OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) on the quality of life in aged patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). METHODS: Altogether 358 BPH patients were evaluated by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the 5-Item Version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5),Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) questionnaires, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS),residual urine volume (RUV), and maximum flow rate(Qmax) before and at 3 months after they underwent TURP. RESULTS: The mean scores of IPSS, QOLS, SAS, and SDS, and mean RUV decreased, and mean Qmax increased significantly at 3 months after receiving operation compared with those before the treatment in aged patients with BPH. But no significant difference was found in the scores of IIEF-5 between post-operation and pre-operation. CONCLUSION TURP may alleviate BPH clinical symptoms and improve quality of life, but may not be helpful to the recovery of sexual function in aged patients with BPH.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; adverse effects ; methods

This study aims at making full use of microbial resources, and screening the active endophytic fungi of anti-rheumatoid arthritis from Zanthoxylum simulans. The endophytic fungi were cultured and isolated by tissue culture and scribing method, and the active strain of inhibiting the proliferation of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (HFLS-RA) was screened by MTT method. Morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences were applied for the taxonomy of endophytic fungi. Strains were isolated from Z. simulans. Among them, MK-05, MK-17, MK-19, MK-23 having inhibiting activity to HFLS-RA, the IC₅₀ were 0.367, 0.775, 0.689, 0.757 g·L⁻¹, respectively. By classic morphologic classification and sequencing the PCR-amplified rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions, four effective strains were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea, Phomopsis sp., P. liquidambari and Diaporthe perseae. The active endophyic fungi that inhibited the proliferation of HFLS-RA were screened from Z. simulans for the first time, and the results lay the foundation for the development and utilization of the Z. simulans resources.

Ketamine (KTM), a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, was found to has an anti-inflammatory effect, but some patients suffered from exacerbated pro-inflammatory reactions after anesthesia with KTM. The present study was aimed to examine the underlying mechanism of pro-inflammatory effects of KTM. In this study, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to KTM and NMDA alone or combined for 30 min before lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA, and those of NMDA receptors by RT-PCR in RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, the TLR4 expression was determined by RT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that in RAW264.7 cells, KTM alone promoted the TLR4 expression, but did not increase the expression of IL-6 or TNF-α. In the presence of LPS, KTM caused a significantly higher expression of IL-6 and TNF-α than LPS alone. NMDA could neither alter the IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression, nor reverse the enhanced expression of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA by KTM in LPS-challenged cells. After TLR4-siRNA transfection, RAW264.7 cells pretreated with KTM no longer promoted the IL-6 and TNF-α expression in the presence of LPS. In conclusion, KTM accelerated LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells by promoting TLR4 expression, independent of NMDA receptor.
Anesthetics, Dissociative ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Inflammation Mediators ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; Ketamine ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; N-Methylaspartate ; pharmacology ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of BAM bone grafting combined with inactivated autologous porous bone flap in repairing skull defect in rats.

METHODSSeventy-two Wistar rats with skull defect were randomly divided into control group, inactivated autologous bone flap group (AB group), BAM bone-induced artificial bone material group (BAM group), and inactivated autologous bone flap with BAM bone-induced artificial bone group (BAM+AB group). The bone healing was evaluated with micro-CT and the new bone formation was assessed with histological staining at 1, 2, and 3 months after modeling.

RESULTSInactivated porous bone flap combined with BAM bone-induced artificial bone effectively induced vascular and fibrous tissue regeneration and osteogenesis in the cranial defects. With the inactivated porous bone flap as the scaffold, BAM bone-induced artificial bone obviously promoted the restoration of the skull appearance in the rats with cranial defects.

CONCLUSIONInactivated autologous bone flap group and BAM bone-induced artificial bone material can promote skull healing and restoration of the original skull appearance, and can be used for reconstruction of the local anatomy of the skull surface.

