48 patients with the fluid colonal functional disorder used “Tu than” pill at dose of 10g/day x2 times/day after a meal within 30 days. The results have showed that after 30 days of the treatment, the symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, cold anxiety were improved. The drug was well tolerated, easy to use and had a little side effects.
Colonic Diseases, Functional ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

This study assessed the prevalence of TT virus and GBV-C/HGV in some groups: non A-E hepatitis patients, blood donors and HCV infection group. HGV RNA was detected by RT-nested PCR and TTV DNA was determined by semi-nested PCR. The result showed that 4% TTV DNA positive was found in 75 non A-non E hepatitis patients. The positive rates of TTV DNA were increased among blood donors and HCV infection group. All of non A – non E hepatitis patients and bolld donors were HGV RNA negative but the rate of GBV-C/HGV RNA positive was very high in HCV infection group. The itiopathogenetic role of TTV and GBV-C/HGV in chronic hepatitis of non A-non E wasf still undefined
Hepatitis ; Torque teno virus

The fragment in ORF2 of HEV genome, which is coded for structural protein was transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115 strain (Mut+) after confirmation of positives clones by PCR and DNA sequencing. After induction by methanol for 4 days, shaking at 30oC, the cells were collected and disrupted. The purification of recombinant protein was checked by SDS-PAGE and the presence of HEV recombinant antigen was identified by Western Blot. High antigenicity of HEV recombinant protein was constructed
Cloning, Organism ; Proteins

The nucleotide sequence from position 5966 to 6582 of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) genome was determined from a Vietnamese isolate obtained from the acute-phase sera of a sporadic case of acute hepatitis. This sequence was compared with the corresponding sequences of 17 HEV strains deposited in GenBank. This analysis revealed that the Vietnamese strain of HEV belongs to genotype 1 closely related to the Myanmar, India, and Nepal subtypes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated genotype-specific nucleotides and aminoacids within this region
Hepatitis E ; viruses

Persistence of antibody against hepatitis A virus has been studied in 30 healthy adults at 24th month after receiving a three doses schedule of hepatitis A vaccine (Havax). Results: Residual level in all subjects was higher than protective level (≥ 20mIU/ml). The GMT was higher than the protective level (831,5mIU/ml) 40 times and 100% people injected remained protective antibody.
Hepatitis A ; Vaccination

Background: As avian influenza A/H5N1 epidemic spreads rapidly, many corporations, vaccine manufacturers in cooperation with laboratories around the world has conducted research and developed H5N1 vaccine for both humans and poultry. Objective: Evaluate the adaptation and cloning of rgh5n1 vaccine reference strain to vero cells in order to produce master seed virus and working seed virus. Subject and Method: The reverse genetics derived A/H5N1 virus strain (rgH5N1) was studied for adaptation to Vero cells by serial passage. It has been shown that the rgH5N1 strain can be propagated in Vero cells and cause CPE with the highest virus titer 1010,9 PFU/ml at Vero passage 15. The rgH5N1 strain was cloned by using plaque purification method and passaged to obtain a high stable virus titer. Conclusion: The reverse genetics derived A/H5N1 virus strain was propagated in Vero cells. Master seed virus and working seed virus were obtained at passage 6.
rgh5n1 ; avian influenza ; vero cells

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion. It is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel habits in the absence of any detectable organic cause."Tu than hoan" is a traditional remedy applied for the treatment of syndromes of traditional medicine which have the similar characteristics to irritable bowel syndrome of diarrhea state of modern medicine. Objectives: The study had two purposes: (1)To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the remedy on the clinical symptoms of patients with irritable bowel syndrome of diarrhea state comparing with Duspatalin; (2)To evaluate the side effects of the remedy. Subjects and method:162 patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome of diarrhea state were treated at Bach Mai hospital from March to August 2005. They divided into 2 groups, the control group included 77 patients and the study group included 85 patients. : clinical test, comparing with controls. Results: 80% of patients recovered from diarrhea; 82.4% of patients with defecation returned to normal; 93.6% stopped mucous feces; 76.5% stopped bellyache. Good therapeutic effect was 61.2% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Tu than hoan had good therapeutic effects in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome of diarrhea state. None of patients had to discontinue the medicine due to side effects. \r\n', u' \r\n', u'
Irritable Bowel Syndrome/ pathology ; therapy ; Medicine ; Traditional/ methods ; utilization

INTRODUCTION: Approximately 1000 children die each year due to preventable water and sanitation-related diarrheal diseases. Six in 10 people lacked access to safely managed sanitation facilities in 2015. Numerous community- and school-based approaches have been implemented to eradicate open defecation practices, promote latrine ownership, improve situation sanitation, and reduce waterborne disease. OBJECTIVE: Given that current evidence for sanitation interventions seem promising, the aim of this study was to systematically summarize existing research on the effectiveness of community- and school-based randomized controlled sanitation intervention in improving (1) free open defecation (safe feces disposal), (2) latrine usage, (3) latrine coverage or access, and (4) improved latrine coverage or access. METHODS: Eight electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, WHO Global Health Library (GHL), Virtual Health Library (VHL), POPLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar up to 26 April 2019. Original randomized clinical trials addressing community-based or school-based intervention that reported feces disposal and latrine coverage were deemed eligible. More than two researchers independently contributed to screening of papers, data extraction, and bias assessment. We conducted a meta-analysis by random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. RESULTS: Eighteen papers that matched all criteria and 16 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Compared to the control, the sanitation intervention significantly increased safe feces disposal (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.51-3.19, p < 0.05, I CONCLUSION Our study showed strong evidence for both community- and school-based sanitation interventions as effective for the safe disposal of human excreta. The finding suggests major implications for health policy and design of future intervention in developing countries.
Community Participation/statistics & numerical data* ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sanitation/instrumentation* ; School Health Services/statistics & numerical data* ; Toilet Facilities/statistics & numerical data*