Probiotic preparations of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) have been used by humans to treat and prevent the common forms of diarrhea caused by bacteria and virus, as well as other infections. To develop preparations of B. subtilis as an intranasal form, the authors studied the persistence and the antirhinopharyngitis of B. subtilis given nasally to mice. Substantial numbers of B. subtilis were still present in the nasopharynx 6 days after inoculation. The reduction in bacterial growth was similar to the positive controls. Also a reduced histopathological score was evident in corresponding with treating by ampicillin and prednisolone. Specifically, the authors obtained superior results in mice having administration of a dose of B. subtilis a day before inoculation of S. pneumoniae
Sinusitis ; Bacillus subtilis ; Therapeutics

Protein trace present in chitin/chitosan product has been determined by our proposed method in which protein trace included in chitin/chitosan was extracted by refraction in 10% NaOH solution at 100oC for 5 hours. Chitin/Chitosan precipitate was discarded. protein trace in the solution was restored by neutralizing with HCl 10N to get the yellow powder. This powder was then analyzed for total nitrogen content by Kjeldahl method. The control method was conducted at the same procedure excepted from the presence of 10% NaOH. The results of different chitin/chitosan samples obtained from these two methods showed that amount of protein trace obtained from above proposed method was somewhat higher than that of the control one. Besides, the purified chitosan sample gave the lower protein trace content than that of the technical chitosan sample as well as chitin one. Protein trace bound between macromolecules of chitin/chitosan was separated in the proposed method by boiling water under alkaline condition whereas it was not completely separated in the control method because sodium hydroxide was absent.
Chitin ; Chitosan ; Proteins

Biopolymeric membrane is made on the polysaccharide of natural origin according to our own technological process. It is a high bioactive, biocompatible, biodegradable polymeric membrane with effective action for treating wound healing. The preliminary results of clinical study suggested that the membrane were effectively used as biologic dressings for the treatment of donor sites of skin graft, partial thickness burns and granulation tissue. The wound surface after healing was smooth and flexible. The biopolymeric membrane is not only suitable for the treatment of burn wounds, but also it can applied for the skin surgery with excellent results.
burns ; therapeutics

The prevalence of Chlamydial infection in pregnant women was 8,1%. Pregnant women under 25 years old were at high risk for Chlamydial infection. Chlamydial infection was not associated with gestational age. There is no difference about the prevalence of Chlamydial infection between the rural and urban women. Oral amoxicillin had a efficacy of 82,2% after 1 stage and 86,4% after 2 stages of treatment. The result suggested that amoxicillin is a safe, well tolerated and effective for treatment of Chlamydia in pregnant women.
Chlamydiales ; Pregnant Women

Effects of artesunate in the combination of other antimalarial drugs (primaquine, mefloquine or chloroquine) on activities of some murine plasma enzymes were studied: (1) The combination of artesunate with primaquine induced significantly plasma activities of GOT, GPT, LDH, - HBDH, CK and CK- MB in comparison with artesunate alone; (2) The combination of artesunate with mefloquine also induced significantly plasma activities of GOT, GPT, LDH, -HBDH, CK and CK- MB in comparison with artesunate alone; (3) The companation of artesunate with chloroquine reduced slightly plasma activities of GOT, GPT, LDH, -HBDH, CK and CK-MB. The results obtained in the study suggest that the combination of artesunate with primaquine or mefloquine on murine cellular damage is synergistic, while the combination of artesunate with chloroquine is probably antagonistic
Malaria ; artesunate ; drug therapy ; therapeutics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Nasomucosa comprised mucosa, epithelia, columnar cells with transfer hair, microvillus cells, goblet cells, basal membrane and intestinal tissues. The nose has physiological and protective functions. IgA excreted by plasma cells in the mucosal intestinal membrane, neutralizes the soluble endotoxins of microbial, precipitates the microbial and fungus and prevent bacterial from nasomucosa. The low level IgA indicated that the nose is being suffered a disease. The nosedrops or aerosol must have fair pH
Immunity, Mucosal ; Mucous Membrane ; Immunoglobulin A

Five alkaloids, water extracted from Crinum latifolium L., Amaryllidaceae, growing in Vietnam -CE 21-211, CE 21-212, CE-21-213, CW 21-212 and CW 262 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities, The cytotoxic effect has been tested in vitro on the tumour cell lines Hep-g2, FI and RD. The alkaloids from leaves of harvested in March and April, demonstrated a significant cytotoxic response in all tumour cell lines examined. Among the alkaloids fractious evaluated, the CW 262 showed a very strong cytotoxic activity on Hep-g2, FI and RD.
Liliaceae ; Alkaloids ; Medicine, Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal

The coupling procedure of antimalarial agent (SR2) onto polymeric carrier (SR1) by covalent bond (amide linkage) was studied. Some factors of drug coupling reaction was investigated.
Antimalarials ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; drug therapy

The prevalence of Bacterial vaginitis in pregnant women was 7.8%. 42.6% women with Bacterial vaginitis are asymptomatic. Risks associated with Bacterial vaginitis include history of IUD use (OR: 3.41; 95% Cl: 1.65-6.99) and changing pads under three times a day (OR: 2.19; 95% Cl:1.07-4.45). Amoxicillin is effective for treatment of Bacterial vaginitis in pregnant women.
Vaginitis ; pregnant women

In this study, we reported the possibility to enhance the "in vitro" and "in vivo" generation and cell (nuclear, nucleolar) activation of human and mouse T-lymphocytes by using Crinum latifolium (L.) (Vietnam) hot aqueous extracts (1-8mg/ml). For this purpose human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were obtained and cultured in supplemented RPMI 1640 containing (1:3) a hot aqueous extract from Cirnum latifolium (L.) (Vietnam). Adherent and non adherent cells that represent stimulated/effectors T - cells were examined cytochemically and by the immunocyto chemical methods - for CD4+ and CD8+T - cell verification. The result obtained showed that this plant extract can efficiently stimulate human CD4+T cells in vitro. The same extract applied in vivo, using healthy Balb/c mice, has the capacity to induce lymphocytosis and a strong T - cell activation in the peripheral blood of experimental animals. Since some alkaloids like lycorine have been previously showed as active molecules in the hot aqueous extract of Crinum asisticum, we presume their and other biologically active substances capacity to induce in vitro and in vivo T-lymphocytes generation and T-cell blast transformation. The possible cellular - mechanisms of Crinum latifolium (L.) (Vietnam) hot aqueous extract simulative effects are discussed in relationships to T - cell immune mechanism in normal and pathological cases as neoplasias and leukaenmias.
Lymphocytes ; In Vitro ; Plants, Medicinal