Objective The treatment methods for blood blister-like aneurysm remain controversial due to its special patholog-ical structure,the risk of post-operative rebleeding and the high rate of recurrence. The arm of this paper is to access the feasibility and effectiveness of overlapping stent-assisted coiling in the treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. Methods Form January 2014 to December 2016,we treated 15 patients with blood blister-like aneurysm of the internal carotid artery by stent-assisted coiling in the Department of Neurosurgery,5 with two Enterprise tents,3 with three Enterprise tents,4 with Enter-prise+LVIS tents,and 3 with two LVIS tents. We determined the rate of immediate embolization of aneurysms by Raymond-Roy Occlu-sion Classification(RROC)and analyzed the clinical characteristics,postoperative complications,and follow-up data. Results All the coils and stents were successfully implanted. RROC showed 9 cases of gradeⅠ(60%),4 cases of gradeⅡ(27%),and 2 cases of gradeⅢimmediate occlusion(13%),with the parent arteries unobstructed in all the cases. Thrombosis in the stent was found in 2 cases intraoperatively,slight stent migration in 1 case,and internal carotid artery dissection in the petrous segment in another,but no cer-ebral vasospasm or aneurysm rupture in any case.Delayed cerebral in-farct was observed in 2 cases postoperatively. The patients were fol-lowed up for 2 weeks to 28 months,which showed that 11 of them were cured,2 remained stable and 2 developed further thrombosis,with an MRS score of 0-2 in 12 cases,4 in 1 case,5 in 1 case, and 6 in 1case. Conclusion Overlapping stent-assisted coiling is effective for the treatment of blood blister-like aneurysm by reduc-ing the risks of rebleeding and recurrence.

Objective To explore the relationship between T lymphocyte subsets and both glioma malignancy and its prognosis, and determine a clinical immunologic index for evaluating preoperative glioma malignancy and its prognosis. Methods The data of 117 inpatients with primary intracranial tumors, including glioma (n=85) and meningioma (n=32), were retrospectively analyzed. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis was performed to detect the preoperative contents of T lymphocyte subsets on 32 patients with meningioma and patients with glioma, including 45 high-grade glioma (WHO, grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) and 40 low-grade glioma (WHO, grade Ⅰ -Ⅱ); and then the differences of their immunologic indexes were analyzed. Based on the detection result of T lymphocyte subsets, patients with glioma were divided into two groups: CD4~+CD8~+<1 and CD4~+CD8~+>1. Follow-up for 3-5 years was performed and the survival difference of these two groups was analyzed. Results Patients with high-grade glioma showed a decreased ratio of CD4~+CD8~+ and an increased value of CD8~+ with significant difference as compared with patients with low-grade glioma (P<0.05); patients with high-grade glioma showed a decreased ratio of CD4~+CD8~+, and an increased value of CD8~+ with statistical significance compared with patients with meningioma (P <0.05); patients with low-grade glioma showed a decreased ratio of CD4~+CD8~+ with statistical significance compared with the patients with meningioma (P<0.05). Patients with glioma showed a decreased ratio of CD4~+CD8~+ and CD4~+, and an increased CD8~+ with statistical significance compared with patients with meningioma (P<0.05). After follow-up for 3-5 years, 48 patients with glioma was found in the CD4~+CD8~+>1 group with 21 death (43.8%) and 31 months as a median survival time; 37 patients with glioma was found in the CD4~+CD8~+<1 group with 23 death (62.2%) and 16 months as a median survival time. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were analyzed with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The prognosis is poor in patients with low ratio of CD4~+CD8~+. The preoperative level of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, correlated to the glioma malignancy, can be considered as an index to evaluate the glioma malignancy and the prognosis in patients with glioma.

BACKGROUNDThe perioperative aortic dissection (AD) rupture is a severe event after endovascular stent graft placement for treatment of type B AD. However, this life-threatening complication has not undergone systematic investigation. The aim of the study is to discuss the reasons of AD rupture after the procedure.

METHODSThe medical record data of 563 Stanford type B AD patients who received thoracic endovascular repair from 2004 to December 2011 at our institution were collected and analyzed. Double entry and consistency checking were performed with Epidata software.

