Total mesorectal excision (TME) is an effective surgical method to reduce the local recurrence of rectal cancer and improve patient prognosis. However, there is debate about which surgical platform to use to achieve the best surgical outcome for TME. The emergence and technological progress of transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) can solve the problem of difficulty in lower rectal resection and achieve better surgical resection results. Based on relevant literatures and combined with team clinical practice, the authors explore the technical advantages and oncological efficacy of taTME in rectal cancer.