Background: Large lymph-node is clinically common sign. However, in some cases, it is difficult to diagnosis by staining method routinely. Objectives: To classify of lymph node lesions by histopathological and immunohistochemical study. Subjects and methods: 1860 cases carried out lymph node biopsies at K Hospital were histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed. Results: The most common lesions were lymph node metastasis (35.25%) chronic lymphnoditis (20.82%), tuberculous lymphnoditis (19.42%) and non Hodgkin lymphoma (18.62%). Histological typing of metastasis revealed that the most frequent types were undifferentiated carcinomas (28.13%), squamous carcinomas (23.7%), adenocarcinomas (16.97%) and type-unspecified carcinomas (13.3%). Non Hodgkin lymphoma rate was higher than that of Hodgkin lymphoma (86.06% versus 12.8%). Immunopheotype of non Hodgkin lymphomas showed that 79.71 % were B cell type, 18.15% were T cell type and 2.14% were Ki-1 type. The most common types of B cell lymphomas were diffuse large B cell lymphomas (35.57%), follicular lymphomas (25.9%) and diffuse small B cell lymphomas (13.83%), The most common types of T cell lymphomas were lymphoblastic T cell lymphomas (41.8%)., large T cell lymphomas (23.53%) and unspecified periphery T cell lymphomas (11.76%). Conclusion: Immunohistochemical analysis of metastasis allowed identifying immunophenotypes of different types of metastatic carcinoma and melanoma and evaluating the origin of unknown primary metastasis. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphoma

Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a malignant (cancerous) growth of B or T white blood cells (lymphocytes) in the lymph system. Many lymphoma classifications were proposed. All were based by groups of the original cells, histopathological appearances and clinical features. Purpose: Histological classification of lymph node malignant non - \r\n", u'Hodgkin lymphoma based on the new WHO 2001 classification. Objectives: To apply new WHO 2001 classification of 165 cases of malignant non Hodgkin lymphoma were histopathologically and immunohisto chemically studied at K hospital in Hanoi. Subjects and method: The study included 165 patients with malignant non Hodgkin lymphoma were examined and treated at K hospital in Hanoi from 2000 to 2003. Results: The study based on new WHO 2001 classification of 165 cases of malignant non Hodgkin lymphoma showed results B lymphoma: Diffuse large B - cell lymphoma accounts for 63.3%, follicular lymphoma: 17.5%, small lymphocytic lymphoma: 12.5%, mantle cell lymphoma: 1.7% and the others are at low rate. T lymphoma: large T-cell lymphoma accounts for 35.0%, T lymphoblastic lymphoma: 30.0%, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: 12.5%, peripheral T- cell lymphoma, unspecified: 10.0%, the others are at low rate. Conclusion: We concluded that new WHO classification of malignant non Hodgkin is reproducible in our practice and should be useful in the treatment decision. \r\n', u'
Lymphoma ; Non-Hodgkin/ pathology ; epidemiology Neoplasms by Histologic Type

OBJECTIVES: The average alcohol consumption per capita among Vietnamese adults has consistently increased. Although alcohol-related disorders have been extensively studied, there is a paucity of research shedding light on this issue among Internet users. The study aimed to examine the severity of alcohol-related disorders and other associated factors that might predispose individuals towards alcohol usage in a sample of youths recruited online. METHODS: An online cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,080 Vietnamese youths. A standardized questionnaire was used. Respondent-driven sampling was applied to recruit participants. Multivariate logistic and Tobit regressions were utilized to identify the associated factors. RESULTS: About 59.5% of the males and 12.7% of the total youths declared that they were actively using alcohol. From the total sample, a cumulative total of 32.3% of the participants were drinking alcohol, with 21.8% and 25.0% of the participants being classified as drinking hazardously and binge drinkers, respectively. The majority of the participants (60.7%) were in the pre-contemplative stage. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of hazardous drinking was recognized among online Vietnamese youths. In addition, we found relationships between alcohol use disorder and other addictive disorders, such as tobacco smoking and water-pipe usage. Our results highlighted that the majority of the individuals are not receptive to the idea of changing their alcohol habits, and this would imply that there ought to be more government effort towards the implementation of effective alcohol control policies.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcohol-Related Disorders ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drinking ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors* ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires* ; Vietnam

OBJECTIVETo ascertain the extent of under-utilization and insufficiency or inappropriateness in provision of health services as one of the possible causes of high mortality from pediatric pneumonia in pilot areas in Vietnam.

METHODThe household survey on morbidity and treatment of acute respiratory infections, simple cough, and cold and pneumonia, was conducted in two communities with 10% sampling of the child population.

