Extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass, an elegant procedure, was first performed and developed gradually by M. Gazi Yasargil. It has been used in the management of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, moyamoya disease, intracranial aneurysms and brain tumors.This article focuses on its application in the ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and reviews it from the aspects of cerebral hemodynamics of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, indications for arterial bypass, preoperative evaluation, operating modes, intraoperative assessment,complications, postoperative care and prognosis.

This paper reports the methods of inducing animal model of abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) and the research on etiology.The formation of AAA is the result of cooperation of multifactors such as genetic and biochemistric facfors.Different animal models of AAA can provide a possibility in researching the etiology and pathogenesis of AAA etc, and useful in judging the therapy and prognosis .

Chitosan and it's derivatives have good biologic and particular physical and chemical properties. They have a wide applied foreground on drug preparations. This study introduced the recent advances of them based on widely researching the information and the actual works, and provided reference for the study of oral drug preparations.

Objective To explore the correlations between quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI ( DCE-MRI) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC) clinical stage.Methods 69 patients with NPC were selected from Oct 2013 to Oct 2015 in Shaoxing People's Hospital,39 men and 30 women,aged 39-76 years old,average 50.6 ±10.5 years old.All patients underwent clinical staging,DCE-MRI and histopathological examina-tion before treatment.Clinical stages were determined based on Chinese 2008 staging system.Value of the volume transfer constant ( Ktrans) and the extravascular extracellular space volume per unit volume of tissue ( Ve) was detec-ted by bi-compartmental pharmacokinetic model.The correlations between quantitative parameters and clinical stage were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results Mean Ktrans and Ve for NPC were (0.532 ±0.156) mL/min/100cm3 and (0.982 ±0.356),respectively.Ktrans of NPC showed negative correlation with clinical stage (r=-0.506,P=0.001),T stage (r=-0.326,P=0.014),N stage (r=-0.296,P=0.017) and M stage (r=-0.312,P=0.015),while Ve showed positive correlation with clinical stage (r=0.415,P=0.002),T stage (r=0.478,P=0.001),N stage (r=0.318,P=0.015) and M stage (r=0.346,P=0.011).Conclusion DCE-MRI quantitative parameters are significantly related to clinical stage of NPC,which has important values for clinical treat-ment and prognostic assessment.

Objective To evaluate the physical dependence of Zhixieling capsule.Methods The physical dependence of Zhixieling capsule was observed by mouse jump test,rat precipitation test and rat natural withdrawal test.Results Zhixieling capsule showed no obvious withdrawal symptoms.Conclusion Zhixieling capsule has no physical dependence.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the ward round model of clinical pharmacists.METHODS:The ward round model of clinical pharmacists was designed and explored based on clinical practice.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists can engage in ward rounds either in cooperation with physicians or alone in special department,or by targeting at those patients using certain drugs.Each model has its distinctive characteristics and clinical pharmacists can choose suitable model based on their own level as well as the conditions in software,hardware and environment so as to facilitate rational administration.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the possibility of null stock in hospital drug storehouse.METHODS:The current situation of the drug storehouse of our hospital and pharmaceutical company of our district,and the existing problems in implementation of null stock were analysed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:There exist difficulties in carrying out complete null stock in hospital drug storehouse now,however,if computer network is adopted and the drug storage is shared by both hospital and pharmaceutical company,implementation of null stock in hospital drug storehouse will be practical.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of internal sphincter deletions on postoperative fecal incontinence in rectal cancer patients after intersphincteric resection (ISR). MethodsSeventy one cases of rectal tumour were respectively treated by low anterior resection (group A, intact internal sphincter),partial ISR (group B,1/3 internal sphincter deletion),subtotal ISR (group C,2/3 internal sphincter deletion) and total ISR (group D,total internal sphincter deletion).Anorectal manometry and Vaizey scoring system were used to trace dynamic changes of fecal incontinence in the four groups in one year follow up. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance. ResultsIn all cases the length of postoperative anal high-pressure zone shortened by groups.With time the length of high-pressure zone increased slightly.By the end of postoperative 12 months,there were still significant differences between groups( F =41.873,P =0.000).The maximum resting pressure of anal canal significantly reduced in all groups.By the end of postoperative 12 months,it almost restored to preoperative level in group A,while in group B and C it was about 2/3 of the preoperative level; and 1/3 of the preoperative level in group D.Vaizey score at postoperative 10 days,increased in all groups.In group B and C the score was on continuous decrease until the end of postoperative 12 months(P =0.158) it was close to that in group A.While in group D it was only 13.7 ±3.2 by the end of postoperative 12 months.Multiple regression analysis showed that by the end of postoperative 12 month,the maximum resting pressure of anal canal and postoperative anal high-pressure zone length were significantly and negatively related with the subjective Vaizey score of fecal incontinence ( t =- 4.802,P =0.000 ; t =- 2.011,P =0.048 ).ConclusionsIn patients of ultra-low rectal cancer undergoing intersphincteric resection,fecal incontinence severity indicator vaizey score as evaluated by the end of postoperative 12 months was associated with the maximum resting pressure of anal canal and anal high-pressure zone length.In addition,postoperative fecal incontinence severity carries reversible dynamic changes, and with time, most patients could restore satisfactory stool control function.

Objective To investigate the effect of the asymmetric of masticatory force on the remodeling of bilateral mandibular condylar cartilage of SD rats. Methods The animal models were established respectively by excising the unilateral temporalis, and injecting botulinum toxin A into the unilateral masseter. Dividing three batch processing 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and 9 weeks after the animal modeling, six rats were killed in each group. The expression of CTGF in condylar cartilage was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results CTGF expressed in proliferative layer,chondroblast layer and hypertrophic layer of the condylar cartilage. The expression of CTGF in the experimental groups was increased than control groups (<0.05) . There was no significant difference between the left and right side in the experimental groups ( >0.05), the expression of CTGF after 6 weeks of operation was stronger than the group after 3 weeks of operation, the expression of CTGF after 9 weeks of operation was the strongest than all of other groups ( <0.05) . Conclusions The asymmetric of masticatory force can up-regulate the expression of CTGF mRNA in rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes. CTGF induces the effect of stress-mediated on the mandibular condylar cartilage remodeling.

Objective To study the relationships among postpartum depression,dysfunctional attitudes and automatic thoughts.Methods 274 cases of postpartum women were estimated at fifth or sixth week after delivery by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS),Dysfunctional Attitudes Scales (DAS),Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire(ATQ) and some other forms designed by ourselves.Results ①The prevalence of postpartum depression was 18.20％.②The impact of culture degree on postpartum depression was statistically significant(x2 =12.37,P ＜ 0.05).③Compared with normal subjects,the postpartum depression group had significantly higher total score of ATQ (48.98 ± 12.35 vs 79.29 ± 23.90),total scores of DAS (118.92 ± 20.03 vs 148.03 ± 28.47),attraction or repulsion (13.82 ± 4.33 vs 18.01 ± 6.38),perfection (14.53 ± 5.91 vs 19.21 ± 5.23),compulsion(13.09 ± 3.61 vs 19.36 ± 4.98),seeking applause (14.97 ± 4.06 vs 18.78 ± 5.59),dependence (14.30 ±4.12 vs 19.23 ± 5.43),autonomous attitude(16.54 ± 3.67 vs 21.51 ± 4.81),cognition philosophy (12.32 ± 3.79 vs 18.16 ± 3.43),the difference was all statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).④There was a significant positive correlation in postpartum depression and total scores of ATQ,total scores of DAS,attraction or repulsion,perfection,compulsion,seeking applause,dependence,cognition philosophy (the Pearson correlation was respectively:0.658,0.432,0.187,0.432,0.481,0.304,0.458,0.459,P ＜ 0.01).⑤Through stepwise regression analysis,automatic thoughts,cognition philosophy,compulsion,perfection and dysfunctional attitudes might play considerable role to predict the occurrence of postpartum depression.Conclusion Automatic thoughts,dysfunctional attitudes can predict postpartum depression to some extent.