Protease is responsible for many physiological functions and can act as growth factor for both malignant and normal cells in the processes of the cell division and DNA biosynthesis. There was clear relation between metastatic tumors and protease. The protease inhibitors found in the natural environment or synthesized but both have not been used in the treatment of human cancer. Currently, the protease inhibitors are studying thoroughly on their mechanism, action and application in the anti-cancer.
Protease Inhibitors ; neoplasms ; therapeutics

Review of the process basing on DNA showed that the DNA metylation occurs highly and suddenly increase of the gene number during change from convertebrate animal to vertebrate animal. So DNA metylation Þ is considered as a basic of this evolution. The DNA metylation plays an important role in gene expression, fetal growth and tumor generation in vertebral animal. Today, it is identified that the DNA metylation occurs in the 5th position of cytosine (5mC) and the first enzyme contributes the process of DNA metylation is DNA metyltransferase (Dmt).
DNA ; Animals

A human urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) was purified by 80% amonium sulfat precipitation, affnity chromatography using trypsin cellulofine gel. Specificity inhibitory activity of solution after affinity chromatography was increase from 0.8 to 29.1 and its recovery was 20.8%. The reslt indicated that binding of trypsin to formyl- cellulofine and the affinity chromatography with trypsin cellulofine gel was successful. Capalary electrophoresis of urine, solutions before and after affinity chromatography also supported the above result.
Glycoproteins ; Chromatography, Affinity

Using Quick change method, some pairs of primers were designed and 4 types of point mutation were created in the plasma past of JAM-1 endothelial cell adhesive molecule; C end acid amin was removed; JAM.1 Ser 284 amino acide was replaced by Ala acide amin, Tyr 261 amino acide by Phe amino acide; Tyr 261 and 280 were replaced at same time by 2 amino acided. The vectors containing mutant JAM was installed successfully in the cultured cell clones and promoting the biosynthesis of JAM-1 mutant proteins into cell clones. 4 types of mutant JAM-1 had changed HUVEC cells morphologically, leading to functional changes of protein
Antigens ; mutation

It has been being some studies on biomedical effects of mulberry leaves in the world. Mulberry trees are widly cultivated in VietNam to take leaves for fed of silkworm. However, there were few studies on extraction, determination and antioxidation of mulberry leaves in VietNam. Objectives: extraction and determination of polyphenol from mulberry leaves. Evaluation of antioxidant capacities of mulberry leaf extract powders. Methods: Mulberry leaf extract powder were extracted from mulberry leaves by five solvens: methanol 100%, methanol 75%, n-hexan 100%, ethylacetat 100%. Polyphenol concentration of the extracts are determined by ferrous sulphate and follin reagent assay. Antioxidant capacities of the powders are based on peroxidation of linoleic acid at 40oC. Results: Among five solvens, the extract by methanol 75% from 50g dried leaves is best. The powder is 1.94g with 2.62% of polyphenol. Polyphenol concentraion of the extract powders are determined by two methods: ferrous sulphate and follin reagent. The result with ferrous sulphate method is more accurate than follin reagent method. The mulberry leave extract powders inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation at the 1h and 12h of reaction (only 15.5% to 42.2% linoleic acid peroxidated) in comparison with control (100% linoleic acid peroxidated). Conclusions: Polyphenol from mulberry leaves was extracted by some solvens. Among them extraction of polyphenol by methanol 75% is best. Polyphenol concentration of extract powders can be dedermined by ferrous sulphat. The extract powders from mulberry leaves exhibited antioxidant capacities in vitro. The extract powder by methanol 75% showed highest antioxidant capacitiy.
Oxidants ; Morus

Orange agent/Dioxin is very toxic chemical. It has still exist and harmful affected on persons living in many areas of South VietNam since America chemical war. This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of Dioxin residue on changes of serum FT 4, T3, TSH in 318 persons exposed to the toxic. RIA and IMA assays were used to measure serum concentrations of the hormones. The results of the hormones from persons exposed to Dioxin were: 1. Serum concentration of FT4 is 9 to 25 pmol/L and significant lower in comparison with those of control group living in Hanoi. Serum concentration of T3 is 1 to 3 nmol/L and not significant lower in comparison with those of control group living in Hanoi. Serum concentration of TSH is 0,25 - 5 mUlL and not significant higher in comparison with those of control group living in Hanoi. 2. There are significant differences in serum FT4, T3. TSH concentrations between communes sprayed Dioxin in the war. 3. Abnomal ratios of serum FT4, T3, TSH concentrations of persons exposed to Orange agent/Dioxin are higher than those of control persons living in Hanoi.
Serum ; Dioxins

