Cross-sectional study conducted among 1026 schoolchildren selected from all 9 junior high schools in district 1, Hochiminh City. Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) rate was 4,2%. Female schoolchildren were more likely to develop RAP than male. Stressful factors associated with RAP were frequently scolded by parents (49,9%), 29,6% frequent sibling quarreling, 29,5% move to new school in the year, 3,7% birth of a sibling in the year. 12,6% schoolchildren were serious diseases. 31,3% schoolchildren were hospitalized
Life Change Events ; Abdominal Pain ; child ; Schools

Pancreatitis is a rare pathology in infant, but pancreatic pseudocyst associated with ascus is even the more uncommon complication. Its diagnosis is based on clinical signs, blood and peritoneal fluid biochemical examinations, especially on ultrasound. CT scanning plays an important role for diagnosis and treatment. Internal therapeutics give very good success in recompensation of liquids and electrolites, in pain relief and in maintaining pancreatic function. Surgery must be indicated once internal therapeutics give no success or in case of chronic pseudocyst, especially in case when the cyst has got a larger dimension than 10cm because of the risk of rupture
Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Ascites ; infant

Retrospective study on the food poisoning during 5 years (1997-2001) in Yen Bai province showed that: the morbility rate was 0.06%. The highest rate was in Van Yen distric (26%). The adults affected by the food poisoning was higher than children. The mortality rate of food poisoning during 5 years was 5.3%. The cause of microorganism was 41%; pesticide 30%; poisonous food as mushroom, toad egg 22.6%; wild vegetables and fruids 2%; unknown causes 4.2%. Food poisoning occoured in family meals were 58%, in crowed meals 24%. Food poisoning happened throughout the year, the highest found during April, May, June and July. The statistics was insufficient.
Food Poisoning ; Data Collection

Background: Macro vascular disease is a frequent complication and can rapidly progress in type 2 diabetics. The increase of blood homocysteine (Hcy) level is obviously related to an injury of blood vessels in certain types of diseases including diabetes. It is necessary to determine blood Hcy concentrations and find out its role in relation to other tests in type 2 diabetics. Objectives: (1) Determination of blood HbA1C concentration, urine micro albumin, and flow mediated dilatation (FMD) in type 2 diabetics. (2) Discover any relations between blood Hcy levels and other parameters in type 2 diabetics. Subjects and method: The prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on 57 type 2 diabetics diagnosed by WHO 2001 criteria. The concentrations of blood Hcy of all participants were assayed by a competition fluorescence immunoassay. Results: Concentrations of blood HbA1C in patients without and with controlling blood glucose were 10.6 +/- 2.2% and 7.2 +/- 0.3%, respectively. In type 2 diabetics, 35.1% of patients had positive micro-albuminuria (MAU}. FMD of patients with and without vascular damage were 4.19 +/- 1.83% and 8065 +/- 2.1%, respectively. The average concentration of blood Hcy in 57 type 2 diabetics was 12.19 +/- 3.47 micromol/L. Conclusion: Concentrations of blood Hcy in type 2 diabetics without controlling blood glucose were higher than those in the group with controlled blood glucose, but not significantly. Concentrations of blood Hcy between patients with MAU (-) and MAU (+) were significantly different. There is a reverse linear correlation between blood Hcy and FMD.
Hcy ; diabetes ; HbA1C ; micro albumin

Introduction: Diabetes is a serious metabolic disease with chronic and acute complications, especially atherosclerosis. The increase of blood homocystein level is obviously related to blood injuries\u2019 in a number of diseases including diabetes. In Vietnam, blood Homocystein in Diabetics has not been comprehensively studied. \r\n', u'Objectives: The study was conducted with two surveyed groups. Determination of blood homocystein concentration in type 2 diabetics in comparison with a group of normal people. \r\n', u'Subjects and method: The study was conducted on a sample of 57 type 2 diabetics according to WHO-2001 standards and a group of 46 normal people. Concentration of blood homocystein was assayed by a competition fluorescence immunoassay, and by other experiments according to normal biochemical methods.\r\n', u'Results: The tHcy concentration in diabetics is 12.19 \xb1 3.47 mmo/L and in the normal group is 7.87 \xb1 2.26 IJmo/L. \r\n', u'Conclusion: The tHcy concentration in the 57 type 2 diabetics group has a statistically increasing mean in comparison with the normal group for both men and women. However, there is no comparative difference in the tHcy concentration of diabetics in gender and age categories. \r\n', u'
Homocystein ; Diabetic

Background: Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors in one person but not a real disease. For this reason, metabolic syndrome is underestimated by clinicians and individuals. Metabolic syndrome that was not detected and treated timely can cause serious diseases. Objectives: 1) To investigate the abnormal blood biochemical parameters related to metabolic syndrome. 2) To determine the abnormal ratio of these parameters. 3) To screen the metabolic syndrome among the staffs of Ha Noi Medical University. Subjects and method: 229 staffs underwent laboratory tests to diagnose for the metabolic syndrome. Abnormal blood biochemical parameters were defined as follows: Fasting blood glucose level increased 6.1mmol/l or more. Triglycerides level is 2.3mmol/l or more, HDL-cholesterol decreased to less than 1.03mmol/l for men and less than 1.24mmol/l for women. Total cholesterol level is 5.2mmol/l or more. CT to HDL-C ratio is more than 3.63 and LDL cholesterol level is 3.5mmol/l or more. Results. Rate of subjects with glucose intolerance or blood fasting glucose higher than 6.1mmol/L is 20.09%. Rate of subjects with dyslipidemia is 61.14%. Average levels of blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol increase with age. Number of staffs of Ha Noi Medical University have metabolic syndrome in 2007 are 32 persons (14%). M/F rate is equal and most common in persons over 45 years of age. Conclusion:There are significant number of staffs at the Ha Noi Medical University that had abnormal blood glucose and cholesterol levels related to metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome ; blood biochemical parameters.

