Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Disorders ; drug therapy ; Human Growth Hormone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo summarize the pharmacological function of oleanolic acid.

METHODBased on the documents and related achievements, the pharmacological function and its mechanism including its clinical use were summed up.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONOleanolic Acid is a natural chemical which has wide-ranging function and abundant source. But we should place the emphasis on improving its biotic utilization and effect on clinical treatment.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Oleanolic Acid ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

AIM:To investigate the characteristics of Ets-1 and VEGF expression and distribution in the experimental diabetic rat retina.METHODS:Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ).At 4 weeks after STZ-injection,animals were sacrificed.Total proteins were isolated from retinas of experimental and control eyes and were assessed by Western blot analysis.Frozen cross sections of eyeballs with 14um thickness were used to perform double immunoffuorescence staining with anti-Ets-1 and anti-VEGF antibodies.RESULTS:Both Ets-1 and VEGF expression were up-regulaled in the diabetic retina,the distribution of Ets-1 and VEGF was identical to each other,and the two proteins were almostlocalized in all retinal layers.CONCLUSION:Ets-1 might contribute to the pathologic progress of the diabetic retina induced by VEGF.

AIM: To determine the involvement of Ets-1 in the pathological progress of the experimental diabetic retina. METHODS: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Total RNA and Total proteins were isolated from retinas of experimental and control eyes at 4 weeks after STZ-injection and were assessed by Northern blot analysis and Western blot analysis, respectively.RESULTS: Expression of both Ets-1 mRNA and Ets-1 protein was significantly increased in the experimental diabetic rat's retina after STZ-injection compared with the control group (P＜0.001).CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that Ets-1 was involved in the pathological progress of experimental diabetic retina.Further studies should be conducted to focus on the relationship between Ets-1 and VEGF in the diabetic retina.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents from the root and rhizome of Rheum rhizastachyum.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-gel CHP-20P separately and their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral technology.

RESULTSix compounds were isolated and identified as chrysophanol, emodin, gallic acid, sucrose, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-chrysophanols, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-emodin.

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Emodin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Gallic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rheum ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in the root of Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz..

METHODThe constituents were isolated by Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel column chromatography, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis.

RESULTFive compounds, medicarpin (I), 3-hydroxy-9-methoxycoumestan (II), 3, 9-dihydroxycoumestan (III), beta-sitosterol (IV), beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (V) were obtained.

CONCLUSIONCompounds II, III, V were obtained from the plant for the first time.

Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pterocarpans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

0.05).However,the shorter the history of the disease,the better the efficacy of the treatment.The younger the patient was,the better the efficacy of the treatment.Conclusions Vulva dystrophy can be treated with focused ultrasound effectively and safely.This approach appears to be a new promising treatment method.

0.05).Conclusion GH improves FAH of children with GHD.Height at the initiation of puberty is the most significant determining factor for the long-term efficacy.Hence,it is important that the diagnosis should be made and treatment be initiated as early as possible to afford children with GHD the opportunity to make up much of their height deficit before puberty.Adequate dosage of GH should be used for the children taking initial treatment at puberty to attain satisfactory FAH.

OBJECTIVETo describe the epidemiologic features of an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in urban and suburb areas in Beijing and to explore their differences between these two areas.

METHODSData of SARS cases were collected from daily notification of China Ministry of Health and a database of infectious diseases was established by the Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control (BCDC). All the data were put into dataset files by Microsoft Excel-2000 and analyzed with SPSS version 10.0 software.

RESULTSThe respective urban incidence and mortality rate were 29.06 and 2.21 per 100,000, while the case fatality rate was 7.62%. In contrast, the respective suburb incidence and mortality rate were 10.61 and 0.78 per 100,000, and the case fatality rate was 7.32%. No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics between the urban and suburb areas.

CONCLUSIONBeijing urban area suffered a more serious SARS epidemic than the suburb area in 2003.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cities ; Female ; Health Occupations ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Suburban Population ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Hedysarum polybotrys.

METHODChromatographic methods were used to isolate compounds from H. polybotrys and chemical and spectral methods were used to elucidate the structures of the isolated compounds.

RESULTFive compounds, N,N,N-trimethyl-tropaphone inner salt (hypaphorine) (1), octadecyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-benzeneacrylate (2), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-dihydroflavanone 5,7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), 3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamic acid methy ester (4) and vanillic acid (5), were isolated from the roots of H. polybotrys.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1, 2 and 3 were obtained from this plant for the first time, while compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from Hedysarum for the first time.

Acrylates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Indoles ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry