Objective To compare the effects of hypothermic arrest circulation ( HAC) with moderate or deep hypothermic antegrade selective cerebral perfusion ( ASCP) technique in patients with DeBake type Ⅰ aortic dissection or aortic arch aneurysm undergoing total aortic arch replacement. Methods Between Feb. 2007 and Aug. 2009, 60 patients who underwent aortic arch replacement using HAC + SCP technique. Patients were divided into two groups according to the lowest nasopharyngeal temperature: moderate hypothermia (18 - 20℃) (group MH, n = 28), and deep hypothermia (23 -25 ℃) (group DH,n=32). The clinical and neurological outcomes were observed. Results The overall in-hospital mortality was 3. 33% (2/60) ; In-hospital mortality was 3. 6% in the MH group, while3.1% in the DH group. There were no significant differences regarding to preoperative the patients' character parameters in both groups. At the beginning of ASCP, the nasopharyngeal and rectal temperatures were significantly higher in group MH[MH group (23.8 ± 1. 9 ) ℃ ( 26. 6 ± 2. 4 ) ℃ vs. DH group group (29.4 ±9.3) min vs. DH group(32.9 ± 13.4) min]. The rewarming time and CPB time were significantly shorter in MH group[(65.0±13.9) min vs. (90.3 ±27.2) min; (142.8 ±34.2) min vs. (194.1 ±42.0) min, P <0. 05]. Temporary neurologic deficits occurred in four patients (6. 67% ) without significant differences between two groups ( MH group 7.14% vs. DH group 6. 25% ). No patient suffered from permanent neurologic dysfunction. There were no significant differences between two groups in other parameters including intubation time, kidney insufficiency, the stay times in ICU and hospital. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that moderate HCA + ASCP technique is a safe strategy for the treatment of patients who require conventional total arch replacement with individual arch-vessel reconstruction. Shorter CPB time in patients with moderate HCA + ASCP did not increase any other postoperative adverse effects.

The training of clinical thinking ability is the key point of obstetrical teaching to medical students in eight-year program.Obstetrical department of the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university has put forward specific methods of SP inquiring and PBL case analysis teaching.The well-designed teaching methods have an active role in the training of case history collecting ability,diagnosing and treating ability to medical students in eight-year program.

The treatment effect of primary and metastatic hepatic carcinoma after local intervention?al therapy is closely related to the prognosis of patients. Traditional imaging modalities such as CT, MRI and ultrasound can only provide anatomical information in monitoring treatment response. In recent years, PET/CT has been widely used in monitoring treatment response for tumors. Many studies have compared the effi?cacy of PET/CT with that of traditional imaging modalities in monitoring the response of primary and meta?static hepatic carcinoma after interventional therapy. This review summarizes recent progress in this field.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Zhenju Jiangya Tablet (ZJ) on the injured endothelial cells and endothelium-dependent relaxation function of hyperlipidemia rabbits. METHODS: Male New Zealand rabbits were randomized into four groups: control group, hyperlipidemia group, ZJ group and sivastatin group. The endothelium-dependent relaxation function was evaluated by APV using intravascular Doppler, and the morphology of endothelial cells was detected by light microscopy and electron microscopy, and nitric oxide synthase was evaluated. RESULTS: ZJ reduced the lesions of hyperlipidemia vessels, and the APV after Ach injection of each group was (1.14+/-0.26), (1.74+/-0.59), (1.22+/-0.37) and (1.17+/-0.41) respectively. The eNOS of each group was (4.21+/-0.37), (1.43+/-0.88), (3.95+/-0.67) and (4.08+/-0.46) nmol x min(-1) x g(-1) respectively. CONCLUSION: ZJ can improve the abnormality of endothelial cells and endothelium-dependent relaxation function of hyperlipidemia.

