The study included 109 patients (mean age: 28, 52 males and 57 females) having 186 eyes with corticoid-related glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy between Nov 11 to Jan 2004. The results: preoperate average intraocular pressure was 35.5mmHg. 34% patients have low vision acuity (< 3/10). Most of patients were indicated surgery had dramatic damage in vision field. Rate of decreasing intraoccular pressure during follow-up period met requirements, average intraoccular pressure was under 21mmHg. There were not any complication during surgery. Bleeding during conjunctive and sclera resection were common and treated by stop bleeding. Postoperative complications as hyphaema, flat anterior chamber, choroidal detachment, incision fistula occurred with high rate
Glaucoma ; Trabeculectomy ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones

51 patients with primary liver cell cancer determined by pathological anatomy or with liver tumors determined by ultrasound or CT image and AFP > 500ng/ml were investigated. Triphasic helical CT had detected diffused infiltration on 5 patients, multitumor on 20 and single tumor on 26 patients. On 46 patients with localized damage, there were 121 tumors sized 0.9-12.0 cm. Necrosis was common in > 5 cm tumors with a rate of 53.1%, but 21.5% if its size was not considered. Triphasic helical CT technique had reflexed the hemodynamic nature of the liver parenchyma and the primary liver cancer, therefore it gave prospective information helping the diagnosis and the decision of the treatment strategy.
Liver Neoplasms ; Neoplasms ; liver ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A retrospective study of 200 Kovacs has been applied in 2nd trimester abortion in 1997 and other 200 by MSP in 1998. -MSP could be efficacy in 2nd trimester abortion as Kovacs.-In first 48h, the natural abortion by MSP and Kovacs is the same.-The propotion of MSP abortion is higher than Kovacs, hospitalized stay length of MSP is shorter than Kovacs.-No infection in MSP trials
Misoprostol ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy ; Abortion, Induced

Investigative and test 588 workers of 9 stone exploit and process companies in Binh Dinh finding out and define 19 of them (occupy 3,23%) get silico-pneumocosiosis main 1/10p type. Most of those workers were young, seniority low (6-20 years). People who working less than 5 years haven’t silico-pneumocosiosis. They were given CT-2002 muffler which according to standard of technical target. Filter performance get 85-87% with output 30l/minute. When ventilate output increase to 95l/minute. Performance reduce to 44-46,9%
Pneumoconiosis ; Occupational Medicine ; Occupational Health

Background: Previously, most studies evaluating nutritional status in Vietnam are based on the weight, height indexes or body mass index (BMI). Recently, Ha Huy Tue and his colleagues conducted a study to evaluate body composition in adults in both rural and urban\r\n', u'Objectives: To evaluate nutritional status and body composition and analyze the roleof BMI and percentage body fat (% BF) in determining the status of overweight and obesity\r\n', u'Subjects and method: A cross \u2013sectional study was carried out in 2.671 pupils (male/female: 50.6%/49.4%) aged 11-14 years old of 6 secondary schools in Hanam province Binh Luc district. BMI and %BF are the two indicators used for analyzing. \r\n', u'Results: The prevalence of subjects with BMI\ufffd?5th percentile was less than 1% for both males and females. Mean %BF ranged from 17.4-18.3% and from 13.9-20.2% for males and females, respectively. One unit of BMI corresponds to a large range of %BF. %BF has a goof sensitivity to detect high body fat in males; %BF can be a indicator to identify early overweight and obesity in pupils.\r\n', u'Conclusion: Proportion of overweight and obesity in 11-14 year-old schoolchildren of Binh Luc district, Ha Nam province is low. Therefore, obesity is not significant issue for the public health in the local. % BF can be used for the prevention of overweight, obesity in the community, especially the schoolchildren.\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Nutritional Status ; Body Composition ; Child ;

Introduction: Hepatitis C is a dangerous disease and if left untreated can have serious consequences to the patients. While hepatitis C is difficult to treat, its vaccine is still unavailable. Previous studies have showed that there is a low rate of drug users having HCV tests. This means HCV infections does not have any great importance attached to it amongst the drug user group.\r\n', u'Objectives: To discover the status of HCV infection among drug users in Hanoi and to analyse the associated factors. \r\n', u'Subjects and methods: This crossover descriptive study was conducted in Hanoi. Research objects consisted of only men within the 16 - 25 years old age group, who used heroin from 09/2005 to 12/2006. These participants were interviewed and tested for HIV, HCV and HBV.\r\n', u'Results: HCV prevalence is 35.1 %. Especially, the research has indicated that 100% of HIV infected cases have also contracted HCV. This co - infectious status can be a challenge to subjects when they experience ARV treatment. The mean age of surveyed participants is 19. 83.6% of them have attended secondary school. 30.1 % have taken part in illegal earning activities. \r\n', u'Conclusion: HCV infection was discovered in the early drug injection stage. The proportion of HIV infection among injecting drug users is 28.24 times compared to the smoking drug users.\r\n', u'
HeV ; HIV ; Injecting drug user

