The primary school-based helminthiasis control project was carried out in 767 communes (39 districts of 11 provinces). It is a combinate of IEC activities and periodical deworming every 6 months with mebendazole 500mg. 1,217,754 school children times (in 1,146 primary schools) have been drug administrated, coverage 97.2% - 100%. Side effects were not high 0.03% - 0.29%. Stool examinations have shown that the prevalence of infection is 98.4% - 78.8% and 19.2% respectively in the North, Center and the South. The intensity of Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm infection in almost of schools is not rather high. The KAP surveys have shown that the majority of school children and their parents have knowledges of the reasons and the complications of helminthiasis 62.3% - 80.5% and 99.0%. However, percentage of people using nightsoil as fertilizer is 10.3%
Helminthiasis ; World Health Organization ; Schools

The study was carried out on 35 subjects diagnosed definitely as Basedow by clinical symptoms and T3, T4, TSH reactions. The controlled group composes of 15 healthy persons. Results showed that the rate of females is more than males. Some functional indicators of the left ventricle, Co, EF% were higher than those of control, the volume of systolic blow decreased (p<0.05) due to the intoxication by thyroid hormone level and the volume of left ventrical and the negative correlation between the duration of disease and the blood expelling power of the left ventricle
Graves Disease ; Heart ; patients ; heart ; Ultrasonography ; anatomy & histology

Extracts from roots and leaves of Polyscias fruticosa Harms. (Araliaceae) and their combination have been studied on lipid peroxidation in mouse brain using an auto-oxidation and a free radical generating system: the Fenton’s reagent (ferrous iron + hydrogen peroxide). All the root, leaf and combined extracts have inhibitory action on peroxidation of lipids and trolox, a water-soluble analogue of vitamin E used as a reference antioxidant compound. The results also indicate that the leaf extract is the strongest of all.
Biochemistry ; Plants ; Plants, Medicinal ; Araliaceae

Experimentally, hepatoprotective effect of DinhLang was expressed in mice. The extract of Dinh Lang leaf suppressed the increase of MDA level in brain and in liver of mice suffered from CCl4- induced hepatitis with antioxydant activity stronger than that of mixed extract and extract prepared from the root. Dinh Lang had manifested liver protective effect in tetrachlorurcarbone –induced acute hepatitis. Antioxydant effect expressed in the inhibition against the processes of peroxydation of cell membrane can be one of the mechanism of liver protective effect of Dinh Lang
Antioxidants ; Araliaceae ; liver

Vietnamese ginseng leaves had the effect on the central nervous system, shortening pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in smaller doses and lengthening pentobarbital- induced sleeping time in larger doses. Vietnamese ginseng leaves extract (600, 1200mg/kg p.o) and its total saponin (200mg/kg p.o) significantly recovered the stress-induced decrease in pentobarbital sleep to the normal level. In the other hand, Vietnamese ginseng leaves extract and its total saponin have the invigoration and antioxidant effects
Plants, medicinal ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Panax

Both ethanol extracts of the bark and leaves of Schefflera elliptica (Blume) Harms (Araliaceae) showed antistress effect on mice at the oral doses of 158 and 167 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The bark proved to be more effective than the leaves, and their efficacity increased with the doses. Both extracts possessed in vitro antioxidant activity at the concentrations of 50-100 mcg/ml, the bark also being more effective than the leaves. The total saponin extract of the bark exhibited antioxidant effects at the levels of 5-25 mcg/ml. So, saponins might be the chemical constituents determining the antioxidant activity.
Plants ; Biochemistry ; Araliaceae ; Therapeutics