Background: Fungal keratitis is a serious ocular infection that can cause corneal scarring and blindness. Currently, diagnosis of fungal pathogens remains a difficult problem. Objectives: To investigate the application of semi-nested PCR targeted ITS genes for detection of fungal agents causing keratitis. Material and method: Ten identified fungal strains, 4 bacterial strains, 20 scraping samples from patients with suspected fungal keratitis and 2 scraping samples from patients with suspected bacterial keratitis were tested using semi-nested PCR. Results: Semi-nested PCR showed positive results for the samples of identified fungal strains and for the 20 scraping samples from patients with suspected fungal keratitis. Neither samples of bacterial strains nor scraping samples from suspected bacterial keratitis patients gave positive PCR results. Conclusion: Semi-nested PCR is a robust tool for specific and rapid detection of fungal agents causing keratitis.
Fungal keratitis ; semi-nested PCR

Background: Identifying the factors which affect the invasion and metastasis process takes a vital role in the treatment of cancer. This is the first study on the relationship between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP \u2013 9), invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Vietnam. Objectives: To evaluate the significance of matrix metalloproteinase \u2013 9 in predicting the metastasis potential of NPC. Subject and Method: The expression of MMP \u2013 9 was studied by immunohistochemical analysis in 33 nasopharyngeal carcinoma sections and the associations of MMP-9 with lymph nodes metastasis and clinical features. Results: Positive immunostaining for MMP-9 was observed in 94.94% of the NPCs, 39.4% of the cases being extensively positive (+++). The expression of MMP-9 correlated significantly with cervical lymph nodes metastasis (p<0.05). 5/16 cases (31.25% of the cases) without cervical lymph nodes metastasis expressed MMP-9 with 2+ or 3+ level, non-significant of MMP-9 expression with T classification and clinical stage. Conclusions: The expression of MMP-9 often goes along with lymph nodes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
MMP-9 ; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background: Human Heparansulphate interacting protein (hHip) has been shown to participate in biological processes of cells. Several studies indicated that hHip transcript is up regulated in several of cancer tissues including those of thyroid, colon, breast and prostate. Antibody against hHIP is necessary for methods to evaluate protein level of HIP in cancer tissues. Objectives:The aims of study was to induce anti hHIP antibody in rabbit and purify and conserve purified anti hHIP antibody. Subjects and method: The study included 9 adult and healthy rabbits with the weight 2 - 2.5kg. Immunization hHIP peptide-KLH in rabbit. Purify anti hHIP antibody using affinity chromatography. Results: The results shown synthesize hHIP peptide and conjugate it with carrier protein. Sensitive rabbit better meet with hHIP-KLH antibody. The Ig concentration obtained in sensitive rabbit was rather high and equal. Immunization hHIP-KLH successfully in rabbit. Obtainment valuable amount of anti hHIP antibody. Conclusion: Successfully induce and purify anti hHIP antibody from rabbit. Establish a standard protocol for polyclonal antibody against small peptide in rabbit.\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Carrier Proteins/ administration & ; dosage ; chemistry ; Rabbits

Background: Phu Cat district, Binh Dinh province is one of the areas contaminated with Agent Orange in Wartime and now up to it still continues to affect the environmental life and health of people living there. Objectives: Investigate the factual status of mortality rate from 2002 to 2006 in Phu Cat district, Binh Dinh province and determine the burden of mortality based on the number of Years of Lost Life (YLLs). Subject and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all deaths from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2006 in Phu Cat population. Burden of mortality was analyzed using the WHO standard method. The dead cases were causal diagnosed by Verbal Autopsy tools and update information for mortality rate. Results: Mortality rates were 3.1%o (2002), 3.3%o (2003), 4.08%o (2004) and 2.67% (2005). YLLs from 2002 to 2006 in order are: 55.87%, 57.98%, 73.82%, 48.74% and 49.01%, respectively. The number of mortality in men was higher than women and had a tendency to increase from 2002 to 2004, to decrease during 2005 and 2006. YLLs in group of ages 0-4 was highest in 2004 (150.76%o), followed by 2002 (126.28%o) and was lowest in 2005 (39.72%o). YLLs in groups of ages >60 was high, especially in non-communicable disease. Conclusions: Mortality model from 2002 to 2006 in Phu Cat district, Binh Dinh province was appropriate for the national mortality model. According to YLLs, the burden of mortality was determined as the general burden of mortality from 2002 to 2006 and burden of mortality followed disease groups: communicable disease, nutrition disease and pregnancy; non-communicable disease; poisoned and accident related diseases.
burden of mortality ; mortality