Bifidobacterium bifidum has been used in foreign to treat antibiotics induced diarrhoea with many advantages compared to Bacillus subtilis. But in Vietnam, there are not like this. We have researched a basis to use this bacterium in a pharmaceutical product. We isolated, screened the optimal conditions to culture B. bifidum and built up the growth curve of it. An in vitro trial had been developed on rat and showed that B. bifidum had a good effect on treatment antibiotics induced diarrhoea.
Bifidobacterium ; Anti-Bacterial Agents

Providing good quality drugs is the major duty of the Pharmaceutical Branch. However, in the market, there have been drugs having qualities, which are worse than they were registered in the Drug Administration. This causes a bad effect not only to the consumers but also to the economy. Moreover, the important thing is that can create a bad prestige for the Vietnamese Pharmacy. And of course, it is also a barrier for Vietnamese products in circulating in the international market. The investigation wants to show a comprehensive picture of drug quality’s situation in The Southern Area of Vietnam from 1/2000 to 6/2001
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Quality Control

The hepatoprotective effects of extracts from Phyllanthus niruri obtained by different extraction procedures were evaluated using mice with acute hepatitis, included by CCL4. The effects of lowering the serum ALT and AST of these extracts were clearly demonstrated. It was founded that the hepatoprotective effect of extract produced a protective action better than a recovery one on. Activities of Extract 3 and ChophytolR were compared
Adenoma ; Hepatocytes ; Phyllanthus ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Background: Surveys in disability are getting more and more attention from the Governments and contributes towards improve service provision for people with disabilities. Objective: To describe the prevalence of people with disabilities at The Chi Linh demographic and epidemiological surveillance system (CHILILAB), Hai Duong province in 2007. Subject and Method: The cross - cutting survey conducted in the CHILILAB which has a population of 65.438 people, the WHO questionnaire of disability screening was used. Result and conclusion: Disability prevalence in Chi Linh occurs in 28.2% of the population. It is noted that the disability prevalence increases significantly with age groups: 81.8% of those who are over 60, 58.2% those aged of 40 - 59 and only 8 - 9% of those aged under 40. In addition, the disability prevalence is higher in the rural areas, women, the poor and the illiterate. It is necessary to have more study on the prevalence of people with disabilities in wider ranges. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Prevalence ; Disability prevalence ; Disability

Background: People with disabilities have been coping with barriers that make it difficult for them to access public services. Many of them are poor, illiterate and out of work. Objective: To describe some characteristics of disabled people living in the communities of Chi Linh district, Hai Duong province. Subject and methods: Interview all of the 18.473 disabled people living in the seven communities of Chi Linh district, Hai Duong province. The contents of the interviews includes: economic-social information (income, education, job and martial status) and disability status (disability form and cause). Results: Nearly three fourths of disabled people are at the age of 45 and over. There are more women than men, with the male/female ratio at 1:1.8. Almost all of the disabled people are the Kinh in Chi Linh and 10.8% of them belong to the poor households. One in ten disabled people are illiterate and two thirds of disabled adolescents are at lower secondary school or lower. Difficulty in seeing is the most common among the kinds of disabilities, accounting for 81.9% of disabled people and about three fourths with one disability. Among the causes of disability, aging accounts for 71.5%, this is followed by illness. Conclusion: There is the need to reduce the rate of disability at the age of 45 and over, reducing the rate of sight related difficulties and increasing the accessibility of disabled people to educational services.
disability persons ; characteristics

Background: Open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes haemostatic abnormalities which result in postoperative excessive bleeding. Objectives: To investigate haemostatic disorders before - after CPB and postoperative bleeding. Subjects and methods: Sixty congenital cardiac patients with and without cyanosis were recruited consecutively. Hematology and coagulation tests were done 1 day before operation, 15 minutes after protamine administration, 2 and 6 hours after the operation in the intensive care unit (lCU). Mediastinal chest tube drainage (MCTO) was measured for the first 6h in the ICU. Results: Significant differences between 2 groups could be found for red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, fibrinogen, D-dimer, fibrinogen degradation products (FOP), von Kaulla and platelet aggregation to epinephrine before operation (p < 0.05). There were not significant differences in platelets, PT, APTT, platelet aggregation to adenosine diphosphate (AOP) in the acyanotic and cyanotic patients (p > 0.05). Most hematology parameters were decreased significantly and hemostasis measurements were prolonged after operation in both groups (p < 0.05). There was also the significant difference in MCTO between 2 groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Coagulation, hemostasis and fibrinolysis disorders; thrombocytopenia and acquired transient platelet dysfunction may be responsible for bleeding complications after CBP \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Heart Defects ; Congenital/ pathology ; epidemiology ; Hemostatic Disorders/ pathology ; diagnosis