Objective To clinically analyze the incidence of early extrapulmonary complications in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD),including periventricular intraventricular hemorrhage(PVH-IVH),white matter injury(WMI),parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis(PNAC) and metabolic bone disease(MBD),in order to direct the prevention and monitoring of these complications in BPD patients.Methods The clinical data of premature infants who were admitted to the neonatal department between September 2014 and December 2015 was retrospectively analyzed.A total of 87 premature infants diagnosed with BPD were studied as BPD group,while other 90 premature infants without BPD who were hospitalized at the same time were randomly selected as non BPD group.The occurrence of several common extrapulmonary complications was compared between two groups,including PVH-IVH,WMI,PNAC and MBD.Results The incidence of PVH-IVH in BPD group increased compared with non BPD group[(26.4%(23/87) vs 11.1%(10/90)] (P＜0.01),grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ PVH-IVH was more often seen in the BPD group too[24.1%(21/87) vs.11.1%(10/90)](P＜0.05),although the difference between two groups regarding the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ PVH-IVH was not significant (P＞0.05).The incidence of WMI in BPD group was much higher than that in non BPD group[33.3%(29/87) vs 16.7%(15/90)] (P＜0.05),especially periventricular leukomalacia,the severe type of WMI,was more often found in BPD group than that in non BPD group[13.7%(12/87) vs 2.2%(2/90)](P＜0.05).The incidences of PNAC[22.9%(20/87) vs 5.5%(5/90)],MBD[17.2%(15/87) vs 3.3%(3/90)] and MBD with imaging changes[6.9%(6/87) vs 0] were all higher in BPD group compared with non BPD group,with significant differences between the two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion BPD patients are more likely to have early extrapulmonary complications like PVH-IVH,WMI,PNAC and MBD than other preterm infants.It is crucial to prevent these complications reasonably and monitor them regularly for the BPD patients in order to improve the quality of life.

AIM:To explore the characteristics of hepatitis B virus S gene mutation in the vertical transmission after active and passive vaccination .METHODS:Fifteen cases of immunoprophylaxis failure were enrolled in the study . HBV S gene (including pres-S and S) from the mothers, newborns before active and passive vaccination and 7-month-old infants with immunoprophylaxis failure were detected by PCR amplification .The characteristics of HBV S gene mutation were compared among the 3 groups.RESULTS: The genotype of HBV in the newborns and the infants was the same as that in the mothers .The frequencies of mutation in the 2 fragments of the HBV S gene had no significant difference between the 3 groups.The homology tree model based on HBV S gene was analyzed in the 3 groups, in which every group had their own cluster.There were 15 different mutation sites between 7 pairs of mothers and newborns .There were 3 different muta-tion sites between 3 pairs of newborns and infants (nt273A→A/G, nt512C→C/T and nt1139C→A), among which the first 2 were located in the S gene region but not in the “a” determinant , and the latter was located in the overlap region of S and X genes .There were 25 different mutation sites between 9 pairs of mothers and infants , but only 1 case had a differ-ent mutation site between the mother , newborn and infant .CONCLUSION: The HBV species in newborns and infants with immunoprophylaxis failure were transmitted from the mothers .The mutations in the HBV S gene with immunoprophy-laxis failure happened before and after active and passive vaccination , mainly before vaccination .The relationship between HBV S gene mutations and immunoprophylaxis failure should be further explored .

Background and purpose:Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), a member of epidermal growth factor receptor family, initiates a diverse set of signaling pathways that ultimately affect such fun-damental processes as cell proliferation, cell motility and cell apoptosis. It is reported that HER-2 was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. However, the mechanism needs further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of HER-2 on regulating EMT process.Methods:Transwell assay was used to determine the motility of breast cancer cells; Real-time lfuorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-FQ-PCR) was employed to determine the expression of genes of interest, and reactive oxygen species production was measured by reactive oxygen species detection kit.Results:HER-2 overexpression in breast cancer cells could promote cell migration and invasion. Mechanistic study showed that HER-2 overexpression could upregulate ZEB1 expression. ZEB1 silencing by siRNA reduced cell motility of HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species produced in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells were less than those produced in corresponding control cells.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that HER-2 overexpression endowed breast cancer cells with EMT related properties by upregulating ZEB1 expression. ZEB1 could be a candidate target for further study of the relation-ship between HER-2 and EMT.