RESULTSTwelve patients died during the perioperation after thoracic endovascular repair, with an incidence of 2.1%, 66.6% were caused by aortic rupture and half of the aortic rupture deaths were caused by retrograde type A AD. In our study, 74% of the non-rupture surviving patients had the free-flow bare spring proximal stent implanted, compared with 100% of the aortic rupture patients (74% vs. 100%, P = 0.213). The aortic rupture patients are more likely to have ascending aortic diameters = 4 cm (62.5% vs. 9.0%, P = 0.032), involvement the aortic arch concavity (62% vs. 27%, P = 0.041) and have had multiple stents placed (P = 0.039).

CONCLUSIONSThoracic AD endovascular repair is a safe and effective treatment option for AD with relative low in-hospital mortality. AD rupture may be more common in arch stent-graft patients with an ascending aortic diameter = 4 cm and with severe dissection that needs multi-stent placement. Attention should be paid to a proximal bare spring stent that has a higher probability of inducing an AD rupture. Post balloon dilation should be performed with serious caution, particularly for the migration during dilation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; surgery ; Aortic Rupture ; etiology ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents

Objective To develop a feasible method to reduce the rat intestinal autofluorescence (AF). Methods Five rats were sacrificed. After cryostat section, intestinal AF was investigated by immunofluorescence (IF) before and after Sudan black B (SBB) treatment. Results The AF within the different rat intestinal segments was easily detected in both FITC- and TRITC- channel spectrum, which was not affected by serum blocking. After 0. 3% SBB treatment for 10 minutes, a significant reduction of AF was observed in the rat intestinal tissue. Moreover, the SBB treatment did not affect the expression of CD45 in the rat intestine detected by IF staining, but reduced the AF remarkedly. Conclusion The AF in rat intestinal frozen section can be effectively reduced with 0. 3% SBB treatment for 10 minutes.

Objective:To investigate the effects of ATG5 and ATG7 genes on the sensitivity of multiple myeloma(MM)cell line RPMI-8226 cells to ferroptosis.Methods:CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to knock out the autophagy key genes ATG5 and ATG7 in RPMI-8226 cells.Western blot was used to identify gene knockout cells,and detect the expression changes of autophagy-related proteins P62 and LC3B.Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of sensitivity of gene knockout cells to RSL3.The content of intracellular ferrous ions and reactive oxygen species(ROS)level in gene knockout cells were detected.Results:Western blot result confirmed that ATG5 and ATG7 genes were knocked out successfully in RPMI-8226 cells.The result of flow cytometry showed that the cell viability of RPMI-8226 cells was dose-dependent on different concentrations of RSL3(r=-0.969).RSL3(10 μmol/L)was used to induce ferroptosis in cells of control group and gene knockout groups,then the cell viability in gene knockout groups were both higher than control group after 48 hours(both P＜0.001).After knocking out the ATG5 and ATG7 genes,the content of intracellular Fe2+decreased significantly compared with control group(both P＜0.01),and the ROS level also decreased(both P＜0.001).Conclusion:Knockout of ATG5 and ATG7 genes can inhibit the ferroptosis of MM cells,and LAP pathway may be involved in the regulation.

Objective To identify the disease-causing gene in a Chinese pedigree with familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by whole-exome sequencing.Methods After collecting the clinical data and extracting the whole blood genomic DNA of the 5 family members form a Chinese DCM pedigree,whole-exome sequencing was performed to search the causative genes.Familial co-segregation analysis among the pedigree was subsequently confirmed by traditional Sanger sequencing.Results We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) on representative affected individuals and unaffected familial members from this pedigree.After comparison with variants identified in affected individuals and unaffected individuals,along with previously reported genetic mutations associated with DCM,we found that a heterozygous variant c.961 C＞T (p.Arg321Ter) in exon 6 of the LMNA gene in affected individuals matched the criteria to be the potential disease-causing gene,which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.This stop-gain mutation leads to only a small part of LMNA-coding protein expressed,therefore we concluded that LMNA c.961 C＞T should be the causative mutation for this familial DCM case.Conclusions The nonsense mutation c.961 C＞ T in gene LMNA identified by whole-exome sequencing might be the pathogenic mutation in this DCM pedigree.