RESULTSBoth under-treatment of "fast breathing", a proxy for pneumonia, and over-treatment of simple cough and cold with antimicrobials by health workers, mothers, and private practitioners were common.

CONCLUSIONSA household survey on morbidity and treatment was found to be useful to clarify actual practices in the treatment of acute respiratory infections in the community, which cannot be obtained by mere interview with health workers or mothers. Since a change of knowledge did not automatically lead to change of practice, the training of health workers, health education of mothers and provision of antimicrobials at village health stations would not guarantee improved practice of health workers and mothers. Therefore, constant supervision for health workers, continued health education of mothers and involvement of private practitioners are needed to improve the situation.

A population-based cohort study on pediatric infectious diseases was established at Khanh Hoa Province, central Vietnam in 2006, to determine the etiology and risk factors for severe pediatric infectious diseases (SPID) such as acute respiratory infection (ARI), diarrhea and dengue which are the major causes of under 5 mortality. A population census survey was conducted in Nha-Trang and Ninh-Hoa to collect demographic, social-behavioral data and disease burden on SPID. The study site covered a population of 353,525 residing in 75,826 households with 24,781 children less than 5 years. Hospital databases from two hospitals covering the region were obtained. Linking the census and hospital databases, we were able to investigate on a variety of SPID such as environmental tobacco smoking exposure and increased risked of pediatric pneumonia hospitalization, population density, water supply and risk of dengue fever and animal livestock and risk of hospitalized diarrhea. To determine incidence, viral etiology and risk factors for pediatric ARI/pneumonia, we setup a population based prospective hospitalized Pediatric ARI surveillance at Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Nha-Trang in February 2007. The study has revealed RSV, rhinovirus and influenza A as major viral pathogens, role of multiple viral infection and its interaction with bacteria in the development of pneumonia. In addition, we are also conducting a birth cohort study to investigate the incidence of congenital infection and its impact on physical-neurological development, and role of host genetic polymorphism on SPID hospitalization in Vietnam. Population mobility, high cost of regular census update and low mortality are the challenges.

A population-based cohort study on pediatric infectious diseases was established at Khanh Hoa Province, central Vietnam in 2006, to determine the etiology and risk factors for severe pediatric infectious diseases (SPID) such as acute respiratory infection (ARI), diarrhea and dengue which are the major causes of under 5 mortality. A population census survey was conducted in Nha-Trang and Ninh-Hoa to collect demographic, social-behavioral data and disease burden on SPID. The study site covered a population of 353,525 residing in 75,826 households with 24,781 children less than 5 years. Hospital databases from two hospitals covering the region were obtained. Linking the census and hospital databases, we were able to investigate on a variety of SPID such as environmental tobacco smoking exposure and increased risked of pediatric pneumonia hospitalization, population density, water supply and risk of dengue fever and animal livestock and risk of hospitalized diarrhea. To determine incidence, viral etiology and risk factors for pediatric ARI/pneumonia, we setup a population based prospective hospitalized Pediatric ARI surveillance at Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Nha-Trang in February 2007. The study has revealed RSV, rhinovirus and influenza A as major viral pathogens, role of multiple viral infection and its interaction with bacteria in the development of pneumonia. In addition, we are also conducting a birth cohort study to investigate the incidence of congenital infection and its impact on physical-neurological development, and role of host genetic polymorphism on SPID hospitalization in Vietnam. Population mobility, high cost of regular census update and low mortality are the challenges.

BACKGROUND: In order to provide essential scientific evidence on the population's health status and social health determinants as well as the current capacity of the health care system in Vietnam to health policy makers and managers, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, and Ho Chi Minh University of Medicine and Pharmacy collaborated with Seoul National University (Korea) and conducted a health system survey in the Quoc Oai district (of Hanoi capital) that represented northern rural Vietnam. METHODS: The study design was a cross-sectional study. The survey covered different topics (more than 200 questions) and was administered in three separate questionnaires: 1) Basic information of all household members; 2) Household characteristics; and 3) Individual characteristics. Socio-demographic characteristics among the households and individuals were collected from 2,400 households sampled by multi-stage cluster sampling method: more than 200 questions. RESULTS: The household size of Quoc Oai was larger than the national average and there was no significant difference in gender composition. In addition, the proportions of pre-elderly, age 55–64, and elderly group (65 years old and over) were higher than the national population statistics. In this context, demographic transition has begun in Quoc Oai. CONCLUSION: This study design description provides the basic information about a baseline survey of a future prospective cohort (as a part of a collaborative project on strengthening the health system in Vietnam) to the prospective data user of this survey.
Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delivery of Health Care ; Family Characteristics ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Methods ; Pharmacy ; Population Characteristics ; Population Dynamics ; Prospective Studies ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vietnam