The subjects consisted of 15 processing households and 150 processing direct employees. Intervention of “Health promotion at workplaces for processing village households” according to the guide-line of WHO was implemented. The study was firstly carried out in Tien Ngoai food processing village, Khac Niem commune, Bac Ninh province from 2002-2003. The results showed that the intervention was successful. Tien Ngoai village developed its down rule, in which there were regulation on environmental protection, occupational safety. The village also established a fund for these activities. Each household carried out at least 3 improvements of working and living conditions. Commune health station in cooperation with preventive medicine centers organized medical examination and consultation for handicraft employees. Improving awareness of employees on occupational safety and environmental protection were done in different ways.
Health ; Food

Shine and Lal’s discrimination functions MCV2 x MCH x 0.01 was tested for its utility in diagnosing thalassemia trait. A2 and F determination on all samples with MCV2x MCHx0.01<1530. A value of more than 1530 rules out beta thalassemia trait. Ferritin quantitation were done on all samples to detect iron deficiency anemia. We have collected 103 samples with MCV2x MCHx0.01<1530. In this study, this method detected 91 cases as beta thalassemia trait (95%), 8 cases as HbE heterozygote, 1 case as iron deficiency anemia and 3 cases as normal.
Thalassemia ; diagnosis

Study on the pathogens of septicemia in order to choose appropriately antibiotics in the treatment. Subjects were 138 septicemia patients admitted to Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases from June 2001 to May 2002. All patients were taken their blood samples to isolated and culture bacteria during they had high fevers or before taking antibiotics. Some pathogenous bacteria were isolated and identified in 20.3% patients. The most common species were S. aureus (accounted for 42.4%), followed by Enterobacteriaceae (28.8%)
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Therapeutics ; Sepsis

Absorbed DTP vaccines in the same Lot (produced by IVAC, Nha Trang) were kept at 4°C, -5 +/-10oC, -20°C on 2, 3 and 6 hours. After being thawed completely, the vaccine containers were vigorously shaken and the contents were examined for physical changes. The results showed that the containers kept at 4oC had no physical changes; the containers kept at -5 +/-10oC, 20°C for 6 hours had significant changes such as agglomeration, floccules or granular matter, and sedimented rapidly. It is suggested that structure of aluminum adjuvant in DTP vaccine is changed. The containers kept at -5 +/-10oC, -20°C for 6 hours can be considered as the positive control and the shaking test can be used to determine the previous freezing of adsorbed DTP vaccines.
Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine ; Freezing

Quality of RP5 pertussis vaccines for National Reference was tested and its potency was also calibrated in comparison with the International Standard of Pertussis Vaccine. The results showed that the candidate for National reference RP5 pertussis vaccine lot was met to the quality requirements after being freeze dried. The homogenicity in dry weight, residual moisture, potency and stability of its potency make it became as the first National Reference standard pertussis.
Pertussis Vaccine ; Vaccines

The study was performed in two children groups after 3 - 4 years receiving intradermal immunized BCG vaccine with the different doses of 0.05mg (216 children: group I) and 0.025mg (232 childern: group II) at some communes in Tu Son, Bac Ninh province and Thanh Tri district, Hanoi city. Results showed that the children malnutrition rate and tuberculosis exposure were the same and there was no statistically significance (P>0.05) in both groups. There were children with IDR (+), IDR > 15 mm, IgM, IgG and IgM antituberculosis, PCR (+) in the rate of children, delayed sensitivity reaction with tuberculin, the abnormal lung X-ray, IgG and IgM antibodies, and the rate of PCR (+). The rate of morbidity of tuberculosis in two children groups was the similar (0.46% and 0.43%, P=0.519). There was no case with meningitis and no statistical difference between two tuberculosis cases.
Tuberculosis ; Child ; BCG Vaccine ; Vaccination

Vnukovo-32 a cell culture rabies is used to study the vaccine strain technology of inactivated culture rabies vaccine production in primary hamster kidney cells. The master and working seeds meet the criteria of rabies vaccine strain titer (5.5 log LD 50 - 7.1 log LD 50/ml) according to WHO standard. During the study, we have used the procedure for inactivated, non concentrated rabies vaccine production of Russia and other countries procedures as references. The result was we constructed the procedure for inactivated, concentrated cell culture rabies vaccine production at laboratory scale.
Rabies Vaccines ; Cells, Laboratories

The investigation was performed on employees and workers who contact with chemicals at 9 institutions using various substances in the process of production of paint, rubber, shoe and wood articles in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Da Nang. Results showed that the current regulations were not complied preserve and use of chemical substance, without emergency equipments available for working staff and environment. A high rate of workers had not been educate on chemical safety and a high rate of work place and facilities had not guideline for using chemical substances.
Chemistry/manpower ; Paint ; Rubber ; Shoes ; Wood

138 cases with bacterial septicemia in Bach Mai Hospital were divided into two groups. The first group (n=51, 36.9%) was given single treatment (one antibiotic). The second group (n=87, 63.1%) was given combination treatment (two antibiotics). Due to the rate of cultured negative blood is high (about 70%), so the rate of initial treatment using antibiotic combination (63%) is higher than single antibiotic treatment (37%). Antibiotic groups used in combination treatment is aminosid antibiotics, in which amikacin is selected the most (27/37 cases, 72.9%). Third generation cephalosporin group makes the highest rate in single treatment (49%) as well as in combination treatment (58.7%). Quinolones, pefloxacin group used almost as initial method (single as well as in combination)
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Therapeutics

The previous study detected 15/18 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma expressing p53 positive immunostaining: 7/8 cases with p53 mutation and 8/10 cases without p53 mutation. In this study, immunohistochemical staining showed mdm2 overexpresion in 7/18 cases, combined p53/mdm2 overexpression in 6/18 cases, mdm2 overexpression in 5/8 p53-positive without mutation cases. These results indicated that p53 overexpression can be associated with p53 gene mutation, as well as mdm2 overexpression in the oral carcinogenensis
Mouth Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Genes, p53 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2