We extracted, determined preliminary chemical compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry leaf exttact powder in a our previous research. This continous research is on evaluation of hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf extract powder in experimental animals. Objectives: (1) Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf extract powder in mice after drinking starch; (2) Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf extract powder in diabetic experimental mice. Methods: evaluation of hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf extract powder at doses 600mg/kg and 300mg/kg in two mice experimental models: mice after drinking starch and diabetic experimental mice. Results: mulberry leaf extract powder at doses 600 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg have a hypoglycemic effect in starch drunk mice. It is best at second hour with reduces of glucocemia of 18.6 % and 9.2 % after drinking starch, respectively. Mulberry leaf extract powder at both doses of 600 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg have hypoglycemic effects at levels of 29.6 %; 18.5 % in diabetic mice injected STZ of 150 mg/kg. But mulberry leaf extract powder at both doses of 600 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg have not hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice injected STZ of 300 mg/kg. Conclusion: Mulberry leaf extract powder at doses of 600 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg have hypoglycemic effects in starch drunk mice and diabetic mice injected STZ of 150 mg/kg.
Diabetes Mellitus , Therapeutics , Mice, Animal Experimentation

Background: Macro vascular disease is a frequent complication and can rapidly progress in type 2 diabetics. The increase of blood homocysteine (Hcy) level is obviously related to an injury of blood vessels in certain types of diseases including diabetes. It is necessary to determine blood Hcy concentrations and find out its role in relation to other tests in type 2 diabetics. Objectives: (1) Determination of blood HbA1C concentration, urine micro albumin, and flow mediated dilatation (FMD) in type 2 diabetics. (2) Discover any relations between blood Hcy levels and other parameters in type 2 diabetics. Subjects and method: The prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on 57 type 2 diabetics diagnosed by WHO 2001 criteria. The concentrations of blood Hcy of all participants were assayed by a competition fluorescence immunoassay. Results: Concentrations of blood HbA1C in patients without and with controlling blood glucose were 10.6 +/- 2.2% and 7.2 +/- 0.3%, respectively. In type 2 diabetics, 35.1% of patients had positive micro-albuminuria (MAU}. FMD of patients with and without vascular damage were 4.19 +/- 1.83% and 8065 +/- 2.1%, respectively. The average concentration of blood Hcy in 57 type 2 diabetics was 12.19 +/- 3.47 micromol/L. Conclusion: Concentrations of blood Hcy in type 2 diabetics without controlling blood glucose were higher than those in the group with controlled blood glucose, but not significantly. Concentrations of blood Hcy between patients with MAU (-) and MAU (+) were significantly different. There is a reverse linear correlation between blood Hcy and FMD.
Hcy ; diabetes ; HbA1C ; micro albumin

Background: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, affecting 5 - 6% of all pregnancies. Recently, homocysteine (Hcy), a metabolite of amino acid methionine has been postulated producing oxidative stress, endothelial cell dysfunction, and alterations associated with preeclampsia. It is unclear whether high concentration of circulating Hcy causes preeclampsia, or whether this is a secondary phenomenon of metabolic alterations resulting from the disorder. Objectives: (1) Determining blood Hcy concentration in pregnancies in various severities of preeclampsia. (2) Discover the relationships between serum Hcy and other biological markers in preeclampsia. Subjects and method: This descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of 3 groups of pregnancies admitted to Thanh Nhan Hospital: 24 normal pregnant women, 28 pregnancies with non-serious preeclampsia, and 27 pregnancies with serious preeclampsia. Concentrations of blood Hcy of all participants were assayed by a competition fluorescence immunoassay (FPIA). Results: The mean concentration of serum Hcy during normal pregnancy was 5.2+/-1.0micromol/L compared with 7.1+/-1.8micromol/L among pregnancies with non-serious preeclampsia, and 11.7+/-2.9micromol/L among pregnancies with serious preeclampsia. Serum Hcy increased in pregnancies with renal dysfunction, elevated serum uric acid, and injuries of liver cells. Conclusion: Concentration of the serum Hcy in pregnancies with serious preeclampsia is significantly higher than that of pregnancies with non-serious preeclampsia, and the serum Hcy in pregnancies with non-serious preeclampsia is significantly higher than that of normal pregnancies. There are relationships between elevated serum Hcy in preeclampsia with level of kidney failure, injury of liver and increased levels of serum uric acid.
Homocysteine ; Preeclampsia

Introduction: Diabetes is a serious metabolic disease with chronic and acute complications, especially atherosclerosis. The increase of blood homocystein level is obviously related to blood injuries\u2019 in a number of diseases including diabetes. In Vietnam, blood Homocystein in Diabetics has not been comprehensively studied. \r\n', u'Objectives: The study was conducted with two surveyed groups. Determination of blood homocystein concentration in type 2 diabetics in comparison with a group of normal people. \r\n', u'Subjects and method: The study was conducted on a sample of 57 type 2 diabetics according to WHO-2001 standards and a group of 46 normal people. Concentration of blood homocystein was assayed by a competition fluorescence immunoassay, and by other experiments according to normal biochemical methods.\r\n', u'Results: The tHcy concentration in diabetics is 12.19 \xb1 3.47 mmo/L and in the normal group is 7.87 \xb1 2.26 IJmo/L. \r\n', u'Conclusion: The tHcy concentration in the 57 type 2 diabetics group has a statistically increasing mean in comparison with the normal group for both men and women. However, there is no comparative difference in the tHcy concentration of diabetics in gender and age categories. \r\n', u'
Homocystein ; Diabetic