Objective:To construct a recombination plasmid containing a kanamycin resistance gene,the upstream and downstream fragment of luxS of Streptococcus mutans so that luxS can be knock out by transforming the plasmid into S.mutans later.Methods:Kanamycin resistance gene,the upstream and downstream of luxS were cloned respectively by using plasmid pEGFP-N1 and DNA of Streptococcus mutans as template.Then the genes were ligated into Multiple Cloning Site(MCS) of vector pMD19-T in certain order and transformed into E.coli Competent Cells.Finally transformants were selected for resistance to kanamycin and ampicillin.Results:Kanamycin resistance gene and the upstream and downstream of luxS were successfully ligated into accurate enzyme digestion site of vector pMD19-T,and restriction digests analysis and sequencing result was correct.Conclusion:LuxS gene knock-out of Streptococcus Mutans recombinant plasmid is constructed and built a base of constructing Streptococcus Mutans luxS mutans in the future.

Objective To certify whether 99mTc-HL91 can be trapped in ischemic myocardium prominently for clinical imaging. Methods The model of myocardial ischemia in rabbits was prepared and the distribution of 99mTc-HL91 was observed. The distribution of 99mTc-HL91 in the whole body was also observed. Results The myocardium of the left ventricle supplied by LCX was ischemic according to the change of electrical physiology and the results of NBT dying. The radioactivity in the myocardium of left ventricle supplied by LCX was higher than that supplied by LAD. LCX/LAD: 120 min, 2.57; 180 min, 3.45. 99mTc-HL91 was mostly distributed in the liver and kidney, next, the stomach and intestine. It was excreted through urination and defecation. There was little radioactivity in the heart and lungs and it eliminated quickly. 99mTc-HL91 was eliminated quickly from blood, too. Conclusion Ischemic myocardium can trap 99mTc-HL91 more significantly and relatively prominently at 180 minutes of post-injection. 99mTc-HL91 can be used in myocardial hypoxia imaging.

Objective To explore the clinical value of 256-slice CT whole hepatic perfusion imaging in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Twenty-three patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent whole hepatic perfusion with the JOG technique one week before TACE.The scanning data of cancer and liver tissues were analyzed using the perfusion software.The cancer tissue perfusion was repeated 4 to 6 weeks after treatment and was compared with that before treatment.Results (1) Before TACE,the HCC lesions were shown on the hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP) map as homogeneous hyper-perfusion lesions in 8 patients and as inhomogeneous hyper-perfusion lesions in 15 patients.The HAP and hepatic arterial perfusion index (HAPI) values of the tumor were higher than those of the liver tissues,while the hepatic portal perfusion (HPP) values of the tumor was lower than that of the liver tissues.The differences were all significant (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Mter TACE,the tumors were totally filled with lipiodol in 3 patients,partially filled with lipiodol in 13 patients,and sparsely filled with lipiodol in the remaining 3 patients.There was no blood perfusion in the lipiodol-filled areas and in the cancer necrotic tissues,but in the sparsely or partially lipiodol-filled areas blood perfusion could still be seen.21 patients received another session of TACE 6 to 8 weeks later.The results between the hepatic arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the CT perfusion were 100％ matching.The HAP and HAPI values of the tumor decreased when compared with before treatment,and the difference was significant (both P ＜0.05).The HPP values decreased slightly with no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05),while higher HAP and HPI and lower HPP were observed in the active cancer tissues when compared with the liver tissues after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 256-slice MSCT whole liver perfusion imaging can quantitatively reflect abnormal perfusion of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and postoperative active tissues,and has important guiding significance in the preoperative evaluation,and the postoperative follow up of patients treated with TACE.