Background: HIV/AIDS pandemic really become danger to mankind on the earth. Objectives: Description epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients. Studying clinical expression, learning aboutdemands of infected patients and community care for infected patients. Subjects and method: 71 HIV/AIDS people in Thua Thien Hue were studied in 2006. Using descriptive method to give epidemiological characteristics and behaviour of HIV/AIDS people. People were determined HIV/AIDS infection based on the criteria of Ministry of Health. The information were collected by target study. Results: HIV/AIDS people mainly from the age of 20 to 39 (83,10%), males were 52,10% and in various levels of education and all kinds of occupation. The rate of sexually transmitted infection was 84,5% and infection transmission was 15,5%. The rate of sexually transmitted infection within the last 12 months was 57,7%. 63,4% of infected people used condom while having sex with their spouses or partners. 1,4% of infected people using drug infection within the last month. 38% of the infected people had manifestations of AIDS, 77,8% of HIV/AIDS were treated with antiviral drugs. Families and communities had positive attitudes and behaviors to the HIV/AIDS people. Infected people being remoted from the society was 12,7%, 88,7% of them receiving supports from their communities such as disease treatment, spirit and material supports and job opportunities. Conclusion: Strengthen communication activities to change behavior of HIV/AIDS people and in communitiy to reduce alienation, discrimination for infected people. Execute socialization in care and support for HIV/AIDS people.
HIV/ immunology ; isolation & ; purification ; pathogenicity ; Community Health Services/ organization & ; administration ; Epidemiologic Methods ;

Background: Common variants in the fat mass and obesity-related transcript (FTO) gene are related to body mass index and obesity, suggesting its potential association with bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. This study sought to define the association between FTO gene variants and the following phenotypes: (1) BMD; (2) bone loss; and (3) fracture risk. Methods: This analysis was based on the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study that included 1,277 postmenopausal women aged ≥60 years living in Dubbo, Australia. BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured biennially by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (GE Lunar). Fractures were radiologically ascertained. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs1421085, rs1558902, rs1121980, rs17817449, rs9939609, and rs9930506) of the FTO gene were genotyped using TaqMan assay. Results: Women homozygous for the minor allele (GG) of rs9930506 had a significantly higher risk of hip fracture (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–3.23) than those homozygous for the major allele (AA) after adjusting for potential confounding effects. Similar associations were also observed for the minor allele of rs1121980. However, there was no significant association between the FTO SNPs and BMD or the rate of bone loss. Conclusions Common variations in the FTO gene are associated with a hip fracture risk in women, and the association is not mediated through BMD or bone loss.

Background: Buxus latistyla Gagnep. (Buxaceae) has been used as a remedy for treating malaria, haemoptysis, amoebic dysentery etc. However, its chemical constituents are still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify phytochemicals isolated from this plant. Materials and method: Aerial parts of B. latistyla were collected from Quang Tri province. Pure compounds were isolated using the combination of chromatographic methods. Structures of isolated compounds were identified by analyzing spectral data of nuclear magnetic resonance as well as by comparing with reported data. Results & Conclusion: Five triterpenes were isolated and identified including lupeol (1), lupenone (2), betulin (3), 20(29)-lupene-2α,3α-diol (4), 20(29)-lupene-2α,3α,28-triol (5). This is the first report about those phytochemicals of B. latistyla collected in Vietnam.

Objective: To assess the acceptance of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine among healthcare workers at two general hospitals in Vietnam when it is available. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling from January to February 2021 among 410 healthcare workers at two general hospitals in Vietnam via a self-administered questionnaire. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of vaccine acceptance including the demographic factors, COVID-19 knowledge, and vaccine beliefs based on the domains of Health Belief Model. Results: Among 410 healthcare workers, 76.10% showed vaccination willingness. Predictors of acceptance were determined that the group reporting as 'vaccine acceptance' was more likely to be positive towards the perceived susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 (OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.48-4.06, P<0.05), perceived benefits of vaccination, and cues to action (OR 4.36; 95% CI 2.35-8.09, and OR 5.49; 95% CI 2.84-10.61, respectively, all P<0.001), but less likely to have the perceived barriers to vaccination (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.09-0.38; P<0.001) compared with the no acceptance group. Besides, people who had a good knowledge regarding the severity of illness were 3.37 times more likely to have identified as vaccine acceptance (OR 3.37; 95% CI 1.04-10.86, P<0.05). The demographic factors were also associated with willingness to receive the vaccine, with participants who were staff and received COVID-19 information from relatives were less likely to accept the vaccine over those who were doctors and not receiving information from relatives (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.13-0.96, and OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17-0.78, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions: A rate of willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 was relatively high with discrepancies between occupation, receiving information from relatives, knowledge toward the severity of illness, and the elements of Health Belief Model. The findings will provide information for the management authorities to develop relevant interventions to promote COVID-19 vaccination uptake.