Background: Idiopathic or Immune Thrombocytopenic Pupura (ITP) is a common disease in Vietnamese children. This is a hemostatic disorder disease diagnosed by clinical symptoms combining with tests of platelet quantity in peripheral blood and other tests. Objectives: to study epidemiology, clinical, para-clinical characteristics and their relations in ITP disease. Subjects and methods: This was a prospective and retrospective study. The study included 579 pediatric patients from 3 months to 16 ages who were diagnosed and treated ITP disease in National Pediatric Hospital from 1/1/2003 to 12/31/2004. Results: Data were analyzed, including 191 infants from >3-<12 months (33.0%), 293 children from 1 - 10 ages (50.6%), 95 children >10-<16 ages (16.4%). The male/female ratio was highest in infants and decreased with age (P < 0.001). The disease occurred more in September, October and November with advantage factor being acute respiratory infection before 2 to 3 weeks. Subcutaneous hemorrhage ratio was highest with 557 cases (96.2%), intracranial hemorrhage happened in 7 cases (1.7%). There were differences among age groups about hemorrhage situation. Anemia level did not corresponding with the decrease of the platelet count. Conclusion: Characteristics of ITP depend on the number of platelet and age. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Purpura ; Thrombocytopenic ; Idiopathic/ epidemiology

Background: Rotavirus is the main cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old. In Viet Nam, about 50-70% hospitalized children with acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus. This indicated the importance of vaccination against diarrhea in Vietnam and researching on creating safe diarrhea vaccine for infants was a imperative. To achieve a good result of the research, it\u2019s necessary to understand the genetic characteristics of rotavirus.Objectives: To determine sequencing of VP4, VP7, NSP1, NSP4 genes of human rotavirus strain G4P6. Subjects and method: The research was performed on rotavirus samples (203pp16TK; 203pp27TK; 203pp30vero; 203pp37vero; 203pp38vero lot11; 203pp38TK lot12) by using ARN separation and RT-PCR methods. Results and Conclusion: We presented the results of sequencing of VP4, VP7, NSP1, NSP4 genes in some passages of human rotavirus strain G4P6 including their deduced amino acid sequence. The nucleotide mutants of VP7, NSP4 genes of passages are 2, 1 respectively. All the mutants result in amino acid changes. There was no mutation on VP4, NSP1 genes. The result confirmed that all passages of human rotavirus strain G4P6 had no contamination. They had similar degree respectively 89-93%, 85-97%, 81-93%, 92-95% with strains in the world.
Rotavirus/ pathogenicity

Background: Rotavirus is the main cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old. The virus leads to over 600000 children deaths a year in the world, 80% of which occur in the developing countries. In Viet Nam, 50%-70% the children\u2019s hospitalizations for acute diarrhea were resulted from rotavirus infection. Objective: To sequence nucleotides and amino acids of VP4, VP7, NSP1, and NSP4 genes of 5 passages of human rotavirus strain G1P8. Materials and method: A study was conducted in rotavirus sample of 5 passages of human rotavirus strain G1P8: B17A3; B17.3; B17.3 pp32vero15; B17.3 pp36TKP2; B17.3 pp43.7vero in Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United State. Methods: using NucliSen Kit for detection of ARN; RT-PCR; sequencing genes by ABI 3100 machine. Results and Conclusion: Sequencing nucleotides and amino acids of VP4, VP7, NSP1, and NSP4 genes of 5 passages of human rotavirus strain G1P8 showed that: the number of nucleotide mutations ofVP4, VP7, NSP4 genes occurring among the passages were 3 (at nucleotit 175, 419, 790), 1 (at nucleotit 644), 3 (at nucleotit 134, 254, 482), respectively. All these mutations resulted in changes in amino acid composition. No mutation was found in NSP1 gene.
Rotavirus ; Genes ; Nucleotides/ genetics ;

Background: Food-born bacteria can be present in raw materials or contaminated foods during process and storage. Shrimp paste is a popular food in Viet Nam, but there are no studies on the hygiene and safety of this food. Objectives: To identify the microbial contamination of commercial shrimp paste available in Ha Noi City. Materials and method: A total of 50 shrimp paste samples were collected randomly from markets around Ha Noi City. Enumeration and isolation methods were used to determine the microbial contamination in these samples. Results: 100% of the samples were contaminated with Clostridium perfringens and Candida albicans. 10% of samples were contaminated with Coliform. Other pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae were not found in shrimp paste samples. Conclusion: Evaluation of microbial contamination in popular foods such as shrimp paste should be done regularly to prevent food-born diseases in the community.
Microbial contamination ; Food safety.