6.09±2.62)μg/L] were much higher(P<0.05) than no mixed type[(3.97±1.53), (3.20±2.12)μg/L]. The levels of OPG in the osteosclerosis, osteoporesis and mixed type[(1321.63±1017.00), (1205.42±852.22), (1529.01±402.83)ng/L] were significantly higher(P<0.05) than those of the normal, respectively. The levels of OPG in the light villages [(452.06±338.10)ng/L] were significantly lower(P<0.05) than moderate and severe villages[(1266.30±899.14), (1851.80±956.08 )ng/L], respectively. The levels of OPG in the severe villages were significantly higher(P<0.05) than moderate villages. Conclusions It indicates that OPG can be used as an early indicator in coal-burning pollution endemic fluorosis results in biochemical changes in the composition of bone.

Aged ; Female ; Hodgkin Disease ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Reed-Sternberg Cells ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of intravesical Pirarubicin (THP) instillation on the prediction results of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables and to discuss the efficacy of EORTC risk tables in clinical application.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 389 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after TURBT treated with intravesical pirarubicin instillation. According to the EORTC Scoring System, all the cases were divided into low risk group, intermediate risk group and high risk group. The 1-year and 5-year recurrence and progression rates of each group were calculated and compared with the prediction results of the EORTC risk tables.

RESULTSThe 1-year recurrence and progression rates of the low risk group were 8.0% and 0, those of the intermediate risk group were 31.0% and 2.8%, and those of the high risk group were 52.5% and 18.6%, respectively. The 5-year recurrence and progression rates of low risk group were 16.0% and 5.3%, those of the intermediate risk group were 42.6% and 10.7%, and those of the high risk group were 63.9% and 41.9%, respectively. The prediction results of progression rate were similar to that of the EORTC risk tables while the overall recurrence rate was lower.

CONCLUSIONSThe EORTC risk tables can be effectively used to predict the recurrence rate and progression rate of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, the EORTC risk tables have a tendency to overestimate the recurrence rate. Intravesical pirarubicin instillation is helpful to reduce the recurrence rate, yet has no obvious influence on the tumor progression.

Administration, Intravesical ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Disease Progression ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology

Adult ; Carcinoma ; virology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; virology ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; isolation & purification ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Middle Aged ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; virology

OBJECTIVETo observe the morphological changes and the regenerating ability of the fungiform papillae and taste buds after 60Co radiation with clinical doses in rats.

METHODSThe heads, faces and necks of 30 SD rats were radiated with a large dose and one time of 60Co in the clinical radiation. The general living condition and the number and shape of the fungiform papillae and taste buds of the tongues were observed after the radiation in rats.

RESULTSIn the group of 60Co radiation, the animals had wilting, decreasing appetite, losing weight. The heads, faces and necks of animals appeared redness, peeling of hair, increasing of secretions in 5 days after the 60Co radiation. The changes reached the summit in 10 days and the general living condition of the animals recovered in 60 days. The fungiform papillae and taste buds of the animals appeared degeneration, atrophy and collapsing in 5 days after the 60Co radiation. The injuries reached the summit in 10-20 days and the fungiform papillae and taste buds regenerated partially, and the some atrophied fungiform papillae and taste buds were not regenerated in 60 days.

CONCLUSIONThe damage to fungiform papillae and taste buds of tongue following the 60Co radiation with the clinical doses was very serious. The damaged fungiform papillae and taste buds can regenerate partially, but not completely.

Animals ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Taste Buds ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Tongue ; pathology ; radiation effects

AIM:To study the regulation mechanism of diet containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on retinal neovascularization in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model.METHODS:Sixty C57BL /6J mice,seven-day-old,were classified into 3 groups:A the normal control group,B the OIR model group,C the ω-3 PUFAs diet group.Each group has twenty mice and separated fed by their lactating mice.The normal control group was fed in a standard atmosphere environment,B,C groups were first fed in a hyper-oxygen atmosphere of (75 ± 2) ％ oxygen percentage for 5d,then continue fed in a standard atmosphere.The ω-3 PUFAs diet group was fed with dose base on their weight by 7.5mg/kg/d.All mice were sacrificed when they were seventeen-day-old,the relative neovascularization areas (NA) were calculated by fluorescein angiography on flat-mounted retina.The number of endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the inner linmiting membrane (ILM) was counted on hematoxylin and eosin-stained retinal section.The ω-3PUFAs/ω-6PUFAs relative amount and ratio was measured by GC-MS in the retina.A real-time PCR and Western Blot method were used to detect the mRNA,peroxisome proliferator-avtivated receptor-γ (RPAR-γ),vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2)in the retina.RESULTS:There was a significant different in all groups on the relative neovascularization areas and the number of endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the ILM (FNA =20.45,P＜0.05;FILM =48.66,P＜0.05).NA between Group A and B had a significant difference (t=8.64,P＜0.05),the same between Group C and B (t=8.91,P＜0.05).The cell nuclei breaking through ILM in Group A and B was significantly different (t =38.51,P＜ 0.05),the same in GroupC and B (t=19.86,P＜0.05).For the relative contain in retina of ω-3PUFAs and ω-6PUFAs,there was a significant different among all groups (F=129.86,F=112.44;all P＜0.05).That of Group C was significant different than other two groups(t=23.15,25.42;t=16.43,11.95;P＜0.05).There were significant different among all groups on ω-3PUFAs/ω-6PUFAs ratio,retinal RPAR-γmRNA expression,retinal VEGF-A mRNA expression and VEGFR-2 mRNA expression (Fω-3/6 =10.30,FRPAR-γ =138.24,FVEGF-A =69.12,FVEGFR-2 =52.45;P＜0.05).The ω-3PUFAs/ω-6PUFAs ratio of Group C was higher than that of Group B (P＜0.05).Compared to Group B,on one hand Group C had a higher expression (P＜0.05),on other hand Group C had a lower expression on VEGF-A mRNA and VEGFR-2 mRNA(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:The diet rich with ω-3 PUFAs uplifts the ω-3PUFAs/ω-6PUFAs ratio and activates RPAR-γ to lower expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 to inhabit oxygen induced retinal neovascularization.