In Vinh Bao district, Hai Phong city in the year 2001, 825 female subjects aged 18-35 years old with first pregnancy or one child, without abortion or immature delivery, were divided into 2 groups according to BMI (For CED group: BMI < 18.5 and normal group: BMI  18.5). The prevalence of chronical energy deficit (CED) before pregnancy was 29%, among them, 1st grade CED 21.2%, 2nd grade 6.3%, 3rd grade 1.5%. The prevalence of common diseases (cough, fever, headache, diarrhoea…) in CED - 40.2%, higher than normal group - 26.3%. In general, for both two groups, morbidity reduced progressively in the course of pregnancy: the prevalence was 18.6% in the first trimestre, 8.8% in the second trimestre and 8.4% in the terminal 3rd trimestre. Considering body weight, in the first trimestre the weight gained by 0.48kg (CED group: 1.19lg, normal group 0.19kg), in 2nd trimestre, the weight gained 2.46kg (CED group 2.91kg, normal group 2.28kg), in the last 3rd trimestre 4.08kg (CED group 4.28kg, normal group 4.0kg).
Nutritional Status ; Morbidity ; Body Weight ; Pregnant Women

Weight in average was 2911.4g (group of mothers with CED): 2905.6g; group of mothers without CED: 2913.8g, (boys: 2961g; girl: 2856g). Low birth weight rate was 11.6% (CED: 9.6%; normal: 12.4%); (boys: 10.4%; girls: 12.8%). Length of newborn babies in average was 48.3 cm (CED: 48.2 cm; normal: 48.4 cm), (boys: 48.6 cm; girls: 48 cm). Only 2.1% of newborn babies had length at birth lower 45 cm, nearly 98% had length at birth  45cm. Height of mother < 150 cm before pregnancy was high ralative risk to weight and length at birth of newborn babies.
Risk Factors ; Mothers ; Child ; Infant, Newborn ; Body Weight ; Body Height

Subjects of this study were pregnant/nursing women aged from 15 to 49 years. Settings: 11 communes involved in Kim S¬n district (Ninh B×nh province), B×nh Lôc district (Hµ Nam province) and VÜnh B¶o district (H¶i Phßng City). 50 women were selected randomly from each commune. The results showed that there was difference between knowledge and practice in care and diet of pregnant women. All of subjects knew that they need to eat more during pregnant period, but in the fact they eat same or little than normal. There was not difference between concept and practice for restricted diet. Most of them knew that there is a relationship between pre-pregnant weight of mother and neonatal weight and improving the nutrition during pregnancy can help the fetus growing well.
Delivery of Health Care ; Pregnant Women ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Low Birth Weight

Study on 825 pregnant women at Vinh Bao district – Hai Phong city in 2001 showed that: the practice of reproductive health of two groups of mothers ( Chronic Energy Deficiency (CDE) and nomal) was relatively good. Lack of nutrition status and anthropemetric indicators, especially height of mother were improved. The rate of CDE of woman before pregnancy was 29% (CDE: degree I: 21.2%; CDE degree II: 6,3%; CDE degree III: 1.5%). Weight in average: 44.96kg, height in avarage: 153.2cm. Weight gain were improved, weight in CDE group was higher than nomal group but lower than recommendation.
Nutritional Status ; Nutrition Surveys ; Pregnancy ; Weight Gain ; Morbidity

The study on the maternal risk factors affect to weight and height of their newborns among 813 newborns at Vinh Bao district, Hai phong city in 2001. Among these babies, 94 had low birth weight (<2500g), 719 with normal weight (>2500g). The results showed that mother’s height under 150 cm was highest risk factor related to weight and length of newborns, followed by mother’s weight under 45kg, mother’s head round under 54cm and placental weight under 500g. BMI of mother under 18.5 and weight increased less than 1 kg in first trimester only affected to the length of newborn babies
Risk Factors ; Infant, Newborn ; Birth Weight ; Body Height

This article describes Viet Nam Ministry of Health’s (VMoH) activities to prepare for and respond to the threat Zika virus (ZIKV), including the adaptation of existing surveillance systems to encompass ZIKV surveillance.

Melanogenesis is the production of melanin from tyrosine by a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, in which tyrosinase and DOPA oxidase play key roles. The melanin content in the skin determines skin pigmentation. Abnormalities in skin pigmentation lead to various skin pigmentation disorders. Recent research has shown that the expression of EMP2 is much lower in melanoma than in normal melanocytes, but its role in melanogenesis has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the role of EMP2 in the melanogenesis of MNT1 human melanoma cells. We examined TRP-1, TRP-2, and TYR expression levels during melanogenesis in MNT1 melanoma cells by gene silencing of EMP2. Western blot and RT-PCR results confirmed that the expression levels of TYR and TRP-2 were decreased when EMP2 expression was knocked down by EMP2 siRNA in MNT1 cells, and these changes were reversed when EMP2 was overexpressed. We verified the EMP2 gene was knocked out of the cell line (EMP2 CRISPR/Cas9) by using a CRISPR/Cas9 system and found that the expression levels of TRP-2 and TYR were significantly lower in the EMP2 CRISPR/Cas9 cell lines. Loss of EMP2 also reduced migration and invasion of MNT1 melanoma cells. In addition, the melanosome transfer from the melanocytes to keratinocytes in the EMP2 KO cells cocultured with keratinocytes was reduced compared to the cells in the control coculture group. In conclusion, these results suggest that EMP2 is involved in melanogenesis via the regulation of TRP-2 expression.

Aims: To isolate and characterize the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains from the “mam chua ca ro” (sour fermented fish) in the South of Vietnam and investigate their potential anti-bacterial properties. Methodology and results: Four LAB strains (MCR1, MCR2, MCR3 and MCR4) were isolated from the "mam chua ca ro" product and their anti-bacterial activity was determined using the spot assay and the paper disc diffusion method. The isolated LABs can inhibit Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphyloccocus aureus ATCC 25923 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus BV016 and produce bacteriocin to control the growth of E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, except V. parahaemolyticus. MCR2 was chosen to sequence 16S rRNA of Pediococcus acidilactic. Conclusion, significance and impact of study On the basis of their prominent anti-pathogenic bacteria activity, LAB strains isolated from Vietnamese sour-fermented fish products were verified as prospective probiotics.
Lactobacillales--isolation & ; purification ; Pediococcus acidilactici