From December 2000 to March 2003, at Huu Nghi Hospital, 85 patients with tracheal intubation were studied. There was no statistically statistic significances between 2 groups (of success and of failure) concerning the age, predicted body mass, the duration of mechanical ventilation. The causes of respiratory deficiencies needing mechanical ventilation were: infections, cerebral infarctus, cerebral hemorrhagy, acute left heart failure, acute myocardiac infarctus, diabetes. CROP diagnostic value of weaning from mechanical vetilation was higher in success group than in failure group. Threshold value of CROP index  13 (ml/breathing rythm/minute) had got a sensitivity of 0.65, specificity 0.89, predicted positive value 0.84, negative 0.74, under curb surface ROC = 0.875.
Ventilation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Body Mass Index ; Age Factors

99 patients aged 15 – 87 years old were hospitalized at Bach Mai Hospital from June 1998 to Feb.2003, among them 51 cases were diagnosed as sufferring from diabetes and in 48 other, diabetes were still not diagnosed. At admission, average blood level of glucose 18,97+/_8,1 mmol. In 35-50% of studied cases, plasma osmolarity >300 mOsmol/kg H2O during monitored time. There was no statistically significant difference between various groups in the variation of glucose plasma level .In 10-20% of cases, there was an increase of 145 mmol/l of natrium in plasma
Hyperglycemia ; Osmolar Concentration ; Plasma ; Electrolytes ; Emergencies

Insuline therapy was used on 99 over-15 years old patients of newly diagnosed diabetes first in internal emergency Department at Bach Mai Hospital from June1998 to Feb.2003 Subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included persons of the signs of high blood glucose level without diabetes; group 2 included patients sufferred from diabetes without confirmed diagnosis. In >92% of cases of group 1 and 74% of group 2, insuline therapy had effectiveness to control blood glucose level <11mmol from the 7th day of treatment and after the 7th day in >62% of group 1 and <36% of group 2. There was no complication of hypoglycemia
Insulin ; Therapeutics ; Hyperglycemia

Study on 686 eyes randomly chosen from 1,816 operated eyes with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation at commune health stations and district health centres in Quang Nam provinces and Da Nang city since June 1999 to June 2001. All of patients have had a post-operative duration more than two years. 376 eyes experienced posterior capsule opaciffication (PCO), accounted for 54.8%. 179 eyes (26.1%) should be treated by laser Nd: YAG. PCO was classified into 4 degrees, and PCO with low vision, that could have good prognosis, was indicated laser treatment and then was treated immediately in local healthcare offices. All patients treated by laser were followed up was after one hour, one day, one week, one month and three months for evaluating the outcomes. Surgical complications and young age were positive correlated with the rate and severity of PCO.
captulotomy

Sliding scale insulin was often applied for emergency patients. However there is no study on this therapy in Viet Nam. We used this therapy for 51 new onset hyperglycemic patients (glycemia > 200 mg/dl ) from 6/1998 to 2/2003. Regular insulin was injected when blood glucose>200 mg/dl, then blood glucose level was monitored by finger stick sugar Q4h. If glucose 200-300mg/dl, given 5IU of insulin, glucose>300 mg/dl, given 10 U.The goal blood glucose < 200mg/dl. Results: The average time to lower the blood glucose level to the target level was about 46h. The result after 7 days showed that glycemia was controlled < 200mg/dl and <150 mg/dl in 92% and 62% patientss, respectively.There was no severe hypoglycemia documented during the study.
Insulin ; Therapeutics ; Hyperglycemia ; Stress

Nitration of isatin gives 5-nitroisatin (I). On boiling (I) with 5% formaldehyde solution for short periods of time, a compound was isolated which has been characterized as N-hydroxymethyl-5-nitroisatin (II). By the condensation of I (and II) with various H2N-B compounds, 17 derivatives (III-XIX) were formed. The structures of the obtained products were characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were tested for biological activities such as antibacterial activity on 9 strains of bacteria
isatinecic acid ; analogs & derivatives

Study on 22 nonketonic hyperosmolar coma patients (13 males and 9 females) at the B¹ch Mai hospital during the period from 6/98 to 5/99. Patients were followed a volume replacement protocol using a normal saline during 3 first hours and a half - strength saline solution after that until the plasma osmolatty restores a preset value ((320 mOsmol/kg). Results shown that 17 patients (77%) were treated successfully and discharged. 5 deaths (23%) were seen in study: 1 patient died within the first 12 hours, when he had been presenting an uncontrolled hyperosmolar condition; 4 others died from different causes (such as septic shock, cerebral infarction...). Conclusion: fluid challenge with normal saline and half - strength saline solutions in our study shown a high efficiency in management of nonketotic hyperosmolar coma of NIDDM and did not evoke any serious complications
Coma ; therapeutics

Nitration of furfural gave 5-nitro furfural diacetat (NFD). By the condensation of NFD with imidazolidin -2,4-dion, derivative I was formed. Compound I underwent Mannich reaction and gave II-V with formaldehyd (36% aqueous solution) and various amines. The structure of synthesized compounds were characterized by UV and IR. The obtained products were tested for biological activities such as antibacterial and antifungal. All synthesized compounds showed a high antibacterial activity on 8 strains of bacteria and a high antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Among these, derivative I showed the highest activity.
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents

Nitration of furfural to give 5-nitrofurfural diacetate (NFD). By the condensation of NFD with 2-butanone (or acethylacetone), two cetone a, b-ethylenic deriva-tives (I,II) were formed. Condensation of furfural with acetone to give (XII). Condensation of I (or II or XII) with various H2N-B compounds to give 15 derivatives (III-XI, XIII- XVIII). The structure of the obtained products were characterized by elemental analysis and IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.The synthesized compounds were tested for biological ethylenic activities such as antibacterial and antifungal. Among these, two cetone a, b-ethylenic derivatives of 5-nitrofurfural (I,II) showed a high antibacterial activity on 10 strains of bacteria and a high antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
Chemical synthesis ; Physiological Effects of Drugs ; Furaldehyde ; Analogs & derivatives

Purpose of this study was to measure the serum insulin level in 23 newly diagnosed type II diabetics during acute stress. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on the criteria recommended by WHO in 1986 and the serum fructosamine level more than 290 mol/L. Method: Patients were measured the insulin level on venous blood samples by ELISA method with Roche’s reagent and ES-33 apparatus. Turner’s equation was applied to evaluate the relationship between serum insulin and glucose level and to assess the insulin resistance (reference range is 0-30 and a value >50 was considered the insulin resistance). Result: The mean serum insulin level of the studied patients was 35.55.5 U/mL, with the values ranged from 5.97 to 131.34 U/mL. Out of 23 patients, only 3 (13%) had serum insulin levels in a normal range (i.e. in a reference interval of 3.68-7.67U/mL). 20 patients (83%) had higher insulin levels than reference. Assessing the insulin resistance by Turner’s equation showed that only 2 of 23 patients (8.6%) had a normal ratio (i.e. less than 50), almost patients in this study (21/23; 91.4%) were more than 50 in ratio, suggested an evident insulin resistance. Especially, 10/23 patients (43.8%) reached a value of more than 100, indicated the severe hyperinsulinemia. Conclusion: 83% of our patients with newly diagnosed type II diabetes showed the hyperinsulinemia during acute stress. Almost these patients (more than 90%) presented the strong evidence of insulin resistance.
Insulin ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Serum ; Emergency Medical Services