This was the cross-sectional epidemiological survey of a general population sample of 2001 men and women whose age >35 years old living in the Khuong Mai precinct, Thanh Xuan district, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Data on respiratory symptoms, diseases, and risk factors were collected through standardized interview questionnaires. Lung function tests were performed using spirometer analyser ST 300, Japan. Subjects whose FEV1NC value was <70% underwent a bronchodilator test with inhalation of 400mcg of Salbutamol. Results. The prevalence of COPD was 1.53%, 4.15% in smokers, 3.47 in ex-smokers, 0.39 % in non-smokers. The prevalence was 2.73% in men and 0.36% in women. The prevalence of COPD was significantly higher in the male group as smoking habit and tobacco consumption was greater. There was no previous diagnosis of COPD in 94.1 % of cases. 64.7% with mild COPD, 17.6 % of patients with moderate COPD and 17.6% of patients with severe COPD. The prevalence of stage 0 of COPD was 3.9%.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Epidemiologic Studies, Vietnam

Objective To characterize viral co-infections among representative hospitalized measles cases during the 2014 Hanoi outbreak. Methods Throat swabs were collected from 54 pediatric patients with confirmed measles, and molecular diagnostics performed for 10 additional viral respiratory pathogens (Influenza A/H1N1pdm09; A/H3N2 and influenza B; Parainfluenza 1, 2, 3; Respiratory Synctial Virus, RSV; human Metapneumovirus, hMPV; Adenovirus and Picornavirus). Results Twenty-one cases (38.9%) showed evidence of infection with other respiratory viruses: 15 samples contained measles plus one additional virus, and 6 samples contained measles plus 2 additional viruses. Adenovirus was detected as a predominant cause of co-infections (13 cases; 24.1%), followed by RSV (6 cases; 11.1%), A/H1N1pdm09 (3 cases; 5.6%), PIV3 (3 cases; 3.7%), Rhinovirus (3 cases; 3.7%) and hMPV (1 case; 1.96%). Conclusions Viral co-infections identified from pediatric measles cases may have contributed to increased disease severity and high rate of fatal outcomes. Optimal treatment of measles cases may require control of multiple viral respiratory pathogens.