ObjectiveTo study the effect of electromygraphic biofeedback on upper extremity function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke.Methods79 patients were randomly divided into experimental group(40 cases) and control group(39 cases).Patients in each group were given clinical treatment and regularly physical therapy, while those in experimental group were given electromygraphic biofeedback training. All patients were evaluated with electromyography amplitude and active range of motion(AROM) of wrist dorsiflexion and upper extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment pre-treatment and 3 months after stroke.ResultsAll the patients gained improvement after treating(P<0.05).Compared with the controls, patients in experimental group significantly improved their function in all measured item(P<0.01).ConclusionThe electromygraphic biofeedback can improve the arm function of hemiplegic patients.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; methods

Objective To investigate the value of cluster cate forpatients with ventilator-associated pneumo-nia (VAP) in the intensive care unit. Method Three hundred fifty-four consecutive patients with mechanical ven-tilation support in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of Nanjing First Hospital from January 2006 to September 2007 were included in this study. The cluster care included elevating patient's head and chest to at least 30 de-grecs to the horizontal level, intensiving frequency of oral-pharyngeal nursing with thorough suction, washing hands, changing ventialtor tube at shorter regular interval, closely observing temperature, sputmn, WBC count, pu-turn, white blood cell count, chest X-ray examination and respiratory tract bacterial culture etc. Another 398 me-chanical ventilated patients with conventional care in the Hospital from January 2004 to November 2005 were taken as control. The t -test and X2 -test were used for analysis. Results The morbidity of VAP was significantly de-creased after cluster care(16.6 % vs. 24.6% P<0.01), the length of intensive care unit stay (LOS) was shorter in patients with cluster care than those in patients of control [(10.75±5.86) d vs. (14.26±9.40) d, P <0.05]. Conclusions Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation can be effectively reduced by the cluster care.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic significance of metastastic lymph node ratio in patients with gastric cancer. Methods Clinical data of 319 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy with at least 15 lymph nodes dissected per patient were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the TNM staging system (1997,5th edition): pN0 (no positive lymph node), pN1(with 1～6 metastatic lymph nodes), pN2 group (with 7～15 metastatic lymph nodes), and pN3 group (with more than 15 metastatic lymph nodes), or into 4 groups according to the lymph node metastatic ratio: rN0 group (without metastasis of lymph node), rN1 group (with a lymph node metastatic ratio of <30%), rN2 group (with a lymph node metastatic ratio of 30%～60%), and rN3 group ( with a lymph node metastatic ratio of >60%). Survival was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method and differences were assessed by the Log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using the COX proportional hazard regression model in forward stepwise regression with SPSS 13.0. Results Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the metastatic lymph node ratio significantly influenced the postoperative survival time. According to the lymph node metastasis system 77 patients were in group 1, 109in group 2, 60 in group 3, and 73 in group 4. The 2-year survival rate was 84.4%,66.1%, 35.0%,and 15.1% respectively, 3-year survival rate was 80.5%,45.0%,15.0% and 5.5% respectively, and 4-year survival rate was 71.4%,33.0%,5.0% and 1.4% respectively. If cases with the same positive number of lymph node (pN) group were stratified futher by lymph node metastatic ratio, there were no significant differences in the 3-year survival rate among the new rN groups (P>0.05), but there was a great difference in the distribution of prognosis among different groups. COX proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that the metastatic lymph node ratio was an independent factor for poor prognosis. Lymph node metastatic ratio was closely related with the location, modality of the operation and infiltration depth. Conclusions The staging system based on metastatic lymph node ratio is more reliable than the system based on the number of metastatic lymph nodes in the prediction of the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate the role of clinical pharmacist in medical therapy for a patient with cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy.Methods One patient was hospitalized due to headache and twitch.Clinical diagnosis was cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and epilepsy.During the treatment,the clinical pharmacist gave suggestion on drug selection of anti-infection and anti-epileptic therapy,assessed drug interaction between omeprazole-escitalopram and mannitoldexamethasone,monitored the adverse drug reaction of valproate,and provided medication education to the patient.Results Physician adopted clinical pharmacist's suggestion.The patient discharged with stable condition.Conclusion The participation of clinical pharmacists in the medication therapy of patients with cerebrovascular disease can reduce the risk of drug use and promote the efficacy and safety of medication.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Endocrine Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression changes of p-Akt (Ser473),p-Bad (Ser136) and the cell apoptosis in peri-infarction tissue of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into sham operation,MCAO 3 h,MCAO 12 h,LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h,and LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h groups (n =12 in each group).A permanent MCAO model was induced by the modified suture method.At 15 minutes before modeling,the rats in the LY294002 intervention MCAO groups were administered via lateral ventricle.The neurological function score was scored by using Zea Longa method.2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to detect infarct volume.Immunohistochemical staining was use to detect pAkt (Ser473) and p-Bad (Ser136) expressions in peri-infaretion tissue.TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptotic cells in peri-infarction tissue.Results Three hours after modeling all the experimental rats awoke from anesthesia.The neurological deficit score in the sham operation group was 0,and the scores of the MCAO 3 h,MCAO 12 h,LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h and LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h groups were 2.25 ± 0.45,2.92 ± 0.99,3.00 ± 0.95,and 3.02 ± 0.36,respectively.There were significant differences among all groups (F =26.520,P =0.000).The score of the LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h group was significantly higher than that of the MCAO 3 h group (P =0.009).There was no significant difference between the LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h group and the MCAO 12 h group (P =0.354).TTC staining showed that no infarct was observed in the sham operation group.The infarct volumes of the MCAO 3 h,MCAO 12 h,LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h and LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h groups were 23.4 ± 1.4,40.3 ± 1.1,31.9 ±6.0 and 44.4 ±3.8 mm3,respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (F =30.440,P =0.000).The score of the LY294002 intervention MCAO 3 h group was significantly greater than that of the MCAO 3 h group (P =0.002).There was no significant difference between the LY294002 intervention MCAO 12 h group and the MCAO 12 h group (P=0.113).Compared with the sham operation group,the p-Akt (Ser473) expression in peri-infarction tissue in the MCAO 3 h group was significantly high,and it was significantly decreased in the MCAO 12 h group; the expression level of p-Bad (Ser136) showed a progressive decline with the passage of MCAO time,at the same time,the number of apoptotic cells increased progressively.After the LY294002 intervention,the expression levels of p-Akt (Ser473) and p-Bad (Ser136) in peri-infarction tissue decreased significantly at 3 h after MCAO,and the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly (P ＜0.05),but there was no significant effect on each index at 12 h after MCAO.Conclusions The activation of the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway in early cerebral infarction and the stress elevation of the key protein p-Akt (Ser473) of this pathway have brain protection,while the failure of this pathway activity and the drastical decrease of its key protein in the late cerebral infarction are associated with brain injury.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with manual repositioning for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Methods:A total of 76 BPPV cases were randomly allocated into an observation group (n=38) and a control group (n=38). Patients in the observation group received ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Tinggong (SI 19) plus manual repositioning, whereas patients in the control group received the same manual repositioning alone. Results: After 48 h of treatment, the total effective rate was 94.7% in the observation group, versus 86.8% in the control group; after 7 d of treatment, the total effective rate was 78.9% in the observation group, versus 73.7% in the control group, both showing between-group statistical differences (P<0.05). The follow-up after 3 months showed that 2 cases (6.7%) got relapse in the observation group, versus 8 cases (28.6%) in the control group, showing a statistical difference (P<0.05). The adverse reaction rate was 2.6% in the observation group, versus 21.1% in the control group, showing a statistical difference (P<0.05).Conclusion: Ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Tinggong (SI 19) plus manual repositioning can obtain better effect for BPPV than manual repositioning alone. In addition, this therapy has stable efficacy and causes less adverse reactions.

Pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical study and safety of dapagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus were reviewed in the paper. As a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, dapagliflozin can reduce HbA1c, FPG and body weight of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The main adverse reaction is genital infection. The antihypertensive effect of dapagliflo-zin is still under study at present.

Objectives:To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of glipizide in healthy male volunteers. Methods:The glipizide concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC UV. The column: Lichrospher C18 (5 ?m,150 mm?4.6 mm),the mobile phase: methanl∶0.01 mol/L sodium acetale buffer (pH 4.8) (59 ∶41); the flow rate:1 ml/min, the detection wavelength: 225 nm. The test and reference formulations of glipizide were given to 20 healthy male volunteers. Results: The calibration curve was linear within the range of (25～1 000)?g/L, r =0.999 4. The minimum detection limit was 25 ?g/L. The mean recovery was 89.84%, CV of inter day and intra day were no more than 5%.After a single oral dose of 10 mg glipizide test or reference tablet, the main pharmacokinetic parameters AUC 0-15, AUC 0-∞, T max ,C max and t 1/2 were (3 502.78?635.82) , (3 214.23?590.46)?g/( L?h),(3 868.22?699.93), (3 593.94?638.60)?g/(L?h),(3.85?1.44), (3.76?1.13)h, (550.80?110.19), (531.15?148.42)?g/L,(3.57?1.11)h and (3.80?1.06)h ,respectively. The relative bioavailability F 0-15 ,F 0-∞ were (110.6?19.8)% and (108.8?17.9)%. Conclusions: No significant difference exists among the pharmacokinetic parameters for the experimental tablets and the reference. The two formulations were bioequivalent.