Background: Mental retardation is a common pathological state in children, accounting for about 1 - 3%. Children with mental retardation should have a life of integrity and proper support. The discovery and assessment the children will help us to orient the education, assistance and early intervention for them at each location. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of mental retardation (MR) among children in some quarters and communes of Hue city and the degrees of mental retardation in these children. Subjects and method: Screening by WHO questionnaire \u201cTen Question screen for disability\ufffd?and learning results (if possible) of children from 6 to under 16 years old in 5 quarters (urban) and 2 communes (rural) randomly selected in Hue. Diagnostics and evaluations are based on the criteria of ICD \ufffd?10. Results: The prevalence of MR in this study was 0.94% (95%CI = 0.82 \ufffd?1.07), 1.18% in rural area and 0.84% in urban area; 1.16% among boys and 0.70% among girls. Mild MR accounts for 62.67% moderate: 19.36%, severe: 11.52% and profound: 6.45%. Conclusion: The prevalence was statistically significant higher in rural area than in urban area and in boys than in girls. There were predominant percentages of severe and profound MR.
Mental Retardation/ epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Children ;

Objective: To determine the new M-superfamily conotoxins from molluscivorous snail Conus bandanus in Vietnam. Methods: Conus bandanus venom was fractionated and purified on HPLC system with an analytical reversed-phase C18 column in order to screen small conotoxins. The primary structure of peptide was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight tandem mass spectrometry using collision-induced dissociation and confirmed by Edman's degradation method. Results: Five new conotoxins were biochemically characterized from the crude venom of the mollusk-hunting cone snail Conus bandanus, which were collected at Ke Ga reef of the Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam). Each conotoxin had 15 or 16 amino acid residues and shared the same characteristic cysteine framework V as -CC-C-C-CC-. They were termed as Bn3b, Bn3c, Bn3d, Bn3e and Bn3f following the conotoxins nomenclature. Conclusions: The conotoxins Bn3b, Bn3e, and Bn3f are categorized in the mini-M conotoxins of the M1 branch, while conotoxins Bn3c and Bn3d are categorized in the mini-M conotoxins of the M2 branch. The homological analysis reveals that these conotoxins could serve as promising probe compounds for voltage-gated sodium channels.

Background: Shigella-induced diarrhea has been considered a major health problem leading to high morbidity and mortality. This disease can lead to dire consequences; however, the true burden of the disease, including the costs and sequalae associated with shigellosis is not yet known. Objectives: (1) To describe the health seeking behavior and the way of payment of population when suffering Shigella; (2) To identify and analyze the direct household costs associated with the treatment of diarrhea due to Shigella. Subjects and method: 290 patients of all ages with positive Shigella diarrhea admitted to public health facilities in Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa province in the period from August 2002 to January 2004 were included in the study. The subjects were divided into three age groups, the first 0-5, second 5-18 and the last one was over 18 years old. Patients and their relatives were interviewed at three stages - day 7, day 14 and day 90 - to obtain all the required information. Results: 134 of 290 patients (47%) paid for using the other health care services before admission to the study\u2019s facilities. The average direct cost per episode for the patients at group aged 0-5 was 129,000 VND, group aged 6-18 was 59,267 VND and over 18 years old was 173,531 VND; it was 131.960 VND for three groups. Comparison with the average household expenditure for health care, it was higher in the poorer group and it was lower three times than the richest group. The average direct medical cost per episode was higher the average direct non-medical cost per episode for all groups. Conclusions: The average direct cost per episode of Shigellosis treatment was rather high especially the average direct cost for the treatment at the health facility. It was also high compared with the average expenditure for health per capita so that it becomes large economic burden for households.
Direct cost ; Shigella ; treatment

Four Trichoderma strains (CH2, SH16, PQ34, and TN42) were isolated from soil samples collected from Quang Tri and Thua Thien Hue provinces in Vietnam. The strains exhibited high chitinolytic secretion. Strain PQ34 formed the largest zone of chitinase-mediated clearance (> 4 cm in diameter) in agar containing 1% (w/v) colloidal chitin. Analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions of these strains indicated that they were Trichoderma asperellum. The molecular weights of the chitinases were approximately 42 kDa. Chitinase genes (chi42) of T. asperellum strains TN42, CH2, SH16, and PQ34 were 98~99% homologous to the ech42 gene of T. harzianum CB-Pin-01 (accession No. DQ166036). The deduced amino acid sequences of both T. asperellum strains SH16 and TN42 shared 100% similarity.
Agar ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Chitin ; Chitinase ; Colloids ; Molecular Weight ; Soil ; Sprains and Strains ; Trichoderma